Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 1.6

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
1.6.1 1 historical high τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἄτταλον καὶ Πτολεμαῖον ἡλικίᾳ τε ἦν ἀρχαιότερα, ὡς μὴ μένειν ἔτι τὴν φήμην αὐτῶν, καὶ οἱ συγγενόμενοι τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ἐπὶ συγγραφῇ τῶν ἔργων καὶ πρότερον ἔτι ἠμελήθησαν· Concerning the actions of Attalus and Ptolemy—they were of such a great age that their fame no longer endures, and even those who associated with the kings and wrote the accounts of their deeds had previously shown insufficient care. References Attalus and Ptolemy, Hellenistic rulers, so this concerns historical figures and events.
1.6.1 2 historical high τούτων ἕνεκά μοι καὶ τὰ τῶνδε ἐπῆλθε δηλῶσαι ἔργα τε ὁποῖα ἔπραξαν καὶ ὡς ἐς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν περιεχώρησεν Αἰγύπτου καὶ ἡ Μυσῶν καὶ τῶν προσοίκων ἀρχή. For these reasons it has occurred to me also to relate their deeds—of what nature they were and how the kingdoms of Egypt and Mysia, as well as those of nearby peoples, came into the power of their forefathers. Refers to the deeds and kingdoms of Egypt, Mysia, and neighboring peoples coming under their forefathers' power, i.e. legendary-historical dynastic material rather than geography or mythic landscape.
1.6.2 1 historical high Πτολεμαῖον Μακεδόνες Φιλίππου παῖδα εἶναι τοῦ Ἀμύντου, λόγῳ δὲ Λάγου νομίζουσι· τὴν γάρ οἱ μητέρα ἔχουσαν ἐν γαστρὶ δοθῆναι γυναῖκα ὑπὸ Φιλίππου Λάγῳ. The Macedonians say that Ptolemy was the son of Philip, the son of Amyntas, though nominally he was considered the son of Lagus; for his mother, already pregnant, was given in marriage by Philip to Lagus. Refers to Ptolemy and Philip of Macedon, a historical dynastic claim after 500 BC.
1.6.2 2 historical high Πτολεμαῖον δὲ λέγουσιν ἄλλα τε ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ λαμπρὰ ἀποδείξασθαι καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ κινδύνου ξυμβάντος ἐν Ὀξυδράκαις μάλιστά οἱ τῶν ἑταίρων ἀμῦναι. They say further that Ptolemy distinguished himself notably by significant achievements in Asia, and especially amongst Alexander's companions protected him when he was in danger among the Oxydracae. Refers to Ptolemy and Alexander in a historical campaign context after 500 BC.
1.6.2 3 historical high τελευτήσαντος δὲ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῖς ἐς Ἀριδαῖον τὸν Φιλίππου τὴν πᾶσαν ἄγουσιν ἀρχὴν ἀντιστὰς αὐτὸς μάλιστα ἐγένετο ἐς τὰς βασιλείας αἴτιος τὰ ἔθνη νεμηθῆναι. After Alexander's death, Ptolemy strongly opposed those assigning full power to Arrhidaeus, Philip's son, and was particularly instrumental in causing the division of nations into separate kingdoms. Refers to Alexander's death and the subsequent division of kingdoms, a post-500 BC historical event.
1.6.3 1 historical high αὐτὸς δὲ ἐς Αἴγυπτον διαβὰς Κλεομένην τε ἀπέκτεινεν, ὃν σατραπεύειν Αἰγύπτου κατέστησεν Ἀλέξανδρος, Περδίκκᾳ νομίζων εὔνουν καὶ διʼ αὐτὸ οὐ πιστὸν αὑτῷ, He himself crossed over into Egypt and killed Cleomenes, whom Alexander had appointed satrap of Egypt, believing him loyal to Perdiccas and therefore untrustworthy to himself. Mentions Alexander, Cleomenes, and Perdiccas; this is a post-classical historical event in Egypt.
1.6.3 2 historical high καὶ Μακεδόνων τοὺς ταχθέντας τὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου νεκρὸν ἐς Αἰγὰς κομίζειν ἀνέπεισεν αὑτῷ παραδοῦναι· He also persuaded the Macedonians who had been appointed to carry Alexander's body to Aegae to hand it over to him. Refers to Alexander the Great and the handling of his corpse, a post-500 BC historical event.
1.6.3 3 historical high καὶ τὸν μὲν νόμῳ τῷ Μακεδόνων ἔθαπτεν ἐν Μέμφει, οἷα δὲ ἐπιστάμενος πολεμήσοντα Περδίκκαν Αἴγυπτον εἶχεν ἐν φυλακῇ. He buried the body in Memphis according to Macedonian custom; and knowing that Perdiccas would wage war against him, he kept Egypt well guarded. Refers to Alexander's burial of a body at Memphis and guarding Egypt against Perdiccas, both post-500 BC historical events.
1.6.3 4 historical high Περδίκκας δὲ ἐς μὲν τὸ εὐπρεπὲς τῆς στρατείας ἐπήγετο Ἀριδαῖον τὸν Φιλίππου καὶ παῖδα Ἀλέξανδρον ἐκ Ῥωξάνης τῆς Ὀξυάρτου γεγονότα καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου, τῷ δὲ ἔργῳ Πτολεμαῖον ἐπεβούλευεν ἀφελέσθαι τὴν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ βασιλείαν· Perdiccas, for outward appearance, took with him on campaign Philip's son Arrhidaeus and the child Alexander, son of Alexander himself and Roxane, daughter of Oxyartes; but in reality he plotted to seize for himself Ptolemy's rule over Egypt. Refers to the post-Alexander Hellenistic struggle over Egypt, a historical political event.
1.6.3 5 historical high ἐξωσθεὶς δὲ Αἰγύπτου καὶ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον ἔτι οὐχ ὁμοίως θαυμαζόμενος, διαβεβλημένος δὲ καὶ ἄλλως ἐς τοὺς Μακεδόνας, ἀπέθανεν ὑπὸ τῶν σωματοφυλάκων. He was driven out of Egypt, and lost his former prestige in military affairs; furthermore, having fallen under suspicion among the Macedonians on other grounds, he was ultimately killed by his own bodyguards. Refers to Alexander's political-military downfall and death by bodyguards, a post-500 BC historical event.
1.6.4 1 historical high Πτολεμαῖον δὲ αὐτίκα ἐς τὰ πράγματα ὁ Περδίκκου θάνατος ἐπέστησε· The death of Perdiccas at once brought Ptolemy into affairs of state. Refers to the death of Perdiccas and Ptolemy's entry into political affairs, a post-Classical historical event.
1.6.4 2 historical high καὶ τοῦτο μὲν Σύρους καὶ Φοινίκην εἷλε, τοῦτο δὲ ἐκπεσόντα ὑπὸ Ἀντιγόνου καὶ φεύγοντα ὑπεδέξατο Σέλευκον τὸν Ἀντιόχου, καὶ αὐτὸς παρεσκευάζετο ὡς ἀμυνούμενος Ἀντίγονον. He immediately secured Syria and Phoenicia, and offered refuge to Seleucus, the son of Antiochus, who had been driven out by Antigonus and fled to him, and Ptolemy himself began preparing to resist Antigonus. Describes Ptolemy, Seleucus, and Antigonus in Hellenistic political history after 500 BC.
1.6.4 3 historical high καὶ Κάσσανδρον τὸν Ἀντιπάτρου καὶ Λυσίμαχον βασιλεύοντα ἐν Θρᾴκῃ μετασχεῖν ἔπεισε τοῦ πολέμου, φυγὴν λέγων τὴν Σελεύκου καὶ τὸν Ἀντίγονον φοβερόν σφισιν εἶναι πᾶσιν αὐξηθέντα. And he persuaded Cassander, son of Antipater, and Lysimachus, the king ruling in Thrace, to enter the war, pointing to Seleucus's flight and urging that Antigonus, grown in power, had become a great danger to them all. Refers to Hellenistic rulers and their alliance in the Diadochi wars, a post-500 BC historical event.
1.6.5 1 historical high Ἀντίγονος δὲ τέως μὲν ἦν ἐν παρασκευῇ πολέμου καὶ τὸν κίνδυνον οὐ παντάπασιν ἐθάρρει· For a time Antigonus was engaged in war preparations and was not entirely confident about the outcome. Refers to Antigonus' war preparations, a post-500 BC historical event.
1.6.5 2 historical high ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐς Λιβύην ἐπύθετο στρατεύειν Πτολεμαῖον ἀφεστηκότων Κυρηναίων, αὐτίκα Σύρους καὶ Φοίνικας εἷλεν ἐξ ἐπιδρομῆς, But when he learned that Ptolemy had marched into Libya because the Cyrenaeans had revolted, he immediately seized Syria and Phoenicia by a swift attack. Refers to Ptolemy and a military campaign involving Syria and Phoenicia, an identifiable historical event.
1.6.5 3 historical high παραδοὺς δὲ Δημητρίῳ τῷ παιδί, ἡλικίαν μὲν νέῳ φρονεῖν δὲ ἤδη δοκοῦντι, καταβαίνει ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον. Having entrusted these lands to his son Demetrius, who, although still young in age, already seemed capable in judgment, he moved down toward the Hellespont. Refers to a political-military movement and dynastic transfer in the Hellenistic period, clearly after 500 BC.
1.6.5 4 historical high πρὶν δὲ ἢ διαβῆναι πάλιν ἦγεν ὀπίσω τὴν στρατιάν, Δημήτριον ἀκούων ὑπὸ Πτολεμαίου μάχῃ κεκρατῆσθαι· However, before crossing, he turned his army back upon hearing that Demetrius had been defeated by Ptolemy in battle. Refers to a battle involving Demetrius and Ptolemy, a post-classical historical event.
1.6.5 5 historical high Δημήτριος δὲ οὔτε παντάπασιν ἐξειστήκει Πτολεμαίῳ τῆς χώρας καί τινας τῶν Αἰγυπτίων λοχήσας διέφθειρεν οὐ πολλούς. Yet Demetrius had not quite yielded all of the territory to Ptolemy, for he had ambushed and killed some few Egyptians. Refers to Demetrius and Ptolemy in a political-military conflict, which is post-500 BC historical material.
1.6.5 6 historical high τότε δὲ ἥκοντα Ἀντίγονον οὐχ ὑπομείνας Πτολεμαῖος ἀνεχώρησεν ἐς Αἴγυπτον. But as soon as Antigonus arrived, Ptolemy refused to face him, and withdrew back into Egypt. Refers to Ptolemy and Antigonus, Hellenistic historical figures, and a military movement.
1.6.6 1 historical high διελθόντος δὲ τοῦ χειμῶνος Δημήτριος πλεύσας ἐς Κύπρον Μενέλαον σατράπην Πτολεμαίου ναυμαχίᾳ καὶ αὖθις αὐτὸν Πτολεμαῖον ἐπιδιαβάντα ἐνίκησε· When winter had passed, Demetrius sailed to Cyprus and defeated Menelaus, the satrap of Ptolemy, in a naval battle, and later vanquished Ptolemy himself when he crossed over to assist. Describes Demetrius and Ptolemaic military actions in the Hellenistic period, clearly post-500 BC.
1.6.6 2 historical high φυγόντα δὲ αὐτὸν ἐς Αἴγυπτον Ἀντίγονός τε κατὰ γῆν καὶ ναυσὶν ἅμα ἐπολιόρκει καὶ Δημήτριος. After Ptolemy fled into Egypt, both Antigonus by land and Demetrius by sea laid siege to him simultaneously. Refers to the Hellenistic conflicts involving Antigonus and Demetrius after Ptolemy's flight to Egypt, a historical event after 500 BC.
1.6.6 3 historical high Πτολεμαῖος δὲ ἐς πᾶν ἀφικόμενος κινδύνου διέσωσεν ὅμως τὴν ἀρχὴν στρατιᾷ τε ἀντικαθήμενος ἐπὶ Πηλουσίῳ καὶ τριήρεσιν ἀμυνόμενος ἅμα ἐκ τοῦ ποταμοῦ. Ptolemy, brought to extreme danger, nonetheless preserved his rule by positioning his army defensively around Pelusium and resisting with his fleet on the river. Describes Ptolemy's military defense and preservation of rule, a post-classical historical event.
1.6.6 4 historical high Ἀντίγονος δὲ Αἴγυπτον μὲν αἱρήσειν ἐκ τῶν παρόντων οὐδεμίαν ἔτι εἶχεν ἐλπίδα, Δημήτριον δὲ ἐπὶ Ῥοδίους στρατιᾷ πολλῇ καὶ ναυσὶν ἔστειλεν, ὡς εἴ οἱ προσγένοιτο ἡ νῆσος ὁρμητηρίῳ χρήσεσθαι πρὸς τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ἐλπίζων· Antigonus, having no further hope of capturing Egypt given the present circumstances, dispatched Demetrius with numerous troops and ships against Rhodes, hoping that, if the island were subdued, it could serve him as a base from which to attack the Egyptians. Refers to Antigonus and Demetrius' Hellenistic military campaign against Rhodes and Egypt, a post-500 BC historical event.
1.6.6 5 historical high ἀλλὰ αὐτοί τε οἱ Ῥόδιοι τολμήματα καὶ ἐπιτεχνήσεις παρέσχοντο ἐς τοὺς πολιορκοῦντας καὶ Πτολεμαῖός σφισιν ἐς ὅσον δυνάμεως ἧκε συνήρατο ἐς τὸν πόλεμον. However, the Rhodians themselves exhibited daring actions and devised ingenious stratagems against their besiegers, and Ptolemy as well contributed assistance to the extent of his abilities for their war. Refers to the Rhodians' defense of their city and Ptolemy's aid in a war, which is a historical event.
1.6.7 1 historical high Ἀντίγονος δὲ Ῥόδου τε ἁμαρτὼν καὶ Αἰγύπτου πρότερον, οὐ πολλῷ τούτων ὕστερον ἀντιτάξασθαι Λυσιμάχῳ τολμήσας καὶ Κασσάνδρῳ τε καὶ τῇ Σελεύκου στρατιᾷ, τῆς δυνάμεως ἀπώλεσε τὸ πολὺ καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπέθανε ταλαιπωρήσας μάλιστα τῷ μήκει τοῦ πρὸς Εὐμένη πολέμου. Antigonus, having earlier failed in Rhodes and Egypt, and not long afterward daring to oppose Lysimachus, Cassander, and Seleucus' army, lost most of his power and died himself, having been weakened especially by the length of the war against Eumenes. Refers to Antigonus, Lysimachus, Cassander, Seleucus, and Eumenes—Hellenistic historical figures and events after 500 BC.
1.6.7 2 historical high τῶν δὲ βασιλέων τῶν καθελόντων Ἀντίγονον ἀνοσιώτατον κρίνω γενέσθαι Κάσσανδρον, ὃς διʼ Ἀντιγόνου τὴν Μακεδόνων ἀρχὴν ἀνασωσάμενος πολεμήσων ἦλθεν ἐπʼ ἄνδρα εὐεργέτην. Of the kings who overthrew Antigonus I judge Cassander to have been the most impious, who, having regained through Antigonus the sovereignty of Macedon, nevertheless proceeded to wage war against a man who had been his benefactor. Refers to Cassander and Antigonus in Hellenistic history, after 500 BC.
1.6.8 1 historical high ἀποθανόντος δὲ Ἀντιγόνου Πτολεμαῖος Σύρους τε αὖθις καὶ Κύπρον εἷλε, κατήγαγε δὲ καὶ Πύρρον ἐς τὴν Θεσπρωτίδα ἤπειρον· Κυρήνης δὲ ἀποστάσης Μάγας Βερενίκης υἱὸς Πτολεμαίῳ τότε συνοικούσης ἔτει πέμπτῳ μετὰ τὴν ἀπόστασιν εἷλε Κυρήνην. After Antigonus died, Ptolemy again seized both Syria and Cyprus; he also brought back Pyrrhus to Thesprotian Epirus, and when Cyrene revolted, Magas, the son of Berenice, after this woman had married Ptolemy, captured Cyrene in the fifth year following its rebellion. Refers to Hellenistic political events involving Ptolemy, Pyrrhus, and Cyrene after 500 BC.
1.6.8 2 historical medium ---εἰ δὲ ὁ Πτολεμαῖος οὗτος ἀληθεῖ λόγῳ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου παῖς ἦν, ἴστω τὸ ἐπιμανὲς ἐς τὰς γυναῖκας κατὰ τὸν πατέρα κεκτημένος, ὃς Εὐρυδίκῃ τῇ Ἀντιπάτρου συνοικῶν ὄντων οἱ παίδων Βερενίκης ἐς ἔρωτα ἦλθεν, ἣν Ἀντίπατρος Εὐρυδίκῃ συνέπεμψεν ἐς Αἴγυπτον. Now, if this Ptolemy truly was a son of Philip, the son of Amyntas, he inherited from his father a notorious passion for women; for this father, while living with Eurydice, Antipater’s daughter, although children had been born to him by her, fell in love with Berenice, whom Antipater had sent off to Egypt together with Eurydice. Refers to Philip, Antipater, Eurydice, and Berenice in a dynastic/historical anecdote after 500 BC.
1.6.8 3 historical high ταύτης τῆς γυναικὸς ἐρασθεὶς παῖδας ἐξ αὐτῆς ἐποιήσατο, καὶ ὡς ἦν οἱ πλησίον ἡ τελευτή, Πτολεμαῖον ἀπέλιπεν Αἰγύπτου βασιλεύειν, ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ Ἀθηναίοις ἐστὶν ἡ φυλή, γεγονότα ἐκ Βερενίκης ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐκ τῆς Ἀντιπάτρου θυγατρός. Having become enamored of this woman, he fathered children with her as well, and when his end approached, he left Ptolemy, his son by her, to reign over Egypt; it was from this Ptolemy, the child of Berenice and not of Antipater’s daughter, that the Athenians derived the name of their tribe. Refers to Ptolemy and the Athenian tribe's name, a historical dynastic/genealogical note rather than myth.