Pausanias Analysis

Passage 8.45.1 Class: Mythic

Τεγεᾶται δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν Τεγεάτου τοῦ Λυκάονος τῇ χώρᾳ φασὶν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι μόνῃ τὸ ὄνομα, τοῖς δὲ ἀνθρώποις κατὰ δήμους εἶναι τὰς οἰκήσεις, Γαρεάτας καὶ Φυλακεῖς καὶ Καρυάτας τε καὶ Κορυθεῖς, ἔτι δὲ Πωταχίδας καὶ Οἰάτας Μανθυρεῖς τε καὶ Ἐχευήθεις· ἐπὶ δὲ Ἀφείδαντος βασιλεύοντος καὶ ἔνατός σφισι δῆμος προσεγένετο Ἀφείδαντες· τῆς δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πόλεως οἰκιστὴς ἐγένετο Ἄλεος.

Proper Nouns:

Γαρεᾶται Καρυᾶται Κορυθεῖς Λυκάων Μανθυρεῖς Οἰᾶται Πωταχίδαι Τεγεάτης Τεγεᾶται Φυλακεῖς Ἀφείδαντες Ἀφείδας Ἄλεος Ἐχευήθεις

The Tegeans say that their land took its name originally from Tegeates, the son of Lycaon; at that time the inhabitants dwelt separately in parishes, namely the Gareatae, Phylakeis, Caryatae, Corytheis, Potachidae, Oeatae, Manthyreans, and Echeuetheis. In the reign of Apheidas a ninth parish, that of the Apheidantes, was added to these. Aleus was the founder of the city as it exists in our time.

Passage 8.45.2 Class: Mythic

Τεγεάταις δὲ παρὲξ ἢ τὰ Ἀρκάδων κοινά, ἐν οἷς ἔστι μὲν ὁ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ πόλεμος, ἔστι δὲ τὰ Μηδικά τε καὶ ἐν Διπαιεῦσιν ὁ πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους ἀγών, παρὲξ οὖν τῶν καταλελεγμένων ἰδίᾳ Τεγεάταις ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς τοσάδε ἐς δόξαν. τὸν γὰρ ἐν Καλυδῶνι ὗν Ἀγκαῖος ὑπέμεινεν ὁ Λυκούργου τρωθείς, καὶ Ἀταλάντη τοξεύει τὸν ὗν καὶ ἔτυχε πρώτη τοῦ θηρίου· τούτων ἕνεκα αὐτῇ ἡ κεφαλή τε τοῦ ὑὸς καὶ τὸ δέρμα ἀριστεῖα ἐδόθη.

Proper Nouns:

Διπαῖον Καλυδών Λακεδαιμόνιοι Λυκοῦργος Τεγεᾶται Ἀγκαῖος Ἀρκάδες Ἀταλάντη Ἴλιον

The Tegeans, besides the honours common to all Arcadians—among which are included the Trojan War, the Persian wars, and the battle at Dipaea against the Lacedaemonians—have also privately the following claims to glory: Ancaios, son of Lycurgus, stood his ground against the Calydonian boar, though wounded, and Atalanta shot her arrow at the beast and was the first to hit it. Because of these deeds, the head and hide of the boar were awarded to her as a prize of honour.

Passage 8.45.3 Class: Mythic

Ἡρακλειδῶν δὲ ἐς Πελοπόννησον κατιόντων Ἔχεμος ὁ Ἀερόπου Τεγεάτης ἐμονομάχησεν ἰδίᾳ πρὸς Ὕλλον, καὶ ἐκράτησε τοῦ Ὕλλου τῇ μάχῃ. Λακεδαιμονίους τε οἱ Τεγεᾶται πρῶτοι Ἀρκάδων σφίσιν ἐπιστρατεύσαντας ἐνίκησαν καὶ αἰχμαλώτους αἱροῦσιν αὐτῶν τοὺς πολλούς.

Proper Nouns:

Λακεδαιμόνιοι Πελοπόννησος Τεγεάτης Τεγεᾶται Ἀέροπος Ἀρκάδες Ἔχεμος Ἡρακλεῖδαι Ὕλλος

When the Heracleidae were descending into the Peloponnese, Echemos, son of Aeropos, a Tegean, engaged in single combat individually against Hyllos, and defeated Hyllos in the battle. The Tegeans also were the first of the Arcadians to defeat the Lacedaemonians who had attacked them, capturing many of them as prisoners.

Passage 8.45.4 Class: Mythic

Τεγεάταις δὲ Ἀθηνᾶς τῆς Ἀλέας τὸ ἱερὸν τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἐποίησεν Ἄλεος· χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον κατεσκευάσαντο οἱ Τεγεᾶται τῇ θεῷ ναὸν μέγαν τε καὶ θέας ἄξιον. ἐκεῖνο μὲν δὴ πῦρ ἠφάνισεν ἐπινεμηθὲν ἐξαίφνης, Διοφάντου παρʼ Ἀθηναίοις ἄρχοντος, δευτέρῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς ἕκτης καὶ ἐνενηκοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος, ἣν Εὐπόλεμος Ἠλεῖος ἐνίκα στάδιον.

Proper Nouns:

Διόφαντος Εὐπόλεμος Τεγεάται Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθηνᾶ Ἀλέα Ἄλεος Ἠλεῖος Ὀλυμπιάς

For the Tegeans, Aleos built the ancient sanctuary of Athena Alea. Later, in the course of time, the Tegeans constructed for the goddess a temple that was large and worthy of admiration. But this temple was suddenly destroyed by fire spreading swiftly, during the archonship of Diophantus at Athens, in the second year of the ninety-sixth Olympiad, in which Eupolemos of Elis won the stadion race.

Passage 8.45.5 Class: Historical

ὁ δὲ ναὸς ὁ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πολὺ δή τι τῶν ναῶν, ὅσοι Πελοποννησίοις εἰσίν, ἐς κατασκευὴν προέχει τὴν ἄλλην καὶ ἐς μέγεθος. ὁ μὲν δὴ πρῶτός ἐστιν αὐτῷ κόσμος τῶν κιόνων Δώριος, ὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τούτῳ Κορίνθιος· ἑστήκασι δὲ καὶ ἐντὸς τοῦ ναοῦ κίονες ἐργασίας τῆς Ἰώνων. ἀρχιτέκτονα δὲ ἐπυνθανόμην Σκόπαν αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι τὸν Πάριον, ὃς καὶ ἀγάλματα πολλαχοῦ τῆς ἀρχαίας Ἑλλάδος, τὰ δὲ καὶ περὶ Ἰωνίαν τε καὶ Καρίαν ἐποίησε.

Proper Nouns:

Δωρίς Καρία Κόρινθος Πάριος Πελοπόννησος Σκόπας Ἑλλάς Ἰωνία Ἴωνες

The temple of our day surpasses indeed by far all temples that exist among the Peloponnesians, both in terms of its general construction and its size. Its outer colonnade is in the Doric order, and upon this there is a Corinthian one; inside the temple as well stand columns in Ionic workmanship. I was informed that the architect was Scopas the Parian, who also made statues in many places throughout ancient Greece, and even some around Ionia and Caria.

Passage 8.45.6 Class: Mythic

τὰ δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἀετοῖς ἐστιν ἔμπροσθεν ἡ θήρα τοῦ ὑὸς τοῦ Καλυδωνίου· πεποιημένου δὲ κατὰ μέσον μάλιστα τοῦ ὑὸς τῇ μέν ἐστιν Ἀταλάντη καὶ Μελέαγρος καὶ Θησεὺς Τελαμών τε καὶ Πηλεὺς καὶ Πολυδεύκης καὶ Ἰόλαος, ὃς τὰ πλεῖστα Ἡρακλεῖ συνέκαμνε τῶν ἔργων, καὶ Θεστίου παῖδες, ἀδελφοὶ δὲ Ἀλθαίας, Πρόθους καὶ Κομήτης·

Proper Nouns:

Θέστιος Θησεύς Καλυδώνιος Κομήτης Μελέαγρος Πηλεύς Πολυδεύκης Πρόθους Τελαμών Ἀλθαία Ἀταλάντη Ἡρακλῆς Ἰόλαος

On the front pediment is depicted the hunt of the Calydonian boar. The boar is placed particularly at the center, and around it stand Atalanta and Meleager, as well as Theseus, Telamon, Peleus, Polydeuces, and Iolaus, the latter having been Heracles' frequent companion in his labors; also there are the sons of Thestius, Prothous and Cometes, brothers of Althaea.

Passage 8.45.7 Class: Mythic

κατὰ δὲ τοῦ ὑὸς τὰ ἕτερα Ἀγκαῖον ἔχοντα ἤδη τραύματα καὶ ἀφέντα τὸν πέλεκυν ἀνέχων ἐστὶν Ἔποχος, παρὰ δὲ αὐτὸν Κάστωρ καὶ Ἀμφιάραος Ὀικλέους, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς Ἱππόθους ὁ Κερκυόνος τοῦ Ἀγαμήδους τοῦ Στυμφήλου· τελευταῖος δέ ἐστιν εἰργασμένος Πειρίθους. τὰ δὲ ὄπισθεν πεποιημένα ἐν τοῖς ἀετοῖς Τηλέφου πρὸς Ἀχιλλέα ἐστὶν ἡ ἐν Καΐκου πεδίῳ μάχη.

Proper Nouns:

Κάστωρ Καΐκος Κερκύων Πειρίθους Στύμφηλος Τήλεφος Ἀγαμήδης Ἀγκαῖος Ἀμφιάραος Ἀχιλλεύς Ἔποχος Ἱππόθους

Opposite the boar, on the other side, is Epochos, who is supporting Ankaios, already wounded and having dropped his axe. Beside him are Kastor and Amphiaraos, the son of Oikles; beyond them is Hippothoos, the son of Kerkyon, who was the son of Agamedes of Stymphalos. Last depicted is Peirithoos. On the back of the shield, carved upon the ornamental borders (eagles), is the battle of Telephos against Achilles in the plain by the Kaikos.

Legend:

Chapter 8.45