Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.17.1 | 1 | other | high | βαρβάρων δὲ τῶν πρὸς τῇ ἑσπέρᾳ οἱ ἔχοντες Σαρδώ, εἰκόνα οὗτοι χαλκῆν τοῦ ἐπωνύμου σφίσιν ἀπέστειλαν. | Of the barbarian peoples dwelling toward the west, those who possess Sardinia sent a bronze image of their eponymous ancestor to Olympia. | Describes an offering from Sardinia at Olympia; this is antiquarian/descriptive material, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 10.17.1 | 2 | other | high | ἡ δὲ Σαρδὼ μέγεθος μὲν καὶ εὐδαιμονίαν ἐστὶν ὁμοία ταῖς μάλιστα ἐπαινουμέναις· | Sardinia in size and prosperity resembles the most celebrated islands. | Purely geographic/descriptive comparison of Sardinia's size and prosperity; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.1 | 3 | other | high | ὄνομα δὲ αὐτῇ τὸ ἀρχαῖον ὅ τι μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἐγένετο οὐκ οἶδα, Ἑλλήνων δὲ οἱ κατʼ ἐμπορίαν ἐσπλέοντες Ἰχνοῦσσαν ἐκάλεσαν, ὅτι τὸ σχῆμα τῇ νήσῳ κατʼ ἴχνος μάλιστά ἐστιν ἀνθρώπου. | Its original local name I do not know, but among the Greeks it was called by the traders who sailed there "Ichnoussa," because the shape of the island closely resembles the footprint of a human being. | Explains the island's name and shape; purely geographical/antiquarian, not mythic or historical. |
| 10.17.1 | 4 | other | high | μῆκος δὲ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς εἴκοσι στάδιοι καὶ ἑκατόν εἰσι καὶ χίλιοι, εὖρος δὲ ἐς εἴκοσί τε καὶ τετρακοσίους προήκει. | The length of the island extends to one thousand one hundred and twenty stadia, and its breadth reaches as far as four hundred and twenty stadia. | Purely geographical measurement of the island's dimensions; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.2 | 1 | mythic | medium | πρῶτοι δὲ διαβῆναι λέγονται ναυσὶν ἐς τὴν νῆσον Λίβυες· ἡγεμὼν δὲ τοῖς Λίβυσιν ἦν Σάρδος ὁ Μακήριδος, Ἡρακλέους δὲ ἐπονομασθέντος ὑπὸ Αἰγυπτίων τε καὶ Λιβύων. | The Libyans are said to have been the first people to cross over by ships to the island, and their leader was Sardus son of Makeris, who was surnamed Heracles by the Egyptians and Libyans. | Accounts a primordial first crossing and legendary founder figure Sardus/Heracles, tied to mythic colonization. |
| 10.17.2 | 2 | mythic | high | Μακήριδι μὲν δὴ αὐτῷ τὰ ἐπιφανέστατα ὁδὸς ἐγένετο ἡ ἐς Δελφούς· Σάρδῳ δὲ ἡγεμονία τε ὑπῆρξε τῶν Λιβύων ἡ ἐς τὴν Ἰχνοῦσσαν καὶ τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τοῦ Σάρδου τούτου μετέβαλεν ἡ νῆσος. | Makeris himself acquired his greatest fame from his journey to Delphi; Sardus, on the other hand, commanded the Libyans who sailed to Ichnoussa, and the island changed its name on account of this Sardus. | Names a legendary founder and links an island's name change to him, a mythic aetiology. |
| 10.17.2 | 3 | historical | medium | οὐ μέντοι τούς γε αὐτόχθονας ἐξέβαλεν ὁ τῶν Λιβύων στόλος, σύνοικοι δὲ ὑπʼ αὐτῶν οἱ ἐπελθόντες ἀνάγκῃ μᾶλλον ἢ ὑπὸ εὐνοίας ἐδέχθησαν. | Nevertheless, the Libyan expedition did not expel the native inhabitants, but these newcomers were received by them as co-settlers by compulsion rather than through goodwill. | Refers to a Libyan expedition and settlement of newcomers, an event-like account of population change rather than mythic material. |
| 10.17.2 | 4 | other | high | καὶ πόλεις μὲν οὔτε οἱ Λίβυες οὔτε τὸ γένος τὸ ἐγχώριον ἠπίσταντο ποιήσασθαι· σποράδες δὲ ἐν καλύβαις τε καὶ σπηλαίοις, ὡς ἕκαστοι τύχοιεν, ᾤκησαν. | Neither the Libyans nor the indigenous people knew at that time how to establish cities; instead, they lived scattered about in huts and caves wherever they happened to find shelter. | Describes the non-urban settlement pattern of Libyans and locals, a geographical/antiquarian observation rather than mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.3 | 1 | mythic | high | ἔτεσι δὲ ὕστερον μετὰ τοὺς Λίβυας ἀφίκοντο ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἐς τὴν νῆσον οἱ μετʼ Ἀρισταίου. | Years later, after the Libyans, the followers of Aristaeus arrived in the island from Greece. | Aristaeus and his followers are mythic figures, and the sentence recounts their arrival as part of mythic colonizing tradition. |
| 10.17.3 | 2 | mythic | high | παῖδα δὲ λέγουσιν Ἀρισταῖον Ἀπόλλωνός τε εἶναι καὶ Κυρήνης· ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ Ἀκταίωνος περισσῶς ἀλγήσαντα τῇ συμφορᾷ καὶ Βοιωτίᾳ τε καὶ πάσῃ τῇ Ἑλλάδι κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἀχθόμενον, οὕτως ἐς τὴν Σαρδὼ μετοικῆσαί φασιν αὐτόν. | They say Aristaeus was the son of Apollo and Cyrene, and that after the disaster that befell Actaeon, being exceedingly distressed by this calamity and equally troubled by Boeotia and indeed the entire land of Greece, he migrated thus to Sardinia. | Aristaeus’ parentage from Apollo and Cyrene and Actaeon’s disaster are mythic traditions, and his migration to Sardinia is presented as a consequence of that myth. |
| 10.17.4 | 1 | mythic | high | οἱ δὲ καὶ Δαίδαλον ἀποδρᾶναι τηνικαῦτα †καὶ οἴκου διὰ τὴν ἐπιστρατείαν τὴν Κρητῶν καὶ ἀποικίας ἐς τὴν Σαρδὼ μετασχεῖν τῷ Ἀρισταίῳ νομίζουσιν· | Some also believe that Daedalus escaped from home at this time, because of the expedition of the Cretans, and joined Aristaeus' colony to Sardinia. | Daedalus and Aristaeus belong to mythic tradition; the sentence reports a mythic explanation involving Daedalus's escape and a colony to Sardinia. |
| 10.17.4 | 2 | mythic | high | ἔχοι δʼ ἂν λόγον οὐδένα Αὐτονόῃ τῇ Κάδμου συνοικήσαντι τῷ Ἀρισταίῳ Δαίδαλον ἢ ἀποικίας ἢ ἄλλου τινὸς μετεσχηκέναι, ὃς ἡλικίαν κατὰ Οἰδίποδα ἦν βασιλεύοντα ἐν Θήβαις. | However, it does not seem reasonable at all that Daedalus, who was contemporary with Oedipus when he was king at Thebes, took part either in the colony or anything else alongside Aristaeus, who married Autonoe, daughter of Cadmus. | Refers to Cadmus, Autonoe, Aristaeus, and Oedipus in a mythic genealogical context. |
| 10.17.4 | 3 | other | high | πόλιν δʼ οὖν οἰκίζουσιν οὐδεμίαν οὐδʼ οὗτοι, ὅτι ἀριθμῷ τε καὶ ἰσχύι ἐλάσσονες ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἢ κατὰ πόλεως ἦσαν οἰκισμόν. | In any case, these people too did not found any city, since it seems to me they were too few in number and insufficiently strong for settling a city. | Describes a general assessment of settlement and city-founding capacity, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.5 | 1 | mythic | high | μετὰ δὲ Ἀρισταῖον Ἴβηρες ἐς τὴν Σαρδὼ διαβαίνουσιν ὑπὸ ἡγεμόνι τοῦ στόλου Νώρακι, καὶ ᾠκίσθη Νώρα πόλις ὑπὸ αὐτῶν· | After Aristaeus, the Iberians crossed over into Sardinia under Norax, their expedition leader, and founded the city of Nora. | Foundation of Nora by Norax after Aristaeus is a legendary settlement story. |
| 10.17.5 | 2 | mythic | high | ταύτην πρώτην γενέσθαι πόλιν μνημονεύουσιν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ, παῖδα δὲ Ἐρυθείας τε τῆς Γηρυόνου καὶ Ἑρμοῦ λέγουσιν εἶναι τὸν Νώρακα. | They relate that this city was the first to arise on the island, and Norax himself is said to have been a son of Hermes and Erytheia, the daughter of Geryon. | Explains the legendary foundation of a city and Norax’s divine parentage. |
| 10.17.5 | 3 | mythic | high | τετάρτη δὲ μοῖρα Ἰολάου Θεσπιέων τε καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς στρατιὰ κατῆρεν ἐς Σαρδώ, καὶ Ὀλβίαν μὲν πόλιν οἰκίζουσιν, ἰδίᾳ δὲ Ὀγρύλην οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι διασώζοντες τῶν δήμων τῶν οἴκοι τινὸς τὸ ὄνομα· | As a fourth contingent, an army of Thespians with Iolaus, joined by settlers from Attica, landed in Sardinia. | The sentence links the settlers to Iolaus, a mythic figure, and treats the colonizing landing as part of that mythic tradition. |
| 10.17.5 | 4 | historical | medium | ἢ καὶ αὐτὸς τοῦ στόλου μετεῖχεν Ὀγρύλος. | They founded the city of Olbia, while the Athenians among them separately preserved Ogryle, naming it after one of their homeland demes, unless Ogrylus himself actually participated in their expedition. | Refers to an Athenian expedition and a possible participant in it, which is historical rather than mythic. |
| 10.17.5 | 5 | mythic | high | ἔστι δʼ οὖν καὶ κατʼ ἐμὲ ἔτι χωρία τε Ἰολάια ἐν τῇ Σαρδοῖ καὶ Ἰόλαος παρὰ τῶν οἰκητόρων ἔχει τιμάς. | Even in my time there remain places named after Iolaus in Sardinia, and he is still honored by its inhabitants. | Named places and honors derive from Iolaus, a mythic figure, and describe mythic impact on the landscape and local cult. |
| 10.17.6 | 1 | mythic | high | Ἰλίου δὲ ἁλισκομένης ἄλλοι τε ἐκφεύγουσι τῶν Τρώων καὶ οἱ ἀποσωθέντες μετὰ Αἰνείου· | When Ilium was captured, among other Trojans who managed to escape were those who fled with Aeneas. | Refers to the fall of Ilium and Aeneas’ escape, both events in the Trojan myth cycle. |
| 10.17.6 | 2 | mythic | high | τούτων μοῖρα ἀπενεχθεῖσα ὑπὸ ἀνέμων ἐς Σαρδὼ ἀνεμίχθησαν τοῖς προενοικοῦσιν Ἕλλησι. | Some of these, having been carried by winds to Sardinia, mixed with the Greeks who previously inhabited the island. | Describes an origin story for island Greeks arriving by wind, a mythic account of settlement. |
| 10.17.6 | 3 | historical | low | καταστῆναι δὲ ἐς μάχην τῷ Ἑλληνικῷ καὶ τοῖς Τρωσὶν ἐκώλυσε τοὺς βαρβάρους· | A confrontation between the Greeks and these Trojans was prevented by the barbarians: | References Greeks, Trojans, and barbarians in a conflict narrative; treated as historical/legendary-historical rather than geographical description. |
| 10.17.6 | 4 | other | high | παρασκευῇ τε γὰρ ἴσοι τῇ ἁπάσῃ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον ἦσαν καὶ ὁ Θόρσος ποταμὸς διὰ μέσου σφίσι ῥέων τῆς χώρας ἐπʼ ἴσης καὶ ἀμφοτέροις διαβαίνειν παρεῖχε δέος. | for each side was equal in their full military preparedness, and the river Thorsus, flowing through the country between them, made both equally fearful of crossing. | Describes military conditions and a river as a geographic obstacle, not a mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 10.17.7 | 1 | historical | high | ὕστερον μέντοι πολλοῖς ἔτεσιν οἱ Λίβυες ἐπεραιώθησάν τε αὖθις ἐς τὴν νῆσον στόλῳ μείζονι καὶ ἦρξαν ἐς τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν πολέμου. | However, many years later, the Libyans once again crossed into the island with a larger fleet and began war against the Greeks. | A later war by the Libyans against the Greeks is a post-mythic historical event. |
| 10.17.7 | 2 | historical | high | τὸ μὲν δὴ Ἑλληνικὸν ἐς ἅπαν ἐπέλαβε φθαρῆναι, ἢ ὀλίγον ἐγένετο ἐξ αὐτοῦ τὸ ὑπολειφθέν· | The Greek element was entirely destroyed at that time, or at best only a small remnant survived. | Refers to the destruction of the Greek element, a historical outcome rather than myth or description. |
| 10.17.7 | 3 | mythic | high | οἱ δὲ Τρῶες ἐς τῆς νήσου τὰ ὑψηλὰ ἀναφεύγουσι, καταλαβόντες δὲ ὄρη δύσβατα ὑπὸ σκολόπων τε καὶ κρημνῶν Ἰλιεῖς μὲν ὄνομα καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι ἔχουσι, Λίβυσι μέντοι τὰς μορφὰς καὶ τῶν ὅπλων τὴν σκευὴν καὶ ἐς τὴν πᾶσαν δίαιταν ἐοίκασιν. | The Trojans, however, fled to the heights of the island, and having occupied mountains difficult of access due to cliffs and crags, they still retained the name of Ilians up until my own time. | Trojans fleeing after the Trojan War is a mythic episode, and the naming of the landscape/inhabitants derives from that mythic event. |
| 10.17.8 | 1 | other | high | ἔστι δὲ νῆσος οὐ πολὺ ἀπέχουσα τῆς Σαρδοῦς, Κύρνος ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων, ὑπὸ δὲ Λιβύων τῶν ἐνοικούντων καλουμένη Κορσική. | There is an island not far from Sardinia, called Cyrnus by the Greeks and Corsica by the Libyan inhabitants. | Purely geographical identification of an island and its names. |
| 10.17.8 | 2 | historical | high | ἐκ ταύτης μοῖρα οὐκ ἐλαχίστη στάσει πιεσθεῖσα ἀφίκετο ἐς τὴν Σαρδώ, καὶ ᾤκησαν τῆς χώρας ἀποτεμόμενοι τῆς ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν· | A considerable portion of its people, oppressed by civil strife, migrated to Sardinia and settled there, claiming for themselves a region of the mountainous country. | Migration caused by civil strife and settlement in Sardinia is a historical event, not mythic or merely descriptive. |
| 10.17.8 | 3 | other | high | ὑπὸ μέντοι τῶν ἐν τῇ Σαρδοῖ τῷ ὀνόματι ὀνομάζονται τῷ οἴκοθεν Κορσοί. | Yet the natives of Sardinia still call these settlers by their original home name—Corsi. | A naming/ethnographic note about how settlers are called; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.9 | 1 | historical | high | Καρχηδόνιοι δὲ ὅτε ναυτικῷ μάλιστα ἴσχυσαν, κατεστρέψαντο μὲν καὶ ἅπαντας τοὺς ἐν τῇ Σαρδοῖ πλὴν Ἰλιέων τε καὶ Κορσῶν---τούτοις δὲ μὴ ἐς δουλείαν ὑπαχθῆναι τὸ ἐχυρὸν ἤρκεσε τῶν ὀρῶν---, ᾤκισαν δὲ ἐν τῇ νήσῳ καὶ αὐτοὶ πόλιν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι Κάραλίν τε καὶ Σύλκους. | When the Carthaginians were strongest at sea, they subdued all the inhabitants of Sardinia except the Ilians and the Corsicans; and these resisted slavery by the strength of their mountain strongholds. | Describes Carthaginian conquest and colonization of Sardinia, a post-mythic historical event. |
| 10.17.9 | 2 | historical | high | τοῦ δὲ ἐπικουρικοῦ τῶν Καρχηδονίων Λίβυες ἢ Ἴβηρες ἐς ἀμφισβήτησιν λαφύρων ἀφικόμενοι καὶ ὡς εἶχον ὀργῆς ἀποστάντες ἐσῳκίσαντο ἐς τὰ ὑψηλὰ καὶ οὗτοι τῆς νήσου. | Moreover, the Carthaginians themselves established in the island the cities of Caralis and Sulci. | Refers to Carthaginian settlement and city foundation, a historical event in the island's landscape. |
| 10.17.9 | 3 | historical | high | Βαλαροὶ τὸ ὄνομά ἐστιν αὐτοῖς κατὰ γλῶσσαν τὴν Κυρνίων· | Certain Libyans and Iberians, who were serving as mercenaries for the Carthaginians, engaged in disputes over the distribution of booty and, seizing the opportunity afforded by their anger, revolted and established themselves in the mountainous parts of the island. | Describes named peoples and their revolt in a historical context, not mythic or merely geographical. |
| 10.17.9 | 4 | other | high | Βαλαροὺς γὰρ τοὺς φυγάδας καλοῦσιν οἱ Κύρνιοι. | These men are called Balari in the language of the Cyrnians; for the Cyrnians name exiles "Balari." | Purely antiquarian linguistic note explaining a local term for exiles; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.10 | 1 | other | high | γένη μὲν τοσαῦτα τὴν Σαρδὼ καὶ ἐσῳκισμένα οὕτω νέμεται, | These, then, are the tribes inhabiting Sardinia and the manner in which they have settled there. | Describes the tribes of Sardinia and their settlement pattern; this is geographical/ethnographic, not mythic or historical event narrative. |
| 10.17.10 | 2 | other | high | τῆς δὲ νήσου τὰ πρὸς τῆς ἄρκτου καὶ ἠπείρου τῆς κατὰ Ἰταλίαν ἐστὶν ὄρη δύσβατα τὰ πέρατα συνάπτοντα ἀλλήλοις· | As for the island itself, the northern parts facing the mainland toward Italy consist of rugged mountains whose extremities join together, making them difficult to pass. | Purely geographical description of the island’s northern mountains and terrain. |
| 10.17.10 | 3 | other | high | καὶ ἢν παραπλέῃς, ναυσὶν οὔ τε ὅρμους παρέχεται κατὰ τοῦτο ἡ νῆσος πνεύματά τε ἄτακτα καὶ ἰσχυρὰ αἱ ἄκραι τῶν ὀρῶν καταπέμπουσιν ἐς τὴν θάλασσαν. | If one sails along this coast, the island offers no harbors, and the mountain peaks send down to the sea winds that are fierce and unpredictable. | Purely geographic and descriptive: the coastline lacks harbors and the mountains create winds. |
| 10.17.11 | 1 | other | high | ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα διὰ μέσης αὐτῆς ὄρη χθαμαλώτερα. | There are other mountains as well running through the middle of the island, which are rather lower. | Purely geographical description of the island's mountains. |
| 10.17.11 | 2 | other | high | ὁ δὲ ἀὴρ ὁ ἐνταῦθα θολερός τε ὡς ἐπίπαν ἐστὶ καὶ νοσώδης· αἴτιοι δὲ οἵ τε ἅλες οἱ πηγνύμενοι καὶ ὁ νότος βαρὺς καὶ βίαιος ἐγκείμενος, | The air there is generally cloudy and unhealthy; this is due to the crystallizing salt deposits and to the oppressive and violent south wind that prevails there. | Describes local atmospheric and environmental conditions, not mythic or historical events. |
| 10.17.11 | 3 | other | high | οἱ ἄνεμοί τε οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς ἄρκτου διὰ τὸ ὑψηλὸν τῶν ὀρῶν τῶν πρὸς τῆς Ἰταλίας κωλύονται πνέοντες θέρους ὥρᾳ τόν τε ἀέρα τὸν ταύτῃ καὶ τὴν γῆν ἀναψύχειν. | Furthermore, the winds coming from the north are prevented, in the summer season, by the height of the mountains toward Italy from blowing and refreshing the air and land in those parts. | Purely geographical description of local winds and mountains, with no mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 10.17.11 | 4 | other | high | οἱ δὲ τὴν Κύρνον σταδίους φασὶν οὐ πλέονας ἀπὸ τῆς Σαρδοῦς ἢ ὀκτὼ τῇ θαλάσσῃ διείργεσθαι, ὀρεινήν τε οὖσαν καὶ ἐς ὕψος διὰ πάσης ἀνήκουσαν· τὸν Ζέφυρον οὖν καὶ Βορέαν ὑπὸ τῆς Κύρνου κωλύεσθαι νομίζουσι μὴ καὶ ἄχρι τῆς Σαρδοῦς ἐξικνεῖσθαι. | It is said by some that the island of Cyrnus is separated from Sardinia by no more than eight stades of sea, being mountainous and rising throughout to considerable elevation; thus they suppose that the western and northern winds, hindered by Cyrnus, do not reach as far as Sardinia. | Geographical description of the relative position and terrain of Cyrnus and Sardinia, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.12 | 1 | other | high | ὄφεις δὲ οὔτε ἐπὶ συμφορᾷ τῇ ἀνθρώπων οὔτε ὅσον ἀνώλεθρον αὐτῶν, οὐδὲ οἱ λύκοι τρέφεσθαι πεφύκασιν. | Neither snakes nor wolves here are naturally inclined to harm or prey upon men, nor even to the extent of causing them injury. | Describes local fauna and their natural behavior; geographical/descriptive rather than mythic or historical. |
| 10.17.12 | 2 | other | high | οἱ δὲ τράγοι ἄγριοι μέγεθος μὲν τοὺς ἑτέρωθι οὐχ ὑπερβάλλουσιν, εἶδος δέ ἐστιν αὐτοῖς ὁποῖον ἐν πλαστικῇ τις ἂν τῇ Αἰγιναίᾳ ποιήσειεν ἀγρίου κριοῦ· | The wild goats do not surpass those found elsewhere in size; in appearance, they resemble the figures of wild rams one might see in Aeginetan sculpture. | Purely descriptive comparison of local fauna with sculpture; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.12 | 3 | other | high | τὰ μέντοι ἀμφὶ τὸ στῆθος δασύτερά ἐστιν αὐτοῖς ἢ ὡς πρὸς Αἰγιναίαν τέχνην εἰκάσαι· | Yet the hair around their chests is thicker and denser than can be represented by the skill of Aeginetan art. | Purely descriptive comparison of physical appearance and artistic skill; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.12 | 4 | other | high | κέρατα δὲ οὐ διεστηκότα ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς, ἀλλὰ ἐς εὐθὺ παρὰ τὰ ὦτα ἔχουσιν ἐληλιγμένα· ὠκύτητι δὲ ἅπαντα τὰ θηρία ὑπερήρκασι. | Their horns do not project outward from the head but coil directly beside the ears; and in speed, they surpass all other animals. | Purely descriptive zoological detail about animal anatomy and speed, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.13 | 1 | other | high | πλὴν δὲ ἢ βοτάνης μιᾶς καθαρεύει καὶ ἀπὸ φαρμάκων ἡ νῆσος ὅσα ἐργάζεται θάνατον· | Except for a single herb, the island is free of plants and poisons that cause death. | Describes the island's natural flora and poisons; purely geographical/descriptive. |
| 10.17.13 | 2 | other | high | ἡ πόα δὲ ἡ ὀλέθριος σελίνῳ μέν ἐστιν ἐμφερής, τοῖς φαγοῦσι δὲ γελῶσιν ἐπιγίνεσθαι τὴν τελευτὴν λέγουσιν. | The deadly herb resembles celery, and they say that those who eat it die while overcome by laughter. | Descriptive botanical note about a poisonous herb and its effects, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 10.17.13 | 3 | mythic | high | ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ Ὅμηρός τε καὶ οἱ ἔπειτα ἄνθρωποι τὸν ἐπὶ οὐδενὶ ὑγιεῖ Σαρδάνιον γέλωτα ὀνομάζουσι. | For this reason, Homer and later people have named any unnatural laughter "Sardonic." | Refers to Homeric naming from a mythic etiological tradition about the Sardonic laugh. |
| 10.17.13 | 4 | other | high | φύεται δὲ μάλιστα ἡ πόα περὶ τὰς πηγάς, οὐ μέντοι μεταδίδωσί γε καὶ τῷ ὕδατι τοῦ ἰοῦ. | The herb grows especially around springs, but it does not pass its poison into the water. | Purely descriptive botanical/geographical observation about springs and water. |
| 10.17.13 | 5 | other | high | τὸν μὲν δὴ περὶ τῆς Σαρδοῦς λόγον ἐπεισηγαγόμεθα ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα συγγραφήν, ὅτι οὐχ ἥκιστα καὶ ἐς ταύτην οἱ Ἕλληνες τὴν νῆσον ἀνηκόως εἶχον· | I have included this account concerning Sardinia in my description of Phocis because among the Greeks, not least among the Phokians, ignorance of this island was widespread. | Antiquarian/geographical editorial comment about Sardinia and local ignorance, not a mythic or historical event. |