Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 8.40

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
8.40.1 1 historical high Φιγαλεῦσι δὲ ἀνδριάς ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς Ἀρ ρα χίωνος τοῦ παγκρατιαστοῦ, τά τε ἄλλα ἀρχαῖος καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα ἐπὶ τῷ σχήματι· οὐ διεστᾶσι μὲν πολὺ οἱ πόδες, καθεῖνται δὲ παρὰ πλευρὰν αἱ χεῖρες ἄχρι τῶν γλουτῶν. The Phigaleians have in their market-place a statue of Arrhachion the pancratiast. Mentions a statue of Arrhachion the pancratiast, an actual historical athlete and civic monument.
8.40.1 2 other high πεποίηται μὲν δὴ ἡ εἰκὼν λίθου, λέγουσι δὲ καὶ ἐπίγραμμα ἐπʼ αὐτὴν γραφῆναι· It is ancient in every respect, particularly in its posture; the feet are not set far apart, and the arms hang straight down alongside the sides as far as the hips. Describes the statue's material and inscription claim, which is antiquarian/descriptive rather than mythic or historical.
8.40.1 3 historical high καὶ τοῦτο μὲν ἠφάνιστο ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου, τῷ δὲ Ἀρραχίωνι ἐγένοντο Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι δύο μὲν Ὀλυμπιάσι ταῖς πρὸ τῆς τετάρτης καὶ πεντηκοστῆς, ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ σὺν δικαίῳ τε ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλανοδικῶν καὶ Ἀρραχίωνος αὐτοῦ τῇ ἀρετῇ. The statue itself is made of stone, and it is said that an epigram was written upon it, though this had been effaced by time. Mentions Arrhachion's Olympic victories, an athletic achievement in historical time rather than myth.
8.40.2 1 historical high ὡς γὰρ δὴ πρὸς τὸν καταλειπόμενον ἔτι τῶν ἀνταγωνιστῶν ἐμάχετο ὑπὲρ τοῦ κοτίνου, ὁ μὲν προέλαβεν ὅστις δὴ ὁ ἀνταγωνιζόμενος καὶ τοῖς ποσὶ τὸν Ἀρραχίωνα εἶχεν ἐζωκὼς καὶ τὸν τράχηλον ἐπίεζεν ἅμα αὐτοῦ ταῖς χερσίν· For as he fought for the olive crown against the one opponent who was left, that opponent had already gained the upper hand; he held Arrhachion bound fast with his legs and at the same time pressed Arrhachion's throat with his hands. Describes a concrete athletic contest involving Arrhachion, a historical sports event rather than myth.
8.40.2 2 historical high ὁ δὲ Ἀρραχίων ἐκκλᾷ τῶν ἐν τῷ ποδὶ τοῦ ἀνταγωνιζομένου δάκτυλον, καὶ Ἀρραχίων τε τὴν ψυχὴν ἀφίησιν ἀγχόμενος καὶ ὁ ἄγχων τὸν Ἀρραχίωνα ὑπὸ τοῦ δακτύλου τῆς ὀδύνης κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν ἀπαγορεύει τὸν αὐτόν. But Arrhachion broke one of the toes on his opponent's foot; and as Arrhachion breathed out his life due to strangulation, the man who choked him also surrendered at the same moment because of the pain in his toe. Describes a specific athletic contest and death in historical times, not mythic material.
8.40.2 3 historical high Ἠλεῖοι δὲ ἐστεφάνωσάν τε καὶ ἀνηγόρευσαν νικῶντα τοῦ Ἀρραχίωνος τὸν νεκρόν. Consequently, the Eleans crowned Arrhachion's dead body and proclaimed him victor. Refers to a named athletic victor and Elean action in a recorded historical/agonistic context, not a mythic event.
8.40.3 1 historical medium ἐοικὸς δὲ καὶ Ἀργείους οἶδα ἐπὶ Κρεύγᾳ ποιήσαντας Ἐπιδαμνίῳ πύκτῃ· I am aware also that the Argives acted similarly in the case of Kreugas, a boxer from Epidamnus. Refers to a named athlete and an Argive action; this is post-mythic anecdotal/historical material rather than myth or geography.
8.40.3 2 historical high καὶ γὰρ Ἀργεῖοι τεθνεῶτι ἔδοσαν τῷ Κρεύγᾳ τῶν Νεμείων τὸν στέφανον, ὅτι ὁ πρὸς αὐτὸν μαχόμενος Δαμόξενος Συρακόσιος παρέβη τὰ ὡμολογημένα σφίσιν ἐς ἀλλήλους. For indeed, the Argives awarded the crown of the Nemean games to Kreugas after his death, since the Syracusan Damoxenus, who fought against him, violated the agreement made between them. Refers to a Nemean games decision involving named athletic competitors and an Argive award, a post-mythic historical/antiquarian event.
8.40.3 3 other high ἐφήξειν μὲν γὰρ ἔμελλεν ἑσπέρα πυκτεύουσιν αὐτοῖς, συνέθεντο δὲ ἐς ἐπήκοον ἀνὰ μέρος τὸν ἕτερον ὑποσχεῖν αὐτῶν τῷ ἑτέρῳ πληγήν. Evening had already come when they were still boxing, so they agreed openly that each in turn would deliver a blow to the other. Describes a boxing arrangement and timing within the story; it is narrative detail, not mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
8.40.3 4 other high τοῖς δὲ πυκτεύουσιν οὐκ ἦν πω τηνικαῦτα ἱμὰς ὀξὺς ἐπὶ τῷ καρπῷ τῆς χειρὸς ἑκατέρας, ἀλλὰ ταῖς μειλίχαις ἔτι ἐπύκτευον, ὑπὸ τὸ κοῖλον δέοντες τῆς χειρός, ἵνα οἱ δάκτυλοί σφισιν ἀπολείπωνται γυμνοί· At that time, boxers did not yet have sharp thongs bound around each wrist, but they still competed using soft thongs called meilichai, tied beneath the hollow of the hand, leaving the fingers uncovered. Describes an antiquarian detail about boxing equipment and practice, not a mythic or historical event.
8.40.3 5 other high αἱ δὲ ἐκ βοέας ὠμῆς ἱμάντες λεπτοὶ τρόπον τινὰ ἀρχαῖον πεπλεγμένοι διʼ ἀλλήλων ἦσαν αἱ μειλίχαι. These meilichai were thin straps of raw oxhide, woven together in an ancient manner. Describes the material and construction of the meilichai; purely antiquarian/descriptive, not an event.
8.40.4 1 historical high τότε οὖν ὁ μὲν τὴν πληγὴν ἀφῆκεν ἐς τοῦ Δαμοξένου τὴν κεφαλήν· ὁ δὲ ἀνασχεῖν τὴν χεῖρα ὁ Δαμόξενος ἐκέλευσε τὸν Κρεύγαν, ἀνασχόντος δὲ παίει τοῖς δακτύλοις ὀρθοῖς ὑπὸ τὴν πλευράν, Then Kreugas delivered his blow upon the head of Damoxenus; but Damoxenus ordered Kreugas to raise his hand, and when he raised it, Damoxenus struck him under the ribs with fingers extended straight. Describes a named contest/fight involving Damoxenus and Kreugas, a historical or quasi-historical event rather than mythic narrative.
8.40.4 2 historical high ὑπὸ δὲ ἀκμῆς τε τῶν ὀνύχων καὶ βίας τῆς πληγῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐς τὸ ἐντὸς καθεὶς καὶ ἐπιλαβόμενος τῶν σπλάγχνων ἐς τὸ ἐκτὸς ἕλκων ἀπέρρηξε. Due to the sharpness of his nails and the force of the blow, he drove his hand inside Kreugas' body, seizing the entrails, which he drew out by violence, causing his opponent’s death. Describes the fatal blow in the boxing match of Kreugas, a post-mythic, historical narrative event.
8.40.5 1 mythic high καὶ ὁ μὲν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτίκα ὁ Κρεύγας ἀφίησιν, οἱ δὲ Ἀργεῖοι τὸν Δαμόξενον ἅτε τὰ συγκείμενα ὑπερβάντα καὶ ἀντὶ μιᾶς κεχρημένον πολλαῖς ἐς τὸν ἀντίπαλον ταῖς πληγαῖς ἐξελαύνουσι, Immediately Kreugas gave up his life, and the Argives drove out Damoxenus because he had exceeded the agreed terms, striking his opponent with many blows instead of the single one permitted. Describes a legendary athletic combat between Kreugas and Damoxenus, a mythic story in Pausanias.
8.40.5 2 historical medium τῷ Κρεύγᾳ δὲ τὴν νίκην τεθνεῶτι ἔδοσαν καὶ ἐποιήσαντο εἰκόνα ἐν Ἄργει· They awarded the victory to Kreugas, though he was dead, and set up a statue of him in Argos. The sentence refers to a post-archaic civic decision and a statue in Argos, not a mythic event.
8.40.5 3 other high καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔκειτο ἐν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Λυκίου. Down to my own time, this statue was standing in the temple of Apollo Lyceius. Describes the statue’s location down to the author’s own time; this is descriptive/antiquarian rather than mythic or historical.