Grammar parses for passage 1.1.1
Open translation for this passage
τῆς ἠπείρου τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς κατὰ νήσους τὰς Κυκλάδας καὶ πέλαγος τὸ Αἰγαῖον ἄκρα Σούνιον πρόκειται γῆς τῆς Ἀττικῆς·
The sentence describes Sounion as a promontory of Attic land projecting toward the Greek mainland, the Cyclades, and the Aegean; the genitive and κατά-phrases are semantically locative/reference adjuncts.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | article-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἠπείρου | det | high | |
| 2 | ἠπείρου | ἤπειρος | NOUN | noun-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πρόκειται | obl | medium | Genitive phrase denotes the mainland/continent context. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | article-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Ἑλληνικῆς | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἑλληνικῆς | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | adj-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἠπείρου | amod | high | |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | prep-acc | _ | 6 νήσους | case | high | |
| 6 | νήσους | νῆσος | NOUN | noun-acc-pl-fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 πρόκειται | obl | high | Prepositional accusative phrase. |
| 7 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | article-acc-pl-fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 Κυκλάδας | det | high | |
| 8 | Κυκλάδας | Κυκλάς | PROPN | propn-acc-pl-fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 νήσους | nmod | high | Name of the Cyclades. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 10 πέλαγος | cc | high | |
| 10 | πέλαγος | πέλαγος | NOUN | noun-acc-sg-neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πρόκειται | obl | high | Coordinated with νήσους under κατά. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | article-acc-sg-neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 Αἰγαῖον | det | high | |
| 12 | Αἰγαῖον | Αἰγαῖος | ADJ | adj-acc-sg-neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 πέλαγος | amod | high | Substantival/attributive designation of the Aegean Sea. |
| 13 | ἄκρα | ἄκρον | NOUN | noun-nom-sg-neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πρόκειται | nsubj | medium | Subject of πρόκειται; form is neuter nominative singular. |
| 14 | Σούνιον | Σούνιον | PROPN | propn-nom-sg-neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἄκρα | appos | high | Appositional place-name. |
| 15 | πρόκειται | πρόκειμαι | VERB | verb-pres-mid-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | noun-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πρόκειται | obl | medium | Genitive of relation/reference: land of Attica. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | article-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττικός | ADJ | adj-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 γῆς | amod | high | Attributive adjective, with γῆ understood. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 πρόκειται | punct | high |
καὶ λιμήν τε παραπλεύσαντι τὴν ἄκραν ἐστὶ καὶ ναὸς Ἀθηνᾶς Σουνιάδος ἐπὶ κορυφῇ τῆς ἄκρας.
Existential ἐστὶ coordinates two nominative subjects, λιμήν and ναός. The dative participle παραπλεύσαντι is an impersonal circumstantial dative (‘for one sailing past’); ἐπὶ κορυφῇ marks location. Σουνιάδος is the feminine ethnic epithet agreeing with Ἀθηνᾶς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 λιμήν | cc | high | |
| 2 | λιμήν | λιμήν | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | First coordinated existential subject. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 λιμήν | cc | high | Correlative coordinator with καὶ. |
| 4 | παραπλεύσαντι | παραπλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστὶ | advcl | medium | Circumstantial dative participle, with implicit person. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἄκραν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἄκραν | ἄκρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 παραπλεύσαντι | obj | high | Object of παραπλεύσαντι. |
| 7 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular predicate. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ναὸς | cc | high | |
| 9 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶ | conj | high | Second coordinated existential subject. |
| 10 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ναὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός. |
| 11 | Σουνιάδος | Σουνιάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀθηνᾶς | amod | medium | Ethnic/epithet modifying Ἀθηνᾶς; feminine genitive. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 13 κορυφῇ | case | high | |
| 13 | κορυφῇ | κορυφή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ναὸς | obl | high | Locative phrase dependent on ναός. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἄκρας | det | high | |
| 15 | ἄκρας | ἄκρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 κορυφῇ | nmod | high | |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστὶ | punct | high |
πλέοντι δὲ ἐς τὸ πρόσω Λαύριόν τέ ἐστιν, ἔνθα ποτὲ Ἀθηναίοις ἦν ἀργύρου μέταλλα, καὶ νῆσος ἔρημος οὐ μεγάλη Πατρόκλου καλουμένη·
The sentence has coordinated nominal subjects/predications under ἐστιν: Λαύριον and νῆσος; ἔνθα introduces a relative clause attached to Λαύριον, while καλουμένη modifies νῆσος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλέοντι | πλέω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Dative present active participle, circumstantial with ἐστιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 πρόσω | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 πρόσω | det | high | |
| 5 | πρόσω | πρόσω | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 πλέοντι | obl | high | Substantivized directional adverb with ἐς. |
| 6 | Λαύριόν | Λαύριον | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Neuter place-name, subject of ἐστιν; accent/form may obscure nominal analysis. |
| 7 | τέ | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Λαύριόν | cc | high | Correlative/conjunctive τε linking Λαύριον with νῆσος. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 ἦν | advmod | high | Locative adverb introducing the relative clause. |
| 11 | ποτὲ | ποτέ | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 ἦν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 12 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἦν | iobj | high | Dative of possession/interest with ἦν. |
| 13 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 Λαύριόν | acl:relcl | high | Imperfect of εἰμί in clause modifying Λαύριον. |
| 14 | ἀργύρου | ἄργυρος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μέταλλα | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the metal. |
| 15 | μέταλλα | μέταλλον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 νῆσος | cc | high | |
| 18 | νῆσος | νῆσος | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject/predicate nominal with ἐστιν. |
| 19 | ἔρημος | ἔρημος | ADJ | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 νῆσος | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with νῆσος. |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 μεγάλη | advmod | high | |
| 21 | μεγάλη | μέγας | ADJ | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 νῆσος | amod | high | Adjective modifying νῆσος, with οὐ. |
| 22 | Πατρόκλου | Πάτροκλος | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 καλουμένη | obl | medium | Genitive associated with καλουμένη, naming the island after Patroclus. |
| 23 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 18 νῆσος | acl | high | Passive participial adjunct modifying νῆσος. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τεῖχος γὰρ ᾠκοδομήσατο ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ χάρακα ἐβάλετο Πάτροκλος, ὃς τριήρεσιν ὑπέπλει ναύαρχος Αἰγυπτίαις, ἃς Πτολεμαῖος ὁ Πτολεμαίου τοῦ Λάγου τιμωρεῖν ἔστειλεν Ἀθηναίοις, ὅτε σφίσιν Ἀντίγονος ὁ Δημητρίου στρατιᾷ τε αὐτὸς ἐσβεβληκὼς ἔφθειρε τὴν χώραν καὶ ναυσὶν ἅμα ἐκ θαλάσσης κατεῖργεν.
The long relative/temporal structure is anchored by ἐβάλετο; ὃς introduces a relative clause with ναύαρχος as apposition, while ὅτε introduces the temporal clause containing coordinated ἔφθειρε and κατεῖργεν. The parser-style attachment of the relative clause to ὑπέπλει is somewhat conventional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ᾠκοδομήσατο | obj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | g-------- | _ | 3 ᾠκοδομήσατο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ᾠκοδομήσατο | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | v3saom--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 ἐβάλετο | conj | high | |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 5 αὐτῇ | case | high | |
| 5 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 3 ᾠκοδομήσατο | obl | high | Refers to the preceding location. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ἐβάλετο | cc | high | |
| 7 | χάρακα | χάραξ | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐβάλετο | obj | high | |
| 8 | ἐβάλετο | βάλλω | VERB | v3saom--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Πάτροκλος | Πάτροκλος | PROPN | ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐβάλετο | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐβάλετο | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | pr-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 ὑπέπλει | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | τριήρεσιν | τριήρης | NOUN | n-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 ὑπέπλει | obl | medium | Means 'with/by triremes'; instrumental dative. |
| 13 | ὑπέπλει | ὑποπλέω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 14 ναύαρχος | acl:relcl | high | |
| 14 | ναύαρχος | ναύαρχος | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πάτροκλος | appos | high | |
| 15 | Αἰγυπτίαις | Αἰγύπτιος | ADJ | a-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 τριήρεσιν | amod | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὑπέπλει | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | pr-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 24 ἔστειλεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to the Egyptian triremes. |
| 18 | Πτολεμαῖος | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἔστειλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Πτολεμαίου | det | high | |
| 20 | Πτολεμαίου | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Πτολεμαῖος | appos | high | Patronymic/name specification. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Λάγου | det | high | |
| 22 | Λάγου | Λάγος | PROPN | ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Πτολεμαίου | appos | high | |
| 23 | τιμωρεῖν | τιμωρέω | VERB | v--pan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 ἔστειλεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive of purpose. |
| 24 | ἔστειλεν | στέλλω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ὑπέπλει | advcl:relcl | high | |
| 25 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | ne-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 τιμωρεῖν | iobj | high | Beneficiary/recipient of τιμωρεῖν. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἔστειλεν | punct | high | |
| 27 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 36 ἔφθειρε | mark | high | |
| 28 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | p-p---md- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 36 ἔφθειρε | iobj | medium | Dative of disadvantage/reference. |
| 29 | Ἀντίγονος | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἔφθειρε | nsubj | high | |
| 30 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 Δημητρίου | det | high | |
| 31 | Δημητρίου | Δημήτριος | PROPN | ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Ἀντίγονος | appos | high | Patronymic/name specification. |
| 32 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ἐσβεβληκὼς | obl | high | Dative instrumental/means with ἐσβεβληκώς. |
| 33 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 35 ἐσβεβληκὼς | cc | high | Correlative with καί at token 39. |
| 34 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int | 35 ἐσβεβληκὼς | nsubj | medium | Emphatic nominative 'he himself'. |
| 35 | ἐσβεβληκὼς | ἐσβάλλω | VERB | v-srpamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 36 ἔφθειρε | advcl | high | |
| 36 | ἔφθειρε | φθείρω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 44 κατεῖργεν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὅτε-clause. |
| 37 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 χώραν | det | high | |
| 38 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 ἔφθειρε | obj | high | |
| 39 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 44 κατεῖργεν | cc | high | Coordinates κατεῖργεν with ἔφθειρε. |
| 40 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | n-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 44 κατεῖργεν | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 41 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | d-------- | _ | 44 κατεῖργεν | advmod | high | |
| 42 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 43 θαλάσσης | case | high | |
| 43 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 κατεῖργεν | obl | high | |
| 44 | κατεῖργεν | κατείργω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 24 ἔστειλεν | acl:relcl | high | Second finite verb in the temporal clause; coordinated with ἔφθειρε. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐβάλετο | punct | high |