Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 7.3

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
7.3.1 1 other high Κολοφώνιοι δὲ τὸ μὲν ἱερὸν τὸ ἐν Κλάρῳ καὶ τὸ μαντεῖον ἐκ παλαιοτάτου γενέσθαι νομίζουσιν· The Colophonians believe that the sanctuary and oracle at Claros are of very ancient origin. A belief about the antiquity of a sanctuary and oracle is antiquarian/descriptive, not a narrated mythic event or historical event.
7.3.1 2 mythic medium ἐχόντων δὲ ἔτι τὴν γῆν Καρῶν ἀφικέσθαι φασὶν ἐς αὐτὴν πρώτους τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ Κρῆτας, Ῥάκιον καὶ ὅσον εἵπετο ἄλλο τῷ Ῥακίῳ καὶ ὅσον ἔτι πλῆθος, ἔχον τὰ ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ καὶ ναυσὶν ἰσχῦον· They claim that while the land still belonged to the Carians, the Cretans were the first group of Greeks to arrive, namely Rhacius and those who followed him along with the numbers accompanying them; they held control over the coastal areas and were strong with ships. Aetiological claim about the first Greek arrival in Caria under Rhacius, framed as early legendary settlement.
7.3.1 3 other high τῆς δὲ χώρας τὴν πολλὴν ἐνέμοντο ἔτι οἱ Κᾶρες. The Carians still occupied most of the territory inland. Purely geographical/ethnographic description of who occupied the inland territory; no mythic or historical event.
7.3.1 4 mythic high Θερσάνδρου δὲ τοῦ Πολυνείκους καὶ Ἀργείων ἑλόντων Θήβας καὶ ἄλλοι τε αἰχμάλωτοι καὶ ἡ Μαντὼ τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι ἐκομίσθησαν ἐς Δελφούς· After Thersander, son of Polynices, and the Argives captured Thebes, captives, including Manto herself, were taken as offerings to Apollo and brought to Delphi. Refers to the capture of Thebes by Thersander and the Argives and the mythic figure Manto; this is a mythological event and its aftermath.
7.3.1 5 mythic high Τειρεσίαν δὲ κατὰ τὴν πορείαν τὸ χρεὼν ἐπέλαβεν ἐν τῇ Ἁλιαρτίᾳ. On the journey, Tiresias met his fated end at Haliartia. Tiresias is a mythic figure, and his death at Haliartia belongs to mythic narrative rather than historical events.
7.3.2 1 mythic high ἐκπέμψαντος δὲ σφᾶς ἐς ἀποικίαν τοῦ θεοῦ, περαιοῦνται ναυσὶν ἐς τὴν Ἀσίαν, καὶ ὡς κατὰ τὴν Κλάρον ἐγένοντο, ἐπεξίασιν αὐτοῖς οἱ Κρῆτες μετὰ ὅπλων καὶ ἀνάγουσιν ὡς τὸν Ῥάκιον· After the god had commanded them to set forth as colonists, they crossed by ships into Asia, and when they arrived near Claros, the Cretans came out against them in arms and led them to Rhacius. A god commands a colonial expedition and the route episode belongs to mythic colonization narrative.
7.3.2 2 mythic high ὁ δὲ---μανθάνει γὰρ παρὰ τῆς Μαντοῦς οἵτινές τε ἀνθρώπων ὄντες καὶ κατὰ αἰτίαν ἥντινα ἥκουσι--- λαμβάνει μὲν γυναῖκα τὴν Μαντώ, ποιεῖται δὲ καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτῇ συνοίκους. Now Rhacius—who learned from Manto who they were and for what reason they had come—took Manto as his wife and made her companions settlers with him. Manto and Rhacius belong to a mythic settlement narrative; the marriage and founding of companions as settlers are part of mythic colonization.
7.3.2 3 mythic high Μόψος δὲ ὁ Ῥακίου καὶ Μαντοῦς καὶ τὸ παράπαν τοὺς Κᾶρας ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς γῆς. Mopsus, the son of Rhacius and Manto, expelled the Carians entirely from the land. Mopsus is a mythic founder figure, and the expulsion of the Carians is a mythic event affecting settlement of the land.
7.3.3 1 historical medium Ἴωνες δὲ ὅρκους ποιησάμενοι πρὸς τοὺς ἐν Κολοφῶνι Ἕλληνας συνεπολιτεύοντο, οὐδὲν ἔχοντες πλέον· The Ionians made oaths and shared citizenship equally with the Greeks in Colophon, obtaining no advantage over them. Describes a political arrangement among Ionians and Greeks at Colophon, not a mythic event; it concerns historical civic relations.
7.3.3 2 mythic high βασιλείαν δὲ Ἰώνων ἡγεμόνες Δαμασίχθων λαμβάνει καὶ Πρόμηθος Κόδρου παῖδες. The leadership of the Ionian kingship was taken by Damasichthon and Promethus, the sons of Codrus. Refers to the succession of the Ionian kingship by the sons of Codrus, a mythic/heroic genealogy and narrative.
7.3.3 3 mythic high Πρόμηθος δὲ ὕστερον τὸν ἀδελφὸν Δαμασίχθονα ἀποκτείνας ἔφυγεν ἐς Νάξον, καὶ ἀπέθανε μὲν αὐτόθι ἐν τῇ Νάξῳ, τὸν νεκρὸν δὲ οἴκαδε ἀπαχθέντα κατεδέξαντο οἱ Δαμασίχθονοε παῖδες· Later, Promethus, having slain his brother Damasichthon, fled to Naxos, where he died on the island; his body was afterward brought back to his homeland and received by the sons of Damasichthon. Genealogical and heroic tale of Prometheus/Damasichthon; a mythic family killing and death on Naxos.
7.3.3 4 mythic high καὶ ἔνθα ὁ τοῦ Προμήθου τάφος, Πολυτειχίδες ὄνομά ἐστι τῷ χωρίῳ. The tomb of Promethus is located there, in a place called Polyteichides. Prometheus is a mythic figure, and the sentence identifies his tomb as a landscape marker.
7.3.4 1 historical high Κολοφωνίοις δὲ ὅπως μὲν τὴν πόλιν συνέπεσεν ἐρημωθῆναι, προεδήλωσέ μοι τοῦ λόγου τὰ ἐς Λυσίμαχον· As for how the city of Colophon happened to become desolate, I have already indicated this earlier in my account concerning Lysimachus. Describes Colophon becoming desolate through the actions of Lysimachus, a post-mythic historical event.
7.3.4 2 historical high ἐμαχέσαντο δὲ Λυσιμάχῳ καὶ Μακεδόσι Κολοφώνιοι τῶν ἀνοικισθέντων ἐς Ἔφεσον μόνοι, Of those who had been resettled into Ephesus, the people of Colophon alone fought against Lysimachus and the Macedonians. Refers to Lysimachus and Macedonians, an event in the Hellenistic historical period, not myth.
7.3.4 3 historical high τοῖς δὲ ἀποθανοῦσιν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ Κολοφωνίων τε αὐτῶν καὶ Σμυρναίων ἐστὶν ὁ τάφος ἰόντι ἐς Κλάρον ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ. The tomb of those who fell in this battle—both Colophonians themselves and Smyrnaeans—is located on the left-hand side of the road as one goes toward Claros. Refers to the tomb of combatants from a specific battle, a post-mythic historical event.
7.3.5 1 historical high Λεβεδίοις δὲ ἐποίησε μὲν Λυσίμαχος ἀνάστατον τὴν πόλιν, ἵνα δὴ συντέλεια ἐς μέγεθος τῇ Ἐφέσῳ γένοιτο· As for Lebedos, Lysimachus destroyed the city, compelling its inhabitants to leave, so that Ephesus might increase in size by the consolidation. Lysimachus is a Hellenistic historical ruler, and the sentence describes his destruction of Lebedos and its consolidation into Ephesus.
7.3.5 2 other high χώρα δέ σφισιν ἔς τε τὰ λοιπά ἐστιν εὐδαίμων καὶ λουτρὰ παρέχεται θερμὰ πλεῖστα τῶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ καὶ ἥδιστα. Yet the land remaining to them is prosperous in other respects, and provides hot springs in greater number and of greater pleasantness than any others on the coast. Purely geographical/descriptive: notes the prosperity of the land and the abundance of hot springs.
7.3.5 3 mythic high τὸ δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ τὴν Λέβεδον ἐνέμοντο οἱ Κᾶρες, ἐς ὃ Ἀνδραίμων σφᾶς ὁ Κόδρου καὶ Ἴωνες ἐλαύνουσι. At the beginning, the Carians inhabited Lebedos, until Andraemon, son of Codrus, and the Ionians expelled them. Involves Andraemon son of Codrus and the Ionian expulsion of Carians, a legendary settlement/traditional mythic account.
7.3.5 4 mythic high τῷ δὲ Ἀνδραίμονι ὁ τάφος ἐκ Κολοφῶνος ἰόντι ἐστὶν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ, διαβάντι τὸν Καλάοντα ποταμόν. The tomb of Andraemon is situated to the left on the road from Colophon after crossing the Calaon river. The tomb of Andraemon refers to a mythic hero; Pausanias treats such tombs as landscape markers tied to myth.
7.3.6 1 mythic high Τέων δὲ ᾤκουν μὲν Ὀρχομένιοι Μινύαι σὺν Ἀθάμαντι ἐς αὐτὴν ἐλθόντες· Teos was inhabited at first by Orchomenian Minyae who came there together with Athamas; Settlement by Minyae with Athamas is a mythic ethnographic origin story.
7.3.6 2 mythic high λέγεται δὲ ὁ Ἀθάμας οὗτος ἀπόγονος Ἀθάμαντος εἶναι τοῦ Αἰόλου. this Athamas is said to be a descendant of Athamas, the son of Aeolus. Genealogy of Athamas and Aeolus is mythic ancestry.
7.3.6 3 other high ἀναμεμιγμένοι μὲν τῷ Ἑλληνικῷ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἦσαν οἱ Κᾶρες· Here also the Carians were intermingled with the Greek population. Describes the ethnic composition of the population, a geographical/ethnographic detail rather than a mythic or historical event.
7.3.6 4 historical medium ἐσήγαγε δὲ Ἴωνας ἐς τὴν Τέων Ἄποικος ἀπόγονος Μελάνθου τέταρτος, ὃς τοῖς Ὀρχομενίοις οὐδὲ τοῖς Τηίοις νεώτερον ἐβούλευσεν οὐδέν. Later on, Apoikos, a fourth-generation descendant of Melanthus, brought Ionian settlers into Teos, though he planned no hostile action against either the Orchomenians or the original Teians. Apoikos is a later genealogical founder figure linked to an Ionian settlement of Teos, so this concerns post-Mythic colonization history rather than myth.
7.3.6 5 historical medium ἔτεσι δὲ οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον ἔκ τε Ἀθηναίων καὶ ἐκ Βοιωτίας ἀφίκοντο ἄνδρες· Only a few years afterward, men arrived from Athens and Boeotia; Refers to men arriving from Athens and Boeotia only a few years later, which is a post-500 BC historical movement rather than mythic material.
7.3.6 6 mythic high ἡγοῦντο δὲ τοῦ μὲν Ἀττικοῦ Δάμασος καὶ Νάοκλος Κόδρου παῖδες, τῶν δὲ Βοιωτῶν Γέρης Βοιωτός· leading the Attic contingent were Damasus and Naoclus, the sons of Codrus, while Geres the Boeotian was leader of the Boeotians. Names heroic descendants of Codrus and tribal leaders in a myth-historical setting.
7.3.6 7 historical medium καὶ σφᾶς συναμφοτέρους ὅ τε Ἄποικος καὶ οἱ Τήιοι συνοίκους ἐδέξαντο. Apoikos and the Teians welcomed both groups and agreed that they should settle among them. Describes a settlement arrangement involving named peoples, fitting post-mythic historical/antiquarian narrative rather than myth or geography.
7.3.7 1 mythic high Ἐρυθραῖοι δὲ τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἀφικέσθαι σὺν Ἐρύθρῳ τῷ Ῥαδαμάνθυός φασιν ἐκ Κρήτης καὶ οἰκιστὴν τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι τὸν Ἔρυθρον· The Erythraeans say that originally settlers came together with Erythrus, the son of Rhadamanthys, from Crete, and that Erythrus became their city's founder. Claims a legendary founder, Erythrus, son of Rhadamanthys, arriving from Crete; this is mythic origin tradition.
7.3.7 2 historical high ἐχόντων δὲ αὐτὴν ὁμοῦ τοῖς Κρησὶ Λυκίων καὶ Καρῶν τε καὶ Παμφύλων, Λυκίων μὲν κατὰ συγγένειαν τὴν Κρητῶν ---καὶ γὰρ οἱ Λύκιοι τὸ ἀρχαῖόν εἰσιν ἐκ Κρήτης, οἳ Σαρπηδόνι ὁμοῦ ἔφυγον---, Καρῶν δὲ κατὰ φιλίαν ἐκ παλαιοῦ πρὸς Μίνω, Παμφύλων δὲ ὅτι γένους μέτεστιν Ἑλληνικοῦ καὶ τούτοις---εἰσὶ γὰρ δὴ καὶ οἱ Πάμφυλοι τῶν μετὰ ἅλωσιν Ἰλίου πλανηθέντων σὺν Κάλχαντι---, τούτων τῶν κατειλεγμένων ἐχόντων Ἐρυθράς, Κλέοπος ὁ Κόδρου συλλέξας ἐξ ἁπασῶν τῶν ἐν Ἰωνίᾳ πόλεων ὅσους δὴ παρὰ ἑκάστων ἐπεισήγαγεν Ἐρυθραίοις συνοίκους. Later, when Lycians, Carians, and Pamphylians occupied the city along with the Cretans—Lycians due to their kinship with the Cretans (for the Lycians too originally came from Crete, those who fled together with Sarpedon); Carians because of their ancient friendship with Minos; and Pamphylians because they had a share of Greek ancestry (indeed, the Pamphylians are among those who, after the capture of Troy, wandered with Calchas)—while these aforementioned peoples were occupying Erythrae, Cleopus, the son of Codrus, gathered colonists from all the Ionian cities, bringing as many as he could from each, and introduced them as fellow inhabitants to the Erythraeans. Describes colonization of Erythrae by Cleopus son of Codrus, a post-heroic historical foundation account, though it includes mythic ancestry explanations.
7.3.8 1 historical medium Κλαζομενίοις δὲ καὶ Φωκαεῦσι, πρὶν μὲν ἢ Ἴωνας ἐς τὴν Ἀσίαν ἐλθεῖν, οὐκ ᾠκοῦντο αἱ πόλεις· But Clazomenae and Phocaea were not inhabited cities before the Ionians came into Asia. Refers to the Ionian migration into Asia, a semi-legendary/early historical settlement context rather than a landscape myth or mere description.
7.3.8 2 historical medium Ἰώνων δὲ ἀφικομένων μοῖρα ἐξ αὐτῶν πλανωμένη μετεπέμψατο ἡγεμόνα παρὰ Κολοφωνίων Πάρφορον, καὶ πόλιν κτίσαντες ὑπὸ τῇ Ἴδῃ τὴν μὲν οὐ μετὰ πολὺ ἐκλείπουσιν, ἐπανιόντες δὲ ἐς Ἰωνίαν Σκύππιον τῆς Κολοφωνίας ἔκτισαν. After the arrival of the Ionians, a wandering band among them summoned Parphorus, a leader from the Colophonians, and founded a city beneath Mount Ida; not long afterward they abandoned this settlement, and, upon returning to Ionia, they founded Scyppium in Colophonian territory. Describes the Ionian migration and later city-founding in Ionia, a post-mythic colonizing event rather than a mythic landscape episode.
7.3.9 1 historical high ἀπελθόντες δὲ ἑκουσίως καὶ ἐκ τῆς Κολοφωνίας, οὕτω γῆν τε ἔσχον, ἣν καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἔχουσι, καὶ κατεσκευάσαντο ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ Κλαζομενὰς πόλιν· Having departed voluntarily also from the territory of Colophon, they thus obtained the land which they still possess today, and founded on the mainland the city of Clazomenae. Describes the foundation of Clazomenae and acquisition of land, a historical/colonizing event rather than myth.
7.3.9 2 historical high ἐς δὲ τὴν νῆσον διέβησαν δὴ κατὰ τὸ Περσῶν δέος. Later, due to fear of the Persians, they crossed over onto the island. Refers to crossing onto the island because of fear of the Persians, a historical context linked to the Persian Wars.
7.3.9 3 historical high Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ἀνὰ χρόνον ἔμελλεν ὁ Φιλίππου χερρόνησον Κλαζομενὰς ἐργάσεσθαι χώματι ἐς τὴν νῆσον ἐκ τῆς ἠπείρου. In a later time, Alexander, son of Philip, was destined to turn Clazomenae into a peninsula by constructing a causeway from the mainland to the island. Refers to Alexander the Great and a later construction project, so it is post-500 BC historical material.
7.3.9 4 mythic high τούτων τῶν Κλαζομενίων τὸ πολὺ οὐκ Ἴωνες, Κλεωναῖοι δὲ ἦσαν καὶ ἐκ Φλιοῦντος, ὅσοι Δωριέων ἐς Πελοπόννησον κατελθόντων ἐξέλιπον τὰς πόλεις· Most of these Klazomenians were not Ionians but Cleonaeans and settlers from Phlius—those who departed from their cities at the time when the Dorians invaded the Peloponnesus. Refers to the Dorian invasion of the Peloponnesus, a mythic/legendary migration event shaping settlement origins.
7.3.10 1 other high οἱ δὲ Φωκαεῖς γένος μὲν τὸ ἀνέκαθέν εἰσιν ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ Παρνασσῷ καλουμένης καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι Φωκίδος, οἳ Φιλογένει καὶ Δάμωνι ὁμοῦ τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις διέβησαν ἐς τὴν Ἀσίαν. The Phocaeans were originally descended from that region beneath Parnassus which even down to our day is still called Phocis. Genealogical/origin note about the Phocaeans and the place-name Phocis, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
7.3.10 2 historical medium τὴν χώραν δὲ οὐ πολέμῳ, κατὰ δὲ ὁμολογίαν λαμβάνουσι παρὰ Κυμαίων· Ἰώνων δὲ οὐ δεχομένων σφᾶς ἐς Πανιώνιον πρὶν ἢ τοῦ γένους βασιλέας τοῦ Κοδριδῶν λάβωσιν, οὕτω παρὰ Ἐρυθραίων καὶ ἐκ Τέω Δεοίτην καὶ Πέρικλον λαμβάνουσι καὶ Ἄβαρτον. Together with the Athenians under Philogenes and Damon, they crossed over into Asia. Describes an alliance and military crossing involving named people and Greek poleis, which belongs to historical narrative rather than myth.