Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 8.15

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
8.15.1 1 other high Φενεάταις δὲ καὶ Δήμητρός ἐστιν ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Ἐλευσινίας, καὶ ἄγουσι τῇ θεῷ τελετήν, τὰ Ἐλευσῖνι δρώμενα καὶ παρὰ σφίσι τὰ αὐτὰ φάσκοντες καθεστηκέναι· The Pheneatians have also a sanctuary of Demeter surnamed Eleusinian, and they celebrate mysteries in honor of the goddess, asserting that this rite established among them is the same as that performed at Eleusis. Describes a sanctuary and local ritual practice, not a specific mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
8.15.1 2 mythic high ἀφικέσθαι γὰρ αὐτοῖς Ναὸν κατὰ μάντευμα ἐκ Δελφῶν, τρίτον δὲ ἀπόγονον Εὐμόλπου τοῦτον εἶναι τὸν Ναόν. For according to an oracle from Delphi, Naos came to them, who they claim was the great-grandson of Eumolpus. An oracle from Delphi and descent from Eumolpus place this in mythic genealogical tradition.
8.15.1 3 other high παρὰ δὲ τῆς Ἐλευσινίας τὸ ἱερὸν πεποίηται Πέτρωμα καλούμενον, λίθοι δύο ἡρμοσμένοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους μεγάλοι. Beside the sanctuary of Eleusinian Demeter stands a structure called Petroma ("the Rock"), which is formed by two large stones fitted together. Purely descriptive topography/architecture: identifies a sanctuary structure and its physical form, with no mythic or historical event.
8.15.2 1 other high ἄγοντες δὲ παρὰ ἔτος ἥντινα τελετὴν μείζονα ὀνομάζουσι, τοὺς λίθους τούτους τηνικαῦτα ἀνοίγουσι· Each year, when performing what they call the Greater Rite, they then open these stones. Describes a ritual practice and the opening of stones, which is antiquarian/descriptive rather than mythic or historical.
8.15.2 2 other high λαβόντες δὲ γράμματα ἐξ αὐτῶν ἔχοντα ἐς τὴν τελετὴν καὶ ἀναγνόντες ἐς ἐπήκοον τῶν μυστῶν, κατέθεντο ἐν νυκτὶ αὖθις τῇ αὐτῇ. Taking out from within them writings intended for the ceremony, they read them aloud in the hearing of the initiates, and then place them back in the same night. Describes ritual procedure and handling of writings in a mystery ceremony, not a mythic event or historical event after 500 BC.
8.15.2 3 other high Φενεατῶν δὲ οἶδα τοὺς πολλοὺς καὶ ὀμνύντας ὑπὲρ μεγίστων τῷ Πετρώματι. I also know that most of the Pheneatians swear by the Petroma in their most solemn oaths. Describes a local oath practice and cult object, not a mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
8.15.3 1 mythic high καὶ ἐπίθημα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ περιφερές ἐστιν, ἔχον ἐντὸς Δήμητρος πρόσωπον Κιδαρίας· Upon it is a circular covering, which contains within it the mask of Demeter called Kidaria. The sentence describes a cult object containing the mask of Demeter, a mythic goddess, so it belongs with mythic/religious material.
8.15.3 2 mythic high τοῦτο ὁ ἱερεὺς περιθέμενος τὸ πρόσωπον ἐν τῇ μείζονι καλουμένῃ τελετῇ ῥάβδοις κατὰ λόγον δή τινα τοὺς ὑποχθονίους παίει. In the greater rite, as it is called, the priest places this mask upon himself and strikes the subterranean deities with rods, according, it seems, to a certain ritual tradition. Describes a ritual action directed at subterranean deities, which belongs to mythic/religious tradition rather than historical narrative.
8.15.3 3 mythic high Φενεατῶν δέ ἐστι λόγος, καὶ πρὶν ἢ Ναὸν ἀφικέσθαι γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα Δήμητρα πλανωμένην· ὅσοι δὲ Φενεατῶν οἴκῳ τε καὶ ξενίοις ἐδέξαντο αὐτήν, τούτοις τὰ ὄσπρια ἡ θεὸς τὰ ἄλλα, κύαμον δὲ οὐκ ἔδωκέ σφισι. According to a legend of the Pheneatians, Demeter also wandered to this place before she arrived at Naos; those among the Pheneatians who received the goddess into their homes and as a guest were given by her all the pulses except the bean. Describes Demeter's wandering and a divine gift, which are mythic events affecting local tradition.
8.15.4 1 other high κύαμον μὲν οὖν ἐφʼ ὅτῳ μὴ καθαρὸν εἶναι νομίζουσιν ὄσπριον, ἔστιν ἱερὸς ἐπʼ αὐτῷ λόγος· For the reason why beans are considered an impure vegetable there exists a sacred account. Introduces a sacred account explaining a custom; this is antiquarian/religious explanation rather than a mythic event or historical event.
8.15.4 2 mythic high οἱ δὲ τῷ Φενεατῶν λόγῳ δεξάμενοι τὴν θεόν, Τρισαύλης καὶ Δαμιθάλης, ἐποιήσαντο μὲν Δήμητρος ναὸν Θεσμίας ὑπὸ τῷ ὄρει τῇ Κυλλήνῃ, κατεστήσαντο δὲ αὐτῇ καὶ τελετήν, ἥντινα καὶ νῦν ἄγουσιν. But those who, according to the tradition of the Pheneatians, once received the goddess, namely Trisaules and Damithales, constructed a temple to Demeter Thesmia beneath Mount Cyllene, and also established rites in her honor, which they celebrate to this very day. Founding a Demeter temple and rites is tied to the goddess's reception and cult origin story, which Pausanias treats as mythic aetiology.
8.15.4 3 other high ὁ δὲ ναὸς οὗτος τῆς Θεσμίας σταδίους πέντε μάλιστά που καὶ δέκα ἐστὶν ἀπωτέρω τῆς πόλεως. This temple of Thesmia is situated roughly fifteen stades from the city. A simple geographic location of a temple relative to the city; no mythic or historical event.
8.15.5 1 other high ἐς δὲ Πελλήνην ἐκ Φενεοῦ καὶ ἐς Αἴγειραν ἰόντι Ἀχαιῶν πόλιν, πέντε που προεληλυθότι καὶ δέκα σταδίους, Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστι Πυθίου ναός· On the road from Pheneus toward Pellene and Aigeira (a city belonging to the Achaeans), at approximately fifteen stadia along, there stands a sanctuary of Apollo Pythios. Purely topographical and descriptive routing information identifying a sanctuary along the road.
8.15.5 2 other high ἐρείπια δὲ ἐλείπετο αὐτοῦ μόνα καὶ βωμὸς μέγας λίθου λευκοῦ. Only ruins remain there, along with a great altar of white stone. Describes surviving ruins and an altar as present-day topography/antiquarian remains, not a mythic or post-500 BC event.
8.15.5 3 mythic high ἐνταῦθα ἔτι καὶ νῦν Ἀπόλλωνι Φενεᾶται καὶ Ἀρτέμιδι θύουσιν, Ἡρακλέα ἑλόντα Ἦλιν τὸ ἱερὸν λέγοντες ποιῆσαι. Even today at this place, the people of Pheneus still make sacrifices to Apollo and Artemis, claiming that Heracles built this sanctuary after his victory over Elis. Attributes the sanctuary’s founding to Heracles after a mythic victory, and the sacrifices preserve that mythic aetiology.
8.15.5 4 mythic high ἔστι δὲ αὐτόθι καὶ ἡρώων μνήματα, ὅσοι σὺν Ἡρακλεῖ στρατείας ἐπὶ Ἠλείους μετασχόντες οὐκ ἀπεσώθησαν οἴκαδε ἐκ τῆς μάχης. There are also monuments of heroes there, dedicated to those who joined Heracles in his campaign against the Eleans but did not survive to return home from the battle. Refers to Heracles' campaign and memorials for companions who died in that mythic expedition.
8.15.6 1 mythic high τέθαπται δὲ Τελαμὼν ἐγγύτατα τοῦ ποταμοῦ τοῦ Ἀροανίου, ἀπωτέρω μικρὸν ἢ ἔστι τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος, Χαλκώδων δὲ οὐ πόρρω κρήνης καλουμένης Οἰνόης. Telamon is buried very near the river Aroanius, slightly further away than the sanctuary of Apollo, and Chalkodon lies not far from a spring called Oinoe. Burial sites of Telamon and Chalkodon are tied to mythic figures and their landscape markers.
8.15.6 2 mythic high τὸν μὲν δὴ Ἐλεφήνορος τοῦ Εὐβοεῦσιν ἐς Ἴλιον ἡγησαμένου καὶ τὸν Αἴαντός τε καὶ Τεύκρου, τούτων μὲν τοὺς πατέρας οὐκ ἀποδέξαιτο ἄν τις ἐν τούτῳ πεσεῖν τῷ ἀγῶνι· Now Elephenor, who led the Euboeans to Troy, and Ajax and Teucer—no one could suppose that their fathers fell in this battle. Refers to Elephenor, Ajax, and Teucer and their Trojan War context, which is mythic.
8.15.6 3 mythic high πῶς μὲν γὰρ ἂν συνεπελάβετο Ἡρακλεῖ τοῦ ἔργου Χαλκώδων, ὃν πρότερον ἔτι ἀποκτεῖναι Ἀμφιτρύωνα καὶ μαρτυρεῖται καὶ πιστεύειν ἄξιά ἐστιν ἐν Θήβαις; For how could Chalkodon have cooperated with Heracles in his undertaking, when it is attested—and the testimony from Thebes is worthy of belief—that Amphitryon had already killed him earlier? Refers to Heracles, Amphitryon, and Chalkodon in a mythic narrative about earlier legendary killing.
8.15.7 1 mythic high πῶς δὲ Τεῦκρος ᾤκισεν ἂν Σαλαμῖνα ἐν Κύπρῳ πόλιν, μηδενὸς ὡς ἀνέστρεψεν ἐκ Τροίας ἐκβαλόντος ἐκ τῆς οἰκείας; Indeed, how could Teucer have founded the city of Salamis in Cyprus if no one expelled him from his homeland when he returned from Troy? Teucer’s return from Troy and foundation of Salamis are mythic foundation traditions.
8.15.7 2 mythic high τίς δʼ ἂν ἐξήλασεν ἄλλος πλὴν ὁ Τελαμὼν αὐτόν; And who else could have expelled him other than Telamon himself? Refers to Telamon and an expulsion tied to heroic mythic narrative.
8.15.7 3 mythic high δῆλα οὖν ἐστι Χαλκώδοντα οὐ τὸν ἐξ Εὐβοίας καὶ Τελαμῶνα οὐ τὸν Αἰγινήτην ἐπὶ Ἠλείους Ἡρακλεῖ μετεσχηκέναι τῆς στρατείας· Thus it is clear that neither Chalkodon of Euboea nor Telamon of Aegina took part in Heracles' expedition against Elis. Mentions Heracles' expedition, a mythic event and its participants.
8.15.7 4 other high ὁμώνυμοι δὲ ἐπιφανέσιν ἄνδρες ἀφανέστεροι καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἔτι καὶ τὸν ἅπαντα ἐγίνοντο ὁμοίως χρόνον. Rather, men less celebrated happened to share the same names as notable figures, then as now, and indeed at all times. A general antiquarian remark about people sharing names, with no mythic or historical event.
8.15.8 1 other high Φενεάταις δὲ πρὸς τὸ Ἀχαϊκὸν τὸ ὅμορον οὐ καθʼ ἓν ὅροι τῆς γῆς εἰσιν, ἀλλὰ πρὸς μὲν Πελλήνην ὁ καλούμενος Πωρίνας, πρὸς δὲ τὴν Αἰγειρᾶτιν †τὸ ἐπʼ Ἄρτεμιν. The Pheneatians do not share a common boundary line with the neighboring territory of Achaea. Purely geographical boundary description, with no mythic or historical event.
8.15.8 2 other high ἐν δὲ αὐτῶν Φενεατῶν τῇ χώρᾳ μετὰ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Πυθίου προήξεις τε οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ καὶ ἐντὸς ἔσῃ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος ἀγούσης τὴν Κρᾶθιν. Instead, on the side toward Pellene is a place called Porinas, while toward Aegeira is the district called "to Artemis." Purely topographical and route description of local districts and roads, with no mythic or historical event.
8.15.9 1 other high ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ὄρει τοῦ ποταμοῦ τοῦ Κράθιδός εἰσιν αἱ πηγαί· ῥεῖ δὲ ἐς θάλασσαν παρὰ Αἰγάς, ἔρημον τὰ ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ χωρίον, τὰ δὲ παλαιότερα Ἀχαιῶν πόλιν. On this mountain are the springs of the river Krathis, which flows into the sea near Aegae—a place deserted in my time, but formerly a city of the Achaeans. Purely geographical and descriptive: identifies river springs, course, and a deserted former city.
8.15.9 2 other high ἀπὸ τούτου δὲ καλεῖται τοῦ Κράθιδος καὶ ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ ποταμὸς ἐν γῇ τῇ Βρεττίων· From this Krathis, a river in Italy, too, in the land of the Brettians, takes its name. Geographical etymology of a river name; no mythic or historical event.
8.15.9 3 other high ἐν δὲ τῇ Κράθιδι τῷ ὄρει Πυρωνίας ἱερόν ἐστιν Ἀρτέμιδος, καὶ τὰ ἔτι ἀρχαιότερα παρὰ τῆς θεοῦ ταύτης ἐπήγοντο Ἀργεῖοι πῦρ ἐς τὰ Λερναῖα. On Mount Krathis there is also a sanctuary of Artemis Pyronia, and in still earlier times the Argives used to carry fire from this goddess to the Lernaean festival. A sanctuary description and ritual practice; this is antiquarian/descriptive rather than a mythic event or a post-500 BC historical event.