Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 8.48

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
8.48.1 1 other high τῆς ἀγορᾶς δὲ μάλιστα ἐοικυίας πλίνθῳ κατὰ τὸ σχῆμα, Ἀφροδίτης ἐστὶν ἐν αὐτῇ ναὸς καλούμενος ἐν πλινθίῳ καὶ ἄγαλμα λίθου. In the marketplace, which most resembles a brick in shape, there is a temple of Aphrodite called "in the Brick," and within it a stone image. Describes the marketplace and a temple/image there; purely topographical and descriptive.
8.48.1 2 historical high στήλαις δὲ ἐπειργασμένοι τῇ μὲν Ἀντιφάνης ἐστὶ καὶ Κρῖσος καὶ Τυρωνίδας τε καὶ Πυρρίας, οἳ νόμους Τεγεάταις θέμενοι τιμὰς καὶ ἐς τόδε παρʼ αὐτῶν ἔχουσιν· On carved reliefs, one represents Antiphanes, Crisus, Tyronidas, and Pyrrhias, who, having established laws for the Tegeans, are even now honored by them. Refers to lawgivers honored by the Tegeans, a post-mythic civic/historical context.
8.48.1 3 mythic high ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ ἑτέρᾳ στήλῃ πεποιημένος ἐστὶν Ἰάσιος ἵππου τε ἐχόμενος καὶ κλάδον ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ φέρων φοίνικος· On another stele is carved Iasius, holding a horse and carrying in his right hand a palm branch; Iasius is a mythic figure, and the carved representation belongs to mythic/heroic context rather than historical event.
8.48.1 4 mythic high νικῆσαι δὲ ἵππῳ φασὶν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τὸν Ἰάσιον, ὅτε Ἡρακλῆς ἔθετο ὁ Θηβαῖος τὰ Ὀλύμπια. they say that Iasius won a victory in the horse race at Olympia during the festival which Heracles the Theban founded. Mentions Heracles founding the Olympics, a mythic event affecting the festival's origin.
8.48.2 1 other high ἐν μὲν δὴ Ὀλυμπίᾳ κοτίνου τῷ νικῶντι δίδοσθαι στέφανον καὶ ἐν Δελφοῖς δάφνης, τοῦ μὲν ἤδη τὴν αἰτίαν ἀπέδωκα ἐν τοῖς ἐς Ἠλείους, τοῦ δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔπειτα δηλώσω· At Olympia, the victor is awarded a crown of wild olive, while at Delphi it is made of laurel. Describes the prizes at Olympic and Delphic games; this is geographical/antiquarian description, not mythic or post-500 BC historical narrative.
8.48.2 2 mythic high ἐν Ἰσθμῷ δὲ ἡ πίτυς καὶ τὰ ἐν Νεμέᾳ σέλινα ἐπὶ τοῦ Παλαίμονος καὶ τοῦ Ἀρχεμόρου τοῖς παθήμασιν ἐνομίσθησαν. The reason for the former I have already explained in my account of Elis, and I shall clarify the latter also in what follows. The sentence explains that pine and celery at Isthmus and Nemea were established in memory of Palaemon and Archemorus' sufferings, i.e. mythic events affecting the landscape.
8.48.2 3 mythic high οἱ δὲ ἀγῶνες φοίνικος ἔχουσιν οἱ πολλοὶ στέφανον· At the Isthmus the pine tree was chosen, and at Nemea celery, both selections associated with the sufferings of Palaemon and Archemorus. The crown choices are tied to the mythical sufferings of Palaemon and Archemorus.
8.48.2 4 other high ἐς δὲ τὴν δεξιάν ἐστι καὶ πανταχοῦ τῷ νικῶντι ἐστιθέμενος φοῖνιξ. Most other games crown victors with palm; moreover, the palm branch is everywhere placed into the right hand of the victor. Describes a general athletic custom and gesture, not a mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
8.48.3 1 mythic high ἐνομίσθη δὲ ἐπὶ τοιῷδε· Θησέα ἀνακομιζόμενον ἐκ Κρήτης φασὶν ἐν Δήλῳ ἀγῶνα ποιήσασθαι τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι, στεφανοῦν δὲ αὐτὸν τοὺς νικῶντας τῷ φοίνικι. The origin of this custom is said to be as follows: they say that Theseus, when returning from Crete, celebrated athletic contests in Delos in honor of Apollo, and crowned the victors with palm-branches. Refers to Theseus' return from Crete and the Delian games, a mythic-origin story for a custom.
8.48.3 2 mythic low τοῦτο μὲν δὴ ἄρξαι λέγουσιν ἐντεῦθεν· From this event, they say, originated this practice. Refers back to an unnamed prior event as the origin of a practice; in Pausanias such origin stories are typically mythic or legendary rather than historical.
8.48.3 3 mythic high τοῦ δὲ φοίνικος τοῦ ἐν Δήλῳ μνήμην ἐποιήσατο καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ὀδυσσέως ἱκεσίᾳ πρὸς τὴν Ἀλκίνου θυγατέρα. Homer too makes mention of the palm in Delos in the passage where Odysseus appeals as a suppliant to the daughter of Alcinous. Refers to Homeric myth and the palm in Delos associated with the Odyssey episode.
8.48.4 1 other high ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ἄρεως ἄγαλμα ἐν τῇ Τεγεατῶν ἀγορᾷ. There is also a statue of Ares in the marketplace of the Tegeans. A statue in the marketplace is descriptive/topographical, not a mythic event or historical event.
8.48.4 2 other high τοῦτο ἐκτετύπωται μὲν ἐπὶ τῇ στήλῃ, Γυναικοθοίναν δὲ ὀνομάζουσιν αὐτόν. This statue is carved upon a stele and is called "Women's Banquet." Purely descriptive identification of a statue and its name; no mythic or historical event.
8.48.4 3 historical high ὑπὸ γὰρ τὸν Λακωνικὸν πόλεμον καὶ Χαρίλλου τοῦ Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλέως τὴν πρώτην ἐπιστρατείαν λαβοῦσαι αἱ γυναῖκές σφισιν ὅπλα ἐλόχων ὑπὸ τὸν λόφον ὃν Φυλακτρίδα ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ὀνομάζουσι· For during the Laconian war, at the time when Charillus king of the Lacedaemonians first invaded their territory, the women took up arms, set an ambush beneath the hill that in our time is called Phylactris. Refers to Charillus and the Laconian war, a historical-era event rather than myth.
8.48.4 4 mythic medium συνελθόντων δὲ τῶν στρατοπέδων καὶ τολμήματα ἀποδεικνυμένων ἑκατέρωθεν τῶν ἀνδρῶν πολλά τε καὶ ἄξια μνήμης, οὕτω φασὶν ἐπιφανῆναί σφισι τὰς And when the armies joined battle, with many memorable deeds of valor performed by men on both sides, it is said thus to have become clear to them (the women) the divine manifestation. Describes a divine manifestation associated with a battle scene, so it belongs with mythic material.
8.48.5 1 mythic medium γυναῖκας καὶ εἶναι τὰς ἐργασαμένας ταύτας τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τὴν τροπήν, Μάρπησσαν δὲ τὴν Χοίραν ἐπονομαζομένην ὑπερβαλέσθαι τῇ τόλμῃ τὰς ἄλλας γυναῖκας, It was said that the defeat of the Lacedaemonians was due to women, and among them Marpessa, commonly called Choira, surpassed the other women by her bravery. Attributed to a legendary explanatory story about Spartan defeat by women, not a historical event.
8.48.5 2 historical high ἁλῶναι δὲ ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιάταις καὶ αὐτὸν Χάριλλον· The Spartan king Charillus himself was captured along with others. Refers to the capture of Spartan king Charillus, a historical event involving a named later figure.
8.48.5 3 historical high καὶ τὸν μὲν ἀφεθέντα ἄνευ λύτρων, καὶ ὅρκον Τεγεάταις δόντα μήποτε Λακεδαιμονίους στρατεύσειν ἔτι ἐπὶ Τεγέαν, παραβῆναι τὸν ὅρκον, Though he was set free without ransom, having sworn an oath to the Tegeans never again to lead the Lacedaemonians on a campaign against Tegea, he nevertheless broke this oath. Refers to a Spartan commander breaking an oath in a Tegea context, an event from historical warfare rather than myth.
8.48.5 4 historical high τὰς γυναῖκας δὲ τῷ Ἄρει θῦσαί τε ἄνευ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἰδίᾳ τὰ ἐπινίκια καὶ τοῦ ἱερείου τῶν κρεῶν οὐ μεταδοῦναι σφᾶς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν. Meanwhile, the women, independently of the men, offered a victory sacrifice to Ares, refusing to share the sacrificial meat with their husbands. A victory sacrifice by women is tied to a specific historical civic custom, not a mythic episode.
8.48.5 5 mythic high ἀντὶ τούτων μὲν τῷ Ἄρει γέγονεν ἡ ἐπίκλησις· Hence arose the surname given to Ares. Explains a divine epithet as arising from a mythic event affecting the name of Ares.
8.48.6 1 other high πεποίηται δὲ καὶ Διὸς Τελείου βωμὸς καὶ ἄγαλμα τετράγωνον· περισσῶς γὰρ δή τι τῷ σχήματι τούτῳ φαίνονταί μοι χαίρειν οἱ Ἀρκάδες. There is also an altar of Zeus Teleios, and his image is square-shaped; indeed, the Arcadians seem to me particularly fond of this particular form. Describes an altar and statue form as an antiquarian/geographical detail, not a mythic or historical event.
8.48.6 2 mythic high καὶ μνήματά ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα Τεγεάτου τοῦ Λυκάονος καὶ Μαιρᾶς γυναικὸς τοῦ Τεγεάτου· Here also are the tombs of Tegeates, son of Lycaon, and of Maera, the wife of Tegeates. Tombs of Tegeates and Maera are attached to heroic/mythic genealogy tied to Lycaon.
8.48.6 3 mythic high θυγατέρα Ἄτλαντός φασιν εἶναι τὴν Μαιράν, ἧς δὴ καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐποιήσατο μνήμην ἐν Ὀδυσσέως λόγοις πρὸς Ἀλκίναιον περί τε ὁδοῦ τῆς ἐς Ἅιδην καὶ ὁπόσων ἐθεάσατο ἐκεῖ τὰς ψυχάς. They say Maera was a daughter of Atlas, and Homer himself made mention of her in Odysseus' account to Alcinous concerning his journey to Hades and the souls he beheld there. Maera is treated as a daughter of Atlas and the sentence cites Homeric underworld myth.
8.48.7 1 mythic high τὴν δὲ Εἰλείθυιαν οἱ Τεγεᾶται---καὶ γὰρ ταύτης ἔχουσιν ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ ναὸν καὶ ἄγαλμα--- ἐπονομάζουσιν Αὔγην ἐν γόνασι, The Tegeans call Eileithyia—whose temple and statue also stand in their marketplace—Auge-on-her-knees. Eileithyia is identified by a mythic local epithet connected to Auge, a mythic figure, rather than a historical event.
8.48.7 2 mythic high λέγοντες ὡς Ναυπλίῳ παραδοίη τὴν θυγατέρα Ἄλεος ἐντειλάμενος ἐπαναγαγόντα αὐτὴν ἐς θάλασσαν καταποντῶσαι· They explain this epithet by saying that Aleus entrusted his daughter to Nauplius, commanding him to take her to sea and drown her. Refers to the mythic story of Aleus, his daughter, and Nauplius drowning her at sea.
8.48.7 3 mythic high τὴν δὲ ὡς ἤγετο πεσεῖν τε ἐς γόνατα καὶ οὕτω τεκεῖν τὸν παῖδα, ἔνθα τῆς Εἰλειθυίας ἐστὶ τὸ ἱερόν. However, they say that as she was being led away, she fell onto her knees, and there gave birth on the very spot now occupied by Eileithyia's sanctuary. A birth on the spot where a sanctuary now stands is a mythic aetiological story explaining the landscape.
8.48.7 4 mythic high οὗτος ὁ λόγος διάφορος μέν ἐστιν ἑτέρῳ λόγῳ, λάθρᾳ τὴν Αὔγην τεκεῖν τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ ἐκτεθῆναι τὸν Τήλεφον λέγοντι ἐς τὸ ὄρος τὸ Παρθένιον καὶ τῷ παιδὶ ἐκκειμένῳ διδόναι γάλα ἔλαφον· This account differs from another one, according to which Auge secretly gave birth unbeknownst to her father, and Telephus was exposed on Mount Parthenion, where a deer fed milk to the abandoned child. The sentence recounts a mythic variant about Auge, Telephus, exposure, and a deer nursing the child.
8.48.7 5 other high λέγεται δὲ οὐδὲν ἧσσον καὶ οὗτος ὑπὸ Τεγεατῶν ὁ λόγος. Nonetheless, this story is no less current among the Tegeans. Reports the local currency of a story among the Tegeans; this is antiquarian/reportive, not the myth or history itself.
8.48.8 1 other high πρὸς δὲ τῷ ἱερῷ τῆς Εἰλειθυίας ἐστὶ Γῆς βωμός, ἔχεται δὲ τοῦ βωμοῦ λίθου λευκοῦ στήλη· Near the sanctuary of Eileithyia is an altar of Earth, and adjoining this altar is a stele of white stone. Purely descriptive/topographical note about nearby sanctuary features and an altar, with no narrated event.
8.48.8 2 other high ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτῆς Πολύβιος ὁ Λυκόρτα καὶ ἐπὶ ἑτέρᾳ στήλῃ τῶν παίδων τῶν Ἀρκάδος Ἔλατός ἐστιν εἰργασμένος. Upon it is represented Polybius, son of Lycortas, and on another stele is carved Elatus, one of the sons of Arcas. Descriptive statement about statues/stele, with no event narrative; one figure is historical and one mythic, but the sentence itself is purely antiquarian.