Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.14.1 | 1 | other | high | Φενεατῶν δὲ τὸ πεδίον κεῖται μὲν ὑπὸ ταῖς Καρυαῖς, | The plain of Pheneus lies below Caryae. | Purely geographical description of the location of the plain of Pheneus relative to Caryae. |
| 8.14.1 | 2 | mythic | high | πλεονάσαντος δέ ποτε αὐτῷ τοῦ ὕδατος κατακλυσθῆναί φασι τὴν ἀρχαίαν Φενεόν, ὥστε καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν σημεῖα ἐλείπετο ἐπὶ τῶν ὀρῶν ἐς ἃ ἐπαναβῆναι τὸ ὕδωρ λέγουσι. | They say that when its waters once became too abundant, the ancient city of Pheneus was flooded, so that even in our own days the marks could still be seen on the mountains to which, it is said, the water reached. | Flooding of ancient Pheneus is attributed to waters and leaves landscape marks from a legendary inundation. |
| 8.14.1 | 3 | other | high | Καρυῶν δὲ στάδια πέντε ἀφέστηκεν ἥ τε Ὄρυξις καλουμένη καὶ ἕτερον ὄρος Σκίαθις· | About five stades from Caryae stands the mountain called Oryxis, and another mountain called Sciathis. | Purely geographical description of nearby mountains and distance from Caryae; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.14.1 | 4 | other | high | ὑφʼ ἑκατέρῳ δέ ἐστι τῷ ὄρει βάραθρον τὸ ὕδωρ καταδεχόμενον τὸ ἐκ τοῦ πεδίου. | At the foot of each mountain there is a chasm, into which the water from the plain flows down. | Purely geographical description of a chasm at the mountain foot and water flowing from the plain. |
| 8.14.2 | 1 | mythic | high | τὰ δὲ βάραθρα οἱ Φενεᾶται ταῦτά φασιν εἶναι χειροποίητα, ποιῆσαι δὲ αὐτὰ Ἡρακλέα τηνικαῦτα ἐν Φενεῷ παρὰ Λαονόμῃ τῇ Ἀμφιτρύωνος μητρὶ οἰκοῦντα· | The pits, the Pheneatians say, were made by hand; they assert that Heracles constructed them during the time when he was living in Pheneus with Laonome, the mother of Amphitryon. | Attributes the pits' creation to Heracles, a mythic hero, and explains a landscape feature by mythic action. |
| 8.14.2 | 2 | mythic | high | γενέσθαι γὰρ Ἀμφιτρύωνα ἐκ Λαονόμης Ἀλκαίῳ τῆς Γούνεω, γυναικὸς Φενεάτιδος, καὶ οὐκ ἐκ τῆς Πέλοπος Λυσιδίκης. | For they state that Amphitryon was born to Alcaeus, son of Guneus, by Laonome, who was a woman of Pheneus, and not by Lysidice, who was the daughter of Pelops. | This is a genealogical detail about Amphitryon and his parentage within heroic myth. |
| 8.14.2 | 3 | mythic | high | εἰ δὲ Ἡρακλῆς ἀληθεῖ λόγῳ παρὰ τοὺς Φενεάτας μετῴκησε, πείθοιτο ἄν τις διωχθέντα ἐκ Τίρυνθος ὑπὸ Εὐρυσθέως αὐτὸν οὐκ αὐτίκα ἐς Θήβας, πρότερον δὲ ἐς Φενεὸν ἀφικέσθαι. | Now if Heracles truly resided among the Pheneatians, one might reasonably suppose that after being driven out from Tiryns by Eurystheus he did not immediately go to Thebes, but came first to Pheneus. | Heracles and Eurystheus are mythic figures; the sentence concerns a mythic itinerary after Heracles was driven from Tiryns. |
| 8.14.3 | 1 | mythic | high | διὰ μέσου δὲ ὤρυξεν Ἡρακλῆς τοῦ Φενεατῶν πεδίου ἔλυτρον, ῥεῦμα εἶναι τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ Ὀλβίῳ, ὅν τινα Ἀροάνιον Ἀρκάδων καλοῦσιν ἕτεροι καὶ οὐκ Ὄλβιον· | Heracles dug a channel through the middle of the plain of Pheneus, to provide an outlet for the river Olbios—whom some of the Arcadians call Aroanius rather than Olbios. | Heracles digging a channel is a mythic deed explaining the landscape. |
| 8.14.3 | 2 | other | high | μῆκος μὲν τοῦ ὀρύγματος στάδιοι πεντήκοντά εἰσι, βάθος δέ, ὅσον μὴ πεπτωκός ἐστιν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐς τριάκοντα καθήκει πόδας. | The length of this excavation is fifty stadia, and its depth, where it has not collapsed, reaches up to thirty feet. | Purely descriptive measurement of an excavation; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.14.3 | 3 | mythic | high | οὐ μὴν ταύτῃ γε ἔτι κάτεισιν ὁ ποταμός, ἀλλὰ ἐς τὸ ῥεῦμα ἀπεχώρησεν αὖθις τὸ ἀρχαῖον, καταλιπὼν ἔλυτρον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τὸ ἔργον. | However, the river no longer flows through this channel, but has reverted again to its original course, leaving behind the channel as evidence of the labor of Heracles. | The river channel is explicitly presented as a trace of Heracles’ labor, i.e. a mythic event affecting the landscape. |
| 8.14.4 | 1 | other | high | τῶν βαράθρων δὲ τῶν ἐν τοῖς εἰρημένοις πεποιημένων ὄρεσιν ἀπωτέρω πεντήκοντά που σταδίοις ἐστὶν ἡ πόλις· | About fifty stades away from the chasms formed in the mountains I have mentioned lies the city. | Purely geographical distance and location of the city relative to natural chasms. |
| 8.14.4 | 2 | other | high | οἰκιστὴν δὲ οἱ Φενεᾶται λέγουσιν ἄνδρα αὐτόχθονα εἶναι Φενεόν. | According to the Pheneatians, their founder was an indigenous man named Pheneus. | A local foundation claim about an indigenous founder is antiquarian/genealogical, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.14.4 | 3 | other | high | ἔστι δέ σφισιν ἀκρόπολις ἀπότομος πανταχόθεν, τὰ μὲν πολλὰ ἔχουσα οὕτως, ὀλίγα δὲ αὐτῆς καὶ ὠχυρώσαντο ὑπὲρ ἀσφαλείας. | Their citadel stands steep on all sides; in most places, this natural steepness suffices as a defense, though in a few spots they have additionally fortified it for safety. | Describes the citadel's physical steepness and fortification, a geographic/defensive detail rather than a mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.14.4 | 4 | other | high | ἐνταῦθα ἐν τῇ ἀκροπόλει ναός ἐστιν Ἀθηνᾶς ἐπίκλησιν Τριτωνίας, ἐρείπια δὲ ἐλείπετο αὐτοῦ μόνα· | Within the acropolis there is a temple of Athena, surnamed Tritonia, of which only ruins remained. | Describes a temple and its ruined state as present topography/antiquarian observation, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.14.5 | 1 | other | high | καὶ Ποσειδῶν χαλκοῦς ἕστηκεν ἐπωνυμίαν Ἵππιος, ἀναθεῖναι δὲ τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος Ὀδυσσέα ἔφασαν· | There is also a bronze statue of Poseidon, surnamed Hippios ("Horse God"). | Purely descriptive notice of a bronze statue and epithet; no event or dated history. |
| 8.14.5 | 2 | mythic | high | ἀπολέσθαι γὰρ ἵππους τῷ Ὀδυσσεῖ, καὶ αὐτὸν γῆν τὴν Ἑλλάδα κατὰ ζήτησιν ἐπιόντα τῶν ἵππων ἱδρύσασθαι μὲν ἱερὸν ἐνταῦθα Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Εὑρίππαν ὀνομάσαι τὴν θεόν, ἔνθα τῆς Φενεατικῆς χώρας εὗρε τὰς ἵππους, ἀναθεῖναι δὲ καὶ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦ Ἱππίου. | They say that Odysseus dedicated this image of Poseidon. | Odysseus is a mythic hero, and the sentence concerns his dedications and actions in a mythic setting. |
| 8.14.6 | 1 | mythic | high | τῷ δὲ Ὀδυσσεῖ λέγουσιν εὑρόντι τὰς ἵππους γενέσθαι οἱ κατὰ γνώμην ἐν χώρᾳ τῇ Φενεατῶν ἔχειν ἵππους, καθάπερ γε καὶ τὰς βοῦς ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ τῆς Ἰθάκης ἀπαντικρὺ τρέφειν αὐτόν· | They say that when Odysseus discovered the mares, he decided it would be best to keep them in the territory of the Pheneatians, just as he pastured his cattle on the mainland opposite Ithaca. | Odysseus is a mythic figure, and the sentence describes his actions and livestock in a legendary setting. |
| 8.14.6 | 2 | mythic | high | καί μοι καὶ γράμματα οἱ Φενεᾶται παρείχοντο ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀγάλματος γεγραμμένα τῷ βάθρῳ, τοῦ Ὀδυσσέως δή τι πρόσταγμα τοῖς ποιμαίνουσι τὰς ἵππους. | The Pheneatians even showed me an inscription upon the base of the statue, which was a certain injunction from Odysseus himself, addressed to those tending the horses. | Refers to Odysseus and an inscription attributed to him, so it belongs with mythic material rather than historical or descriptive geography. |
| 8.14.7 | 1 | other | high | τὰ μὲν δὴ ἄλλα ἑπομένοις ἡμῖν τῷ Φενεατῶν λόγῳ εἰκὸς προσέσται, τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα Ὀδυσσέα ἀναθεῖναι τὸ χαλκοῦν οὐκ ἔχω πείθεσθαί σφισιν· | Now all the rest of the account provided by the people of Pheneus is likely believable to those who follow my narrative; but I cannot accept their assertion about the dedication of a bronze statue by Odysseus. | A skeptical remark about a claimed dedication; it is not narrating a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.14.7 | 2 | other | high | οὐ γάρ πω τότε τοῦ χαλκοῦ τὰ ἀγάλματα διὰ παντὸς ἠπίσταντο ἐργάσασθαι καθάπερ ἐσθῆτα ἐξυφαίνοντες. | For at that time they did not yet possess comprehensive skill in making statues of bronze, as one might weave clothing. | Describes an antiquarian observation about early bronze-working skill, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.14.7 | 3 | other | high | τρόπον δὲ ὅστις ἦν αὐτοῖς ἐς τὰ χαλκᾶ ἐργασίας, ἔδειξεν ἤδη μοι τοῦ ἐς Σπαρτιάτας λόγου τὰ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀγάλματος τοῦ Ὑπάτου Διός. | The method of bronze-work available to them at that period I have already pointed out in my discussion of Sparta concerning the statue of Zeus Hypatus. | Technical antiquarian remark about bronze-working and a cross-reference to earlier discussion; not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.14.8 | 1 | other | high | διέχεαν δὲ χαλκὸν πρῶτοι καὶ ἀγάλματα ἐχωνεύσαντο Ῥοῖκός τε Φιλαίου καὶ Θεόδωρος Τηλεκλέους Σάμιοι. | The Samians Rhoecus, son of Philaeus, and Theodorus, son of Telecles, were the first to cast bronze and to pour statues. | Antiquarian notice about early bronze casting and named craftsmen; not a mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.14.8 | 2 | historical | high | Θεοδώρου δὲ ἔργον ἦν καὶ ἡ ἐπὶ τοῦ λίθου τῆς σμαράγδου σφραγίς, ἣν Πολυκράτης ὁ Σάμου τυραννήσας ἐφόρει τε τὰ μάλιστα καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῇ περισσῶς δή τι ἠγάλλετο. | The work of Theodorus also was the engraved emerald seal set in gold which Polycrates, who ruled as tyrant of Samos, customarily wore and upon which he took particularly great pride. | Mentions Polycrates, a named historical tyrant of Samos, and his personal possession; no mythic content. |
| 8.14.9 | 1 | mythic | high | Φενεατῶν δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως καταβαίνοντι ἔστι μὲν στάδιον, ἔστι δὲ ἐπὶ λόφου μνῆμα Ἰφικλέους ἀδελφοῦ τε Ἡρακλέους καὶ Ἰολάου πατρός. | As one descends from the acropolis of the Pheneatians, there is a stadium, and upon a hill is the tomb of Iphikles, brother of Heracles and father of Iolaus. | The sentence identifies the tomb of Iphicles, a figure from Heracles' mythic family, so it belongs to mythic topography. |
| 8.14.9 | 2 | mythic | high | Ἰόλαον μὲν δὴ τὰ πολλὰ Ἡρακλεῖ συγκάμνειν λέγουσιν Ἕλληνες· | All Greeks indeed agree that, for the most part, Iolaus shared in the labors of Heracles. | Refers to Heracles and Iolaus sharing in the hero's labors, a mythic event. |
| 8.14.9 | 3 | mythic | high | Ἰφικλῆς δὲ ὁ Ἰολάου πατήρ, ἡνίκα ἐμαχέσατο Ἡρακλῆς πρὸς Ἠλείους τε καὶ Αὐγέαν τὴν προτέραν μάχην, τότε ὑπὸ τῶν παίδων ἐτρώθη τῶν Ἄκτορος, καλουμένων δὲ ἀπὸ Μολίνης τῆς μητρός. | But Iphikles, father of Iolaus, when Heracles fought his earlier battle against the Eleans and Augeas, was then wounded by the sons of Actor, who were called after their mother Molione. | Refers to Heracles' battle with Augeas and the Eleans, a mythic episode affecting the narrative context. |
| 8.14.9 | 4 | mythic | medium | καὶ ἤδη κάμνοντα κομίζουσιν οἱ προσήκοντες ἐς Φενεόν· | When he lay wounded, his relatives carried him to Pheneus. | The wounded man being carried to Pheneus is part of a mythic narrative and concerns its aftermath in the landscape. |
| 8.14.9 | 5 | mythic | high | ἐνταῦθα ἀνὴρ Φενεάτης αὐτὸν Βουφάγος καὶ ἡ τοῦ Βουφάγου γυνὴ Πρώμνη περιεῖπόν τε εὖ καὶ ἀποθανόντα ἐκ τοῦ τραύματος ἔθαψαν. | There a man of Pheneus named Bouphagos, along with Bouphagos' wife, Promne, tended him kindly, and when he died from his wound, they buried him. | Bouphagos and Promne are mythic figures in an episode involving a wound and burial, not a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.14.10 | 1 | other | high | Ἰφικλεῖ μὲν δὴ καὶ ἐς τόδε ἔτι ἐναγίζουσιν ὡς ἥρωι, θεῶν δὲ τιμῶσιν Ἑρμῆν Φενεᾶται μάλιστα καὶ ἀγῶνα ἄγουσιν Ἕρμαια, καὶ ναός ἐστιν Ἑρμοῦ σφισι καὶ ἄγαλμα λίθου· τοῦτο ἐποίησεν ἀνὴρ Ἀθηναῖος Εὔχειρ Εὐβουλίδου. | Even now they continue offering sacrifices to Iphikles as to a hero, and among the gods the Pheneatians honor Hermes most especially and celebrate a contest called the Hermaia; there is a temple of Hermes among them, and a stone statue made by an Athenian named Eucheir, son of Euboulides. | Describes cult practice, sanctuary, statue, and local festival/ritual rather than a mythic episode or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.14.10 | 2 | mythic | high | ὄπισθεν δέ ἐστι τοῦ ναοῦ τάφος Μυρτίλου. | Behind this temple is the tomb of Myrtilus. | The tomb of Myrtilus is a mythic landmark associated with a mythological figure. |
| 8.14.10 | 3 | mythic | high | τοῦτον Ἑρμοῦ παῖδα εἶναι τὸν Μυρτίλον λέγουσιν Ἕλληνες, ἡνιοχεῖν δὲ αὐτὸν Οἰνομάῳ· καὶ ὁπότε ἀφίκοιτό τις μνώμενος τοῦ Οἰνομάου τὴν θυγατέρα, ὁ μὲν ἠπείγετο ὁ Μυρτίλος σὺν τέχνῃ τοῦ Οἰνομάου τὰς ἵππους, ὁ δὲ ἐν τῷ δρόμῳ τὸν μνηστῆρα, ὁπότε ἐγγὺς γένοιτο, κατηκόντιζεν. | The Greeks say that Myrtilus was the son of Hermes and served as charioteer to Oenomaus; whenever someone arrived seeking marriage to the daughter of Oenomaus, Myrtilus would cunningly delay the horses of Oenomaus, and during the course of the race, Oenomaus would hurl his spear against the suitor whenever he drew near. | Mythic genealogy and the Oenomaus-Pelops chariot-race episode. |
| 8.14.11 | 1 | mythic | high | Ἱπποδαμείας δὲ ἤρα μὲν καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ Μυρτίλος, ἐς δὲ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἀτόλμως ἔχων ὑπεῖκε καὶ ἡνιόχει τῷ Οἰνομάῳ. | Myrtilus himself was in love with Hippodameia, yet feeling hesitant about entering the contest, he yielded and served as charioteer to Oenomaus. | Refers to Myrtilus, Hippodameia, and Oenomaus, figures in the mythic contest at Olympia. |
| 8.14.11 | 2 | mythic | high | τέλος δὲ καὶ ἀναφανῆναι τοῦ Οἰνομάου προδότην φασὶν αὐτὸν ὑπαχθέντα ὅρκοις, ὥς οἱ νύκτα ὁ Πέλοψ μίαν Ἱπποδαμείᾳ συγγενέσθαι παρήσει. | Ultimately, they say, he was persuaded by vows to betray Oenomaus, for Pelops pledged to allow him to lie with Hippodameia for one night. | Refers to Pelops, Hippodameia, and Oenomaus, a mythic betrayal in the Pelops story. |
| 8.14.11 | 3 | mythic | high | ἀναμιμνήσκοντα οὖν τῶν ὅρκων ὁ Πέλοψ ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς νεώς· | However, reminding Pelops thereafter of the promised oath, he was cast from the ship by him. | Pelops is a mythic figure, and the sentence describes an episode in his mythic story. |
| 8.14.11 | 4 | mythic | high | Φενεᾶται δὲ τοῦ Μυρτίλου τὸν νεκρὸν ἐκβληθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ κλύδωνος λέγουσιν ἀνελόμενοι θάψαι, καὶ νύκτωρ κατὰ ἔτος ἐναγίζουσιν αὐτῷ. | The Pheneatians say his body, after being washed ashore by the waves, was recovered and buried by them; and every year they offer nocturnal sacrifices to his spirit. | Mythic figure Myrtilus and ritual burial/annual nocturnal sacrifices are consequences of a mythic event. |
| 8.14.12 | 1 | mythic | high | ἔστι δὲ ὁ Πέλοψ δῆλος οὐ πολλήν τινα παραπλεύσας θάλασσαν, ἀλλὰ ὅσον ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ τῶν ἐκβολῶν ἐς τὸ ἐπίνειον τὸ Ἠλείων. | Pelops is plainly known to have crossed not a very great stretch of sea, but only such distance as lies from the mouth of the Alpheios to the harbor serving the Eleans. | Pelops is a mythic figure, and the sentence concerns his legendary seaborne crossing and its route. |
| 8.14.12 | 2 | other | high | οὐκ ἂν οὖν τό γε πέλαγος τὸ Μυρτῷον ἀπὸ Μυρτίλου τοῦ Ἑρμοῦ φαίνοιτο κεκλημένον, ἀρχόμενόν τε ἀπὸ Εὐβοίας καὶ παρʼ Ἑλένην ἔρημον νῆσον καθῆκον ἐς τὸ Αἰγαῖον· | Thus, the Myrtoan Sea could not reasonably be said to take its name from Myrtilus, son of Hermes, since it begins from Euboea and extends past the desert isle of Helene into the Aegean. | Geographical description of the Myrtoan Sea’s extent; it explicitly rejects a mythic etymology rather than narrating myth or history. |
| 8.14.12 | 3 | other | high | ἀλλά μοι δοκοῦσιν Εὐβοέων οἱ τὰ ἀρχαῖα μνημονεύοντες εἰκότα εἰρηκέναι, λέγοντες ἀπὸ γυναικὸς Μυρτοῦς τῷ πελάγει γεγονέναι τὸ ὄνομα τῷ Μυρτῴῳ. | Instead, it seems to me that those Euboeans who have preserved ancient traditions speak plausibly in asserting that the name "Myrtoan" was given to the sea from a woman named Myrto. | Antiquarian etymology about a place-name from local tradition, not a mythic event or post-500 BC history. |