Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.18.1 | 1 | mythic | high | εἶναι δὲ τὴν Στύγα Ἡσίοδος μὲν ἐν Θεογονίᾳ πεποίηκεν---Ἡσιόδου γὰρ δὴ ἔπη τὴν Θεογονίαν εἰσὶν οἳ νομίζουσι---, πεποιημένα οὖν ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα Ὠκεανοῦ θυγατέρα τὴν Στύγα, γυναῖκα δὲ αὐτὴν εἶναι Πάλλαντος. | Now, Hesiod in the Theogony has also composed a description of Styx—for there are indeed those who consider the verses of the Theogony to belong to Hesiod—; at any rate, Styx is here portrayed as a daughter of Oceanus, and as the wife of Pallas. | Identifies Styx as a mythological figure and discusses her divine genealogy and marriage. |
| 8.18.1 | 2 | mythic | medium | ἐοικότα δὲ πεποιηκέναι τούτοις καὶ Λίνον φασίν· | They also say that Linus has created something similar to these accounts. | Linus is a mythic figure; the sentence reports a mythic attribution rather than a historical or merely descriptive note. |
| 8.18.1 | 3 | other | high | ἐμοὶ δὲ ἐπιλεγομένῳ παντάπασιν ἐφαίνετο ταῦτά γε εἶναι κίβδηλα. | However, upon careful reflection, these particular narratives appeared to me altogether dubious. | This is the narrator's sceptical comment on the stories, not a mythic event, historical event, or landscape description. |
| 8.18.2 | 1 | mythic | high | Ἐπιμενίδης δὲ ὁ Κρὴς εἶναι μὲν καὶ οὗτος θυγατέρα Ὠκεανοῦ τὴν Στύγα ἐποίησε, συνοικεῖν δὲ αὐτὴν οὐ Πάλλαντι, ἀλλὰ ἐκ Πείραντος Ἔχιδναν τεκεῖν, ὅστις δὴ ὁ Πείρας ἐστί. | Epimenides the Cretan, indeed, also made Styx a daughter of Oceanus, but did not represent her as living with Pallas; rather, she bore Echidna from Peiras, whoever this Peiras may be. | Explains a genealogical myth about Styx and Echidna. |
| 8.18.2 | 2 | other | high | μάλιστα δὲ τῆς Στυγὸς τὸ ὄνομα ἐς τὴν ποίησιν ἐπεισηγάγετο Ὅμηρος. | Homer was especially responsible for introducing the name of Styx into poetry, for it is in Hera's oath that he composed: "Now let this be witnessed by Earth and broad Heaven above, and the down-flowing water of Styx." | A literary-antiquarian statement about Homer introducing the name Styx into poetry; not a mythic event or a historical event after 500 BC. |
| 8.18.2 | 3 | mythic | high | ἐν μέν γε Ἥρας ἐποίησεν ὅρκῳ ἴστω νῦν τόδε γαῖα καὶ οὐρανὸς εὐρὺς ὕπερθεν καὶ τὸ κατειβόμενον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ· Hom. Il. 15.36-37 ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἐποίησεν ὡς ἂν ἰδὼν ἐς τὸ ὕδωρ τῆς Στυγὸς στάζον· βούλεται δὲ καὶ ἐν καταλόγῳ τῶν μετὰ Γουνέως Τιταρησίῳ ποταμῷ ῥεῖν τὸ ὕδωρ ἀπὸ τῆς Στυγός. | Indeed, Homer wrote these lines as if he had seen the dripping water of Styx; and in the Catalogue [of Ships] he also wishes the water of Styx to flow as the river Titaresios, a tributary of the Peneius, near Guneus. | Refers to Styx and Homeric mythic geography, with no historical event. |
| 8.18.3 | 1 | mythic | high | ἐποίησε δὲ καὶ ἐν Ἅιδου ὕδωρ εἶναι, καὶ Ἀθηνᾶ τὸν Δία οὐ μεμνῆσθαί φησιν ὅτι διʼ αὐτῆς Ἡρακλέα ἔσωζεν ἐκ τῶν Εὐρυσθέως ἄθλων· | He also represented water as existing in Hades, and Athena says that Zeus did not remember how she had saved Heracles many times during the labors assigned by Eurystheus: | Refers to Hades, Athena, Zeus, and Heracles’ labors, all mythic material. |
| 8.18.3 | 2 | mythic | high | εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ τόδε ᾔδη ἐνὶ φρεσὶ πευκαλίμῃσιν, εὖτέ μιν εἰς Ἀίδαο πυλάρταο προὔπεμψεν ἐξ Ἐρέβευς ἄξοντα κύνα στυγεροῦ Ἀίδαο, οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε Στυγὸς ὕδατος αἰπὰ ῥέεθρα. | "For had I known this in my prudent mind, at the time when he sent him forth from Erebus to the gatekeeper of Hades, to fetch the hound of dread Hades, he would never have escaped the steep-flowing currents of the water of Styx." | Refers to Hades, Erebus, Styx, and the fetching of Cerberus, all mythic elements. |
| 8.18.3 | 3 | other | high | Homer, unknown location. | Homer, unknown location. | A brief attribution and location note; purely antiquarian/descriptive, not an event. |
| 8.18.4 | 1 | other | high | τὸ δὲ ὕδωρ τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦ κρημνοῦ τοῦ παρὰ τὴν Νώνακριν στάζον ἐσπίπτει μὲν πρῶτον ἐς πέτραν ὑψηλήν, διεξελθὸν δὲ διὰ τῆς πέτρας ἐς τὸν Κρᾶθιν ποταμὸν κάτεισι· | The water dripping from the cliff near Nonacris first falls upon a high rock, and then, passing through the rock itself, empties into the river Crathis. | Purely geographical description of a spring/stream and its route into the Crathis; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.18.4 | 2 | other | high | θάνατον δὲ τὸ ὕδωρ φέρει τοῦτο καὶ ἀνθρώπῳ καὶ ἄλλῳ ζῴῳ παντί. | This water brings death alike to humans and to every other living creature. | Describes a water source's deadly property; geographical/descriptive rather than mythic or historical. |
| 8.18.4 | 3 | mythic | medium | λέγεται δὲ ὅτι γένοιτό ποτε ὄλεθρος ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ αἰξίν, αἳ τοῦ ὕδατος ἔπιον πρῶτον· | It is said that goats were once destroyed by it, having been the first to drink the water. | Aetiological tale of goats destroyed after drinking the water; this reflects a mythic effect on the landscape. |
| 8.18.4 | 4 | other | high | χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἐγνώσθη καὶ εἰ δή τι ἄλλο πρόσεστι τῷ ὕδατι τῶν ἐς θαῦμα ἡκόντων. | Afterwards, over time, it became known whether there was indeed any other extraordinary property belonging to this water. | This is a descriptive statement about investigating the water's properties, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.18.5 | 1 | mythic | high | ὕαλος μέν γε καὶ κρύσταλλος καὶ μόρρια καὶ ὅσα ἐστὶν ἀνθρώποις ἄλλα λίθου ποιούμενα καὶ τῶν σκευῶν τὰ κεραμεᾶ, τὰ μὲν ὑπὸ τῆς Στυγὸς τοῦ ὕδατος ῥήγνυται· | Glass, rock crystal, porcelain, and whatever else humans fashion from stone, as well as earthenware pottery, are shattered by the water of the Styx. | The Styx is a mythic river, and the sentence describes its supernatural effect on materials. |
| 8.18.5 | 2 | other | high | κεράτινα δὲ καὶ ὀστέινα σίδηρός τε καὶ χαλκός, ἔτι δὲ μόλιβδός τε καὶ κασσίτερος καὶ ἄργυρος καὶ τὸ ἤλεκτρον ὑπὸ τούτου σήπεται τοῦ ὕδατος. | Objects made of horn or bone, as well as iron and bronze, and even lead, tin, silver, and amber, are corroded by this water. | Describes the corrosive properties of a water source on materials; purely descriptive/geographical. |
| 8.18.5 | 3 | other | high | τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ ἐν μετάλλοις τοῖς πᾶσι καὶ ὁ χρυσὸς πέπονθε· | The same effect that occurs with these metals also befalls gold. | Describes a general material property of metals and gold, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.18.5 | 4 | other | high | καίτοι γε καθαρεύειν γε τὸν χρυσὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰοῦ ἥ τε ποιήτρια μάρτυς ἐστὶν ἡ Λεσβία καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ χρυσὸς ἐπιδείκνυσιν. | Nevertheless, there is testimony, provided both by the poetess from Lesbos and by gold itself, that gold alone is purified from this destructive force. | A descriptive antiquarian statement about gold and a poetess as evidence; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.18.6 | 1 | other | high | ἔδωκε δὲ ἄρα ὁ θεὸς τοῖς μάλιστα ἀπερριμμένοις κρατεῖν τῶν ὑπερηρκότων τῇ δόξῃ. | And so the god has granted that those who appear most insignificant may prevail over those whose fame surpasses them. | A general theological maxim about divine favor, not a specific mythic or historical event. |
| 8.18.6 | 2 | mythic | high | τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ τὰ μάργαρα ἀπόλλυσθαι πέφυκεν ὑπὸ τοῦ ὄξους, τοῦτο δὲ τὸν ἀδάμαντα λίθων ὄντα ἰσχυρότατον τοῦ τράγου κατατήκει τὸ αἷμα· καὶ δὴ καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ οὐ δύναται τῆς Στυγὸς ὁπλὴν ἵππου βιάσασθαι μόνην, ἀλλὰ ἐμβληθὲν κατέχεταί τε ὑπʼ αὐτῆς καὶ οὐ διεργάζεται τὴν ὁπλήν. | For instance, pearls are naturally destroyed by vinegar, and the adamant, hardest of stones, is dissolved by goat’s blood; likewise, the water of the Styx cannot overpower a horse's hoof alone, but if thrown therein, the hoof remains unharmed and is not dissolved. | The sentence invokes the water of Styx and its supernatural effect on a horse's hoof, a mythic landscape feature. |
| 8.18.6 | 3 | historical | high | εἰ δὲ καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Φιλίππου συνέβη τὴν τελευτὴν διὰ τοῦ φαρμάκου γενέσθαι τούτου, σαφῶς μὲν οὐκ οἶδα, λεγόμενον δὲ οἶδα. | Whether Alexander, the son of Philip, actually met his end through this poison, I do not know for certain, but I do know that such a claim is made. | Mentions Alexander the Great and a historically post-500 BC death claim, even though Pausanias expresses skepticism. |
| 8.18.7 | 1 | other | high | ὑπὲρ δὲ τὴν Νώνακριν ὄρη τε καλούμενα Ἀροάνια καὶ σπήλαιόν ἐστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς. | Above Nonacris are mountains called the Aroania, and there is a cave among them. | Purely geographical description of mountains and a cave above Nonacris, with no event or mythic/historical claim. |
| 8.18.7 | 2 | mythic | high | ἐς τοῦτο ἀναφυγεῖν τὸ σπήλαιον τὰς θυγατέρας τὰς Προίτου μανείσας λέγουσιν, ἃς ὁ Μελάμπους θυσίαις τε ἀπορρήτοις καὶ καθαρμοῖς κατήγαγεν ἐς χωρίον καλούμενον Λουσούς. | They say it was to this cave that the daughters of Proetus fled when they were driven mad, and that Melampus brought them down from there by means of secret sacrifices and purifications, leading them to a place called Lousoi. | The sentence recounts the myth of the daughters of Proetus and Melampus' cure, which explains the cave and place-name. |
| 8.18.7 | 3 | other | high | τοῦ μὲν δὴ ὄρους τῶν Ἀροανίων Φενεᾶται τὰ πολλὰ ἐνέμοντο· οἱ δὲ ἐν ὅροις ἤδη Κλειτορίων εἰσὶν οἱ Λουσοί. | Most of the Aroanian mountain was occupied by the Pheneatians, but Lousoi is already in the territory bordering Cleitor. | Purely geographical and territorial description of mountain occupation and city boundaries. |
| 8.18.8 | 1 | historical | high | πόλιν μὲν δή ποτε εἶναι λέγουσι τοὺς Λουσούς, καὶ Ἀγησίλας ἀνὴρ Λουσεὺς ἀνηγορεύθη κέλητι ἵππῳ νικῶν, ὅτε πρώτην ἐπὶ ταῖς δέκα ἐτίθεσαν πυθιάδα Ἀμφικτύονες· | They say that Lousoi was once indeed a city, and Agesilas, a man from Lousoi, was proclaimed victor with the riding horse when the Amphictyons introduced a competition for the first time at the tenth Pythiad. | Refers to the introduction of a Pythian competition by the Amphictyons and a named victor, which is a historical athletic event. |
| 8.18.8 | 2 | other | high | τὰ δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν οὐδὲ ἐρείπια ἔτι λειπόμενα ἦν Λουσῶν. | But in our time not even ruins of Lousoi remain. | Describes the present state of the site and lack of ruins, which is geographical/antiquarian rather than mythic or historical. |
| 8.18.8 | 3 | mythic | high | τὰς δʼ οὖν θυγατέρας τοῦ Προίτου κατήγαγεν ὁ Μελάμπους ἐς τοὺς Λουσοὺς καὶ ἠκέσατο τῆς μανίας ἐν Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερῷ· | Melampus brought down the daughters of Proetus to Lousoi and cured them of their madness in the sanctuary of Artemis. | Melampus and the daughters of Proetus are figures and events of myth; their curing at Lousoi explains a mythic sacred association. |
| 8.18.8 | 4 | historical | high | καὶ ἀπʼ ἐκείνου τὴν Ἄρτεμιν ταύτην Ἡμερασίαν καλοῦσιν οἱ Κλειτόριοι. | From that time the Cleitorians have called this Artemis by the name Hemerasia ("the Gentle"). | Explains a cult-title given from a later local naming practice, not a mythic event; the naming of Artemis by the Cleitorians is a historical/antiquarian local tradition. |