Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.23.1 | 1 | mythic | medium | μετὰ δὲ Στύμφαλόν ἐστιν Ἀλέα, συνεδρίου μὲν τοῦ Ἀργολικοῦ μετέχουσα καὶ αὕτη, Ἄλεον δὲ τὸν Ἀφείδαντος γενέσθαι σφίσιν ἀποφαίνουσιν οἰκιστήν. | After Stymphalos is Alea, which also shares in the meetings of the Argolic council. They assert that Aleus, the son of Apheidas, was their founder. | Founder claim about Aleus, son of Apheidas, is a local mythic/heroic oikist tradition. |
| 8.23.1 | 2 | other | high | θεῶν δὲ ἱερὰ αὐτόθι Ἀρτέμιδός ἐστιν Ἐφεσίας καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς Ἀλέας, καὶ Διονύσου ναὸς καὶ ἄγαλμα. | The sanctuaries of gods there are dedicated to Artemis Ephesia and Athena Alea, and there is also a temple and statue of Dionysus. | Purely descriptive inventory of sanctuaries and cult statues at the site; no event or mythic/historical narrative. |
| 8.23.1 | 3 | historical | medium | τούτῳ παρὰ ἔτος Σκιέρεια ἑορτὴν ἄγουσι, καὶ ἐν Διονύσου τῇ ἑορτῇ κατὰ μάντευμα ἐκ Δελφῶν μαστιγοῦνται γυναῖκες, καθὰ καὶ οἱ Σπαρτιατῶν ἔφηβοι παρὰ τῇ Ὀρθίᾳ. | In his honor they hold a yearly festival called Skiereia, and during the festival of Dionysus women are scourged in accordance with an oracle from Delphi, just as the Spartan youths are scourged at the altar of Orthia. | Describes a cult practice and yearly festival tied to an oracle and Spartan parallel, but the classification should not force ritual/descriptive material into mythic; it is post-mythic cultic practice. |
| 8.23.2 | 1 | other | high | ἐδήλωσα δὲ ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τῷ ἐς Ὀρχομενίους ὡς πρῶτα μὲν παρὰ τὴν χαράδραν ἐστὶν ἡ εὐθεῖα, τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου δὲ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τοῦ ὕδατος τοῦ λιμνάζοντος. | I have already explained in my account of the Orchomenians that the straight route first follows alongside the ravine, and after this, lies to the left of the stagnant water. | Purely route and topographical description; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.2 | 2 | other | high | ἐν δὲ τῷ πεδίῳ τῷ Καφυῶν πεποίηται γῆς χῶμα, διʼ οὗ ἀπείργεται τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ἐκ τῆς Ὀρχομενίας μὴ εἶναι Καφυεῦσιν βλάβος τῇ ἐνεργῷ. | In the plain of the Caphyans stands an earthen embankment, constructed to prevent the water that flows from Orchomenia from causing damage to the cultivated land of the Caphyans. | Descriptive geography: an earthen embankment in the plain to control water and protect cultivated land. |
| 8.23.2 | 3 | other | high | κατὰ δὲ τὸ ἐντὸς τοῦ χώματος παρέξεισιν ὕδωρ ἄλλο, πλήθει μὲν ὅσον τε εἶναι ποταμόν, κατερχόμενον δὲ ἐς χάσμα γῆς ἄνεισιν αὖθις παρὰ Νάσους καλουμένας· | Inside this embankment, another stream of water emerges, abundant enough to constitute a river; it descends underground into a chasm, then rises again near the place called Nasoi. | Purely geographical description of a watercourse and landscape feature, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.2 | 4 | other | high | τὸ δὲ χωρίον ἔνθα ἄνεισιν ὀνομάζεται Ῥεῦνος· ἀνατείλαντος δὲ ἐνταῦθα, τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου παρέχεται ποταμὸν ἀέναον Τράγον. | The spot where it reemerges is named Rheunos, and after rising here, the water gives rise from this point onward to the river Tragos, ever-flowing. | Purely geographical description of a water source and river naming, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.3 | 1 | mythic | medium | τὸ δὲ ὄνομά ἐστι μὲν δῆλον ἀπὸ Κηφέως τοῦ Ἀλέου τῇ πόλει γεγονός, ὀνομάζεσθαι δὲ αὐτὴν φωνῇ τῇ Ἀρκάδων Καφυὰς ἐκνενίκηκε. | The city evidently derived its name originally from Cepheus, the son of Aleus, yet it has come to be known, according to the Arcadian dialect, as Caphyae. | Explains the city's name as deriving from Cepheus, a mythic figure, i.e. an etymological mythic tradition. |
| 8.23.3 | 2 | mythic | high | φασὶ δὲ οἱ Καφυεῖς τὰ ἄνωθεν ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς εἶναι χώρας, ἐκβληθέντες δὲ ὑπὸ Αἰγέως ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἐς Ἀρκαδίαν φυγεῖν καὶ ἱκέται γενόμενοι Κηφέως οἰκῆσαι ἐνταῦθα. | The inhabitants of Caphyae say they were originally from Attic territory, but that after being driven out of Athens by Aegeus, they fled into Arcadia and, becoming suppliants of Cepheus, settled there. | Describes a legendary migration from Athens after Aegeus drove them out and their settlement under Cepheus. |
| 8.23.3 | 3 | other | high | τὸ μὲν δὴ πόλισμα ἐπὶ τοῦ πεδίου τῷ πέρατι ὀρῶν οὐκ ἄγαν ὑψηλῶν παρὰ τοῖς ποσίν ἐστι· | The town itself lies on a plain at the foot of mountains, which are not very high. | Purely geographical description of the town's location and surrounding mountains. |
| 8.23.3 | 4 | other | high | Καφυάταις δὲ ἱερὰ θεῶν Ποσειδῶνός ἐστι καὶ ἐπίκλησιν Κνακαλησίας Ἀρτέμιδος. | The Caphyans possess sanctuaries dedicated to the gods Poseidon and Artemis called Knakalesia. | Describes sanctuaries and cult epithets at Caphyae; this is geographical/religious description, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.23.4 | 1 | other | high | ἔστι δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ ὄρος Κνάκαλος, ἔνθα ἐπέτειον τελετὴν ἄγουσι τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι. | They have a mountain called Knakalos, where they celebrate an annual rite in honor of Artemis. | Describes a mountain and an annual rite there; this is geographical/ritual description rather than a mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.23.4 | 2 | other | high | ὀλίγον δὲ ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν πηγή τέ ἐστι καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ πλάτανος μεγάλη καὶ εὐειδὴς πέφυκε· | A little above the city there is a water-spring, and at this spring has grown up a tall and beautiful plane-tree. | Purely topographical description of a spring and plane-tree above the city. |
| 8.23.4 | 3 | mythic | high | καλοῦσι δὲ αὐτὴν Μενελαΐδα, Μενέλαον γὰρ στρατὸν ἀθροίζοντα ἐς Τροίαν ἀφικέσθαι τε ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ τὴν πλάτανον φυτεῦσαι λέγοντες· | They call this tree “Menelaïs,” because they say Menelaus came to this place when gathering his army for Troy and planted the plane-tree beside the spring. | Menelaus planting the tree on the way to Troy is a mythic aetiology for the spring and tree. |
| 8.23.4 | 4 | other | high | ἐφʼ ἡμῶν δὲ καὶ τὴν πηγὴν κατὰ ταὐτὰ τῇ πλατάνῳ καλοῦσι Μενελαΐδα. | In our own day, they also call the spring itself Menelaïs, following the name of the plane-tree. | A present-day naming note about the spring and plane-tree; geographical/antiquarian rather than mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.5 | 1 | other | high | εἰ δὲ Ἑλλήνων τοῖς λόγοις ἑπόμενον καταριθμήσασθαι δεῖ με ὁπόσα δένδρα σῶα ἔτι καὶ τεθηλότα λείπεται, πρεσβύτατον μὲν ἡ λύγος ἐστὶν αὐτῶν ἡ ἐν τῷ Σαμίων πεφυκυῖα ἱερῷ Ἥρας, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὴν ἡ ἐν Δωδώνῃ δρῦς καὶ ἐλαία τε ἡ ἐν ἀκροπόλει καὶ ἡ παρὰ Δηλίοις· | If, following the traditions of the Greeks, I must enumerate how many trees remain that are still alive and flourishing, the oldest among them is the willow growing in the sanctuary of Hera on Samos; after this come the oak at Dodona, and the olive tree on the Acropolis, and also the one among the Delians. | Enumerates notable sacred trees and their locations; purely descriptive/antiquarian rather than mythic or historical. |
| 8.23.5 | 2 | other | high | τρίτα δὲ ἕνεκα ἀρχαιότητος νέμοιεν ἂν τῇ δάφνῃ τῇ παρὰ σφίσιν οἱ Σύροι· | Third in antiquity, according to the Syrians themselves, would be their laurel; | Descriptive antiquarian note about the Syrians' claim regarding the antiquity of their laurel; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.5 | 3 | other | high | τῶν δὲ ἄλλων ἡ πλάτανός ἐστιν αὕτη παλαιότατον. | but of all the others, this plane-tree is the oldest. | A descriptive antiquarian note about the age of a plane-tree, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.6 | 1 | other | high | Καφυῶν δὲ ἀφέστηκεν ὅσον στάδιον Κονδυλέα χωρίον, καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος ἄλσος καὶ ναός ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα καλουμένης Κονδυλεάτιδος τὸ ἀρχαῖον· | About a stade distant from Caphyae is a place called Kondylea, and there is there a grove and a sanctuary of Artemis, anciently called Kondyleatis. | Purely topographical and cultic description of a nearby sanctuary and grove, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.6 | 2 | mythic | medium | μετονομασθῆναι δὲ ἐπὶ αἰτίᾳ τὴν θεόν φασι τοιαύτῃ. | They say the goddess received this change of name because of the following event. | Introduces a goddess's renaming as caused by a following event, which points to a mythic aetiological explanation. |
| 8.23.6 | 3 | other | high | παιδία περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν παίζοντα---ἀριθμὸν δὲ αὐτῶν οὐ μνημονεύουσιν---ἐπέτυχε καλῳδίῳ. | Some children—whose exact number is not remembered—were playing around the temple when they found a small cord. | A descriptive scene of children playing around a temple and finding an object; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.6 | 4 | other | high | δήσαντα δὲ τὸ καλῴδιον τοῦ ἀγάλματος περὶ τὸν τράχηλον ἐπέλεγεν ὡς ἀπάγχοιτο ἡ Ἄρτεμις. | After tying this cord about the neck of the statue, they jokingly said that Artemis was being strangled. | Describes a ritual joke/action involving a statue, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.7 | 1 | historical | medium | φωράσαντες δὲ οἱ Καφυεῖς τὰ ποιηθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν παιδίων καταλεύουσιν αὐτά· | When the Kaphyeans discovered what had been done by the children, they stoned them to death. | An act of violence by the Kaphyeans against children is a local historical anecdote rather than mythic material. |
| 8.23.7 | 2 | mythic | high | καί σφισι ταῦτα ἐργασαμένοις ἐσέπεσεν ἐς τὰς γυναῖκας νόσος, τὰ ἐν τῇ γαστρὶ πρὸ τοκετοῦ τεθνεῶτα ἐκβάλλεσθαι, ἐς ὃ ἡ Πυθία θάψαι τε τὰ παιδία ἀνεῖπε καὶ ἐναγίζειν αὐτοῖς κατὰ ἔτος· | After committing this deed, a disease afflicted their women, causing their unborn offspring to be expelled dead from the womb before delivery, until the Pythia instructed them to bury the children and to offer them annual sacrifices. | A ritual consultation of the Pythia and a plague-like affliction linked to a deed belong to mythic narrative and its cultic consequences. |
| 8.23.7 | 3 | mythic | high | ἀποθανεῖν γὰρ αὐτὰ οὐ σὺν δίκῃ. | For the children had perished unjustly. | Refers to the unjust death of children, a mythic event and its moral characterization. |
| 8.23.7 | 4 | other | high | Καφυεῖς δὲ ποιοῦσι τά τε ἄλλα ἔτι καὶ νῦν κατʼ ἐκεῖνο τὸ μάντευμα καὶ τὴν ἐν ταῖς Κονδυλέαις θεὸν--- προσεῖναι γὰρ καὶ τόδε ἔτι τῷ χρησμῷ φασι---καλοῦσιν Ἀπαγχομένην ἐξ ἐκείνου. | The Kaphyeans continue even now to fulfill all these requirements according to this oracle and—because the oracle also mentioned this—they still call the goddess in Kondyleai 'the Hanged Woman.' | Describes current local cult practice and naming based on an oracle, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.23.8 | 1 | other | high | ἀνελθὼν δὲ ἐκ Καφυῶν ὅσον σταδίους ἑπτὰ ἐπὶ Νάσους καλουμένας καταβήσῃ· | Going up from Caphyae for about seven stades, you come down to the place called Nasoi. | Purely route/directional description giving distance and location; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.8 | 2 | other | high | πεντήκοντα δὲ προελθόντι αὐτόθεν σταδίους ἐστὶν ὁ Λάδων. | Fifty stades further on from there is the Ladon river. | Purely geographical route description locating the Ladon river by distance. |
| 8.23.8 | 3 | other | high | διαβήσῃ τε δὴ τὸν ποταμὸν καὶ ἐπὶ δρυμὸν ἀφίξῃ Σόρωνα διά τε Ἀργεαθῶν καὶ Λυκούντων καλουμένων καὶ Σκοτάνης. | After crossing over the river, you will arrive at the oak forest called Soron, passing through the places named Argeathai, Lycountes, and Skotane. | Pure route description naming a river crossing, oak forest, and local places; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.9 | 1 | other | high | ἄγει μὲν δὴ ὁ Σόρων τὴν ἐπὶ Ψωφῖδος· | Soron leads to Psophis. | A route/directional note to Psophis, purely geographical. |
| 8.23.9 | 2 | other | high | θηρία δὲ οὗτός τε καὶ ὅσοι δρυμοὶ τοῖς Ἀρκάσιν εἰσὶν ἄλλοι παρέχονται τοσάδε, ἀγρίους ὗς καὶ ἄρκτους καὶ χελώνας μεγίστας μεγέθει· | This mountain and all the other forests that the Arcadians possess produce the following beasts: wild boars, bears, and tortoises remarkable for their great size. | Purely geographical and descriptive: it lists the animals found in the Arcadian forests. |
| 8.23.9 | 3 | other | high | λύρας ἂν ποιήσαιο ἐξ αὐτῶν χελώνης Ἰνδικῆς λύρᾳ παρισουμένας. | From these tortoise-shells one could fashion lyres equal to those made from the shell of the Indian tortoise. | Purely descriptive comparison about tortoise-shell lyres; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.23.9 | 4 | other | high | τοῦ Σόρωνος δὲ πρὸς τοῖς πέρασιν ἔστι μὲν Πάου κώμης ἐρείπια, εἰσὶ δὲ οὐ πολὺ ἀπωτέρω αἱ καλούμεναι Σεῖραι· | Near the borders of Soron are the ruins of the village called Paos, and a little farther off are the so-called Seirai. | Purely geographical/topographical description of ruins and nearby places. |
| 8.23.9 | 5 | other | high | ὅροι δὲ Κλειτορίοις τῆς χώρας πρὸς Ψωφιδίους εἰσὶν αἱ Σεῖραι. | The Seirai themselves mark the boundary between the Kleitorian territory and that of the Psophidians. | A boundary marker between territories is geographical/descriptive, not mythic or historical. |