Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.23.1 | 1 | Ἕλληνες δὲ ἄλλα τε λέγουσι καὶ ἄνδρας ἑπτὰ γενέσθαι σοφούς. | The Greeks say various things, among them that there arose seven wise men. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.23.1 | 2 | τούτων καὶ τὸν Λέσβιον τύραννον καὶ Περίανδρον εἶναί φασι τὸν Κυψέλου· | Of these they also mention the Lesbian tyrant and Periander, son of Cypselus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.1 | 3 | καίτοι Περιάνδρου Πεισίστρατος καὶ ὁ παῖς Ἱππίας φιλάνθρωποι μᾶλλον καὶ σοφώτεροι τά τε πολεμικὰ ἦσαν καὶ ὅσα ἧκεν ἐς κόσμον τῶν πολιτῶν, ἐς ὃ διὰ τὸν Ἱππάρχου θάνατον Ἱππίας ἄλλα τε ἐχρήσατο θυμῷ καὶ ἐς γυναῖκα ὄνομα Λέαιναν. | And yet Peisistratus and his son Hippias were more humane than Periander and wiser both in military matters and in whatever related to the good order of their citizens, until, because of Hipparchus' death, Hippias gave way to rage in various ways, including against the woman named Leaena. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.10 | 1 | τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἑρμόλυκον τὸν παγκρατιαστὴν καὶ Φορμίωνα τὸν Ἀσωπίχου γραψάντων ἑτέρων παρίημι· ἐς δὲ Φορμίωνα τοσόνδε ἔχω πλέον γράψαι. | I pass over what others have already written concerning Hermolykos the pancratiast and Phormio the son of Asopichos; however, I have more to record regarding Phormio. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.10 | 2 | Φορμίωνι γὰρ τοῖς ἐπιεικέσιν Ἀθηναίων ὄντι ὁμοίῳ καὶ ἐς προγόνων δόξαν οὐκ ἀφανεῖ συνέβαινεν ὀφείλειν χρέα· | This Phormio, though equal in nobility to the most distinguished Athenians and descended from ancestors of notable reputation, happened nevertheless to be burdened by debt. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.10 | 3 | ἀναχωρήσας οὖν ἐς τὸν Παιανιέα δῆμον ἐνταῦθα εἶχε δίαιταν, | Thus, withdrawing to the deme of Paiania, he lived there in retirement. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.10 | 4 | ἐς ὃ ναύαρχον αὐτὸν Ἀθηναίων αἱρουμένων ἐκπλεύσεσθαι οὐκ ἔφασκεν· ὀφείλειν τε γὰρ καί οἱ, πρὶν ἂν ἐκτίσῃ, πρὸς τοὺς στρατιώτας οὐκ εἶναι παρέχεσθαι φρόνημα. | When the Athenians elected him admiral, he declared he would not set sail, asserting he owed debts and that, until he had repaid them, he could not maintain proper authority among his troops. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.10 | 5 | οὕτως Ἀθηναῖοι---πάντως γὰρ ἐβούλοντο ἄρχειν Φορμίωνα---τὰ χρέα ὁπόσοις ὤφειλε διαλύουσιν. | The Athenians, who by all means wished Phormio to command, accordingly settled for him all the debts he owed. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.2 | 1 | ταύτην γάρ, ἐπεί τε ἀπέθανεν Ἵππαρχος, ---λέγω δὲ οὐκ ἐς συγγραφὴν πρότερον ἥκοντα, πιστὰ δὲ ἄλλως Ἀθηναίων τοῖς πολλοῖς---Ἱππίας εἶχεν ἐν αἰκίᾳ ἐς ὃ διέφθειρεν, οἷα ἑταίραν Ἀριστογείτονος ἐπιστάμενος οὖσαν καὶ τὸ βούλευμα οὐδαμῶς ἀγνοῆσαι δοξάζων· | For after Hipparchus had been killed, Hippias—so it is said in a story not previously recorded, but nevertheless believed by the majority of Athenians—held this woman under torture until she died, because he knew she was Aristogeiton's mistress and assumed she must have had knowledge of the conspiracy. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.23.2 | 2 | ἀντὶ δὲ τούτων, ἐπεὶ τυραννίδος ἐπαύθησαν οἱ Πεισιστρατίδαι, χαλκῆ λέαινα Ἀθηναίοις ἐστὶν ἐς μνήμην τῆς γυναικός, παρὰ δὲ αὐτὴν ἄγαλμα Ἀφροδίτης, ὃ Καλλίου τέ φασιν ἀνάθημα εἶναι καὶ ἔργον Καλάμιδος . | In recognition of these events, when the sons of Peisistratus had been expelled from their tyranny, the Athenians dedicated a bronze statue of a lioness in memory of this woman, and beside it stands a statue of Aphrodite, which is said to have been both a dedication by Callias and the work of Calamis. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 1 | πλησίον δέ ἐστι Διιτρέφους χαλκοῦς ἀνδριὰς ὀιστοῖς βεβλημένος. | Nearby is a bronze statue of Diitrephes, pierced through with arrows. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 2 | οὗτος ὁ Διιτρέφης ἄλλα τε ἔπραξεν ὁπόσα λέγουσιν Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Θρᾷκας μισθωτοὺς ἀφικομένους ὕστερον ἢ Δημοσθένης ἐς Συρακούσας ἐξέπλευσε, | This Diitrephes performed several notable deeds, according to the Athenians, and among them was his handling of the Thracian mercenaries who arrived too late—after Demosthenes had already sailed away towards Syracuse. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 3 | τούτους ὡς ὑστέρησαν ὁ Διιτρέφης ἀπῆγεν ὀπίσω. καὶ δὴ κατὰ τὸν Χαλκιδικὸν ἔσχεν Εὔριπον, ἔνθα Βοιωτῶν ἐν μεσογαίᾳ πόλις Μυκαλησσὸς ἦν· | Being thus delayed, Diitrephes led these Thracians back again, and on their way he reached the Euripus in Chalcidice, near the inland Boeotian city Mycalessus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 4 | ταύτην ἐπαναβὰς ἐκ θαλάσσης ὁ Λιιτρέφης εἷλε. | Landing there from the sea, Diitrephes captured the city. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 5 | Μυκαλησσίων δὲ οὐ μόνον τὸ μάχιμον οἱ Θρᾷκες ἀλλὰ καὶ γυναῖκας ἐφόνευσαν καὶ παῖδας. | The Thracians, attacking Mycalessus, killed not only the fighting men but also the women and the children. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 6 | μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι· Βοιωτῶν γὰρ ὅσους ἀνέστησαν Θηβαῖοι, ᾠκοῦντο αἱ πόλεις ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ, διαφυγόντων ὑπὸ τὴν ἅλωσιν τῶν ἀνθρώπων· | I have evidence of this, since among the Boeotian towns destroyed by the Thebans, only those cities still inhabited in my day were ones whose people survived despite the destruction. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.3 | 7 | εἰ δὲ καὶ Μυκαλησσίοις οἱ βάρβαροι μὴ πᾶσιν ἀποκτείναντες ἐπεξῆλθον, ὕστερον ἂν τὴν πόλιν ἀπέλαβον οἱ λειφθέντες. | Had the foreigners not killed all of the Mycalessians as they advanced through the town, those who remained alive would later have recovered their city. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.4 | 1 | τοσοῦτον μὲν παρέστη μοι θαῦμα ἐς τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ Διιτρέφους, ὅτι ὀιστοῖς ἐβέβλητο, Ἕλλησιν ὅτι μὴ Κρησὶν οὐκ ἐπιχώριον ὂν τοξεύειν· | What especially surprised me about the image of Diitrephes was that he had been pierced by arrows, because among Greeks, except for the Cretans, archery was not customary. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.4 | 2 | Λοκροὺς γὰρ τοὺς Ὀπουντίους ὁπλιτεύοντας ἤδη κατὰ τὰ Μηδικὰ ἴσμεν, οὓς Ὅμηρος ἐποίησεν ὡς φερόμενοι τόξα καὶ σφενδόνας ἐς Ἴλιον ἔλθοιεν· | For though we know that the Opuntian Locrians already fought as heavy infantry in the Persian Wars, Homer depicted them as having come to Troy equipped with bows and slings. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.4 | 3 | οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ Μαλιεῦσι παρέμεινε μελέτη τῶν τόξων, δοκῶ δὲ οὔτε πρότερον ἐπίστασθαι σφᾶς πρὶν ἢ Φιλοκτήτην, παύσασθαί τε οὐ διὰ μακροῦ· | Nor did archery continue to be practiced among the Malians; indeed, I think they had been unfamiliar with the bow until Philoctetes, and not long afterward they ceased from its use. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.23.4 | 4 | τοῦ δὲ Διιτρέφους πλησίον---τὰς γὰρ εἰκόνας τὰς ἀφανεστέρας γράφειν οὐκ ἐθέλω---θεῶν ἀγάλματά ἐστιν Ὑγείας τε, ἣν Ἀσκληπιοῦ παῖδα εἶναι λέγουσι, καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς ἐπίκλησιν καὶ ταύτης Ὑγείας. | Near the statue of Diitrephes—I prefer not to describe the more obscure sculptures—stand images of gods, including Hygieia, said to be the daughter of Asclepius, and Athena, bearing the surname Hygieia as well. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.23.5 | 1 | ἔστι δὲ λίθος οὐ μέγας, ἀλλʼ ὅσον καθίζεσθαι μικρὸν ἄνδρα· ἐπὶ τούτῳ λέγουσιν, ἡνίκα Διόνυσος ἦλθεν ἐς τὴν γῆν, ἀναπαύσασθαι τὸν Σιληνόν. | There is a stone, not large indeed, but just large enough for a small man to sit upon; on this stone, they say, Silenus rested when Dionysus came into the land. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.23.5 | 2 | τοὺς γὰρ ἡλικίᾳ τῶν Σατύρων προήκοντας ὀνομάζουσι Σιληνούς· | For those among the Satyrs who are older in age are given the name Sileni. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.5 | 3 | περὶ δὲ Σατύρων, οἵτινές εἰσιν, ἑτέρου πλέον ἐθέλων ἐπίστασθαι πολλοῖς αὐτῶν τούτων ἕνεκα ἐς λόγους ἦλθον. | Concerning the Satyrs, who they really are, I have spoken at greater length elsewhere, wishing to know more about them precisely for these reasons. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.23.5 | 4 | ἔφη δὲ Εὔφημος Κὰρ ἀνὴρ πλέων ἐς Ἰταλίαν ἁμαρτεῖν ὑπὸ ἀνέμων τοῦ πλοῦ καὶ ἐς τὴν ἔξω θάλασσαν, ἐς ἣν οὐκέτι πλέουσιν, ἐξενεχθῆναι. | Euphemus, a Carian man, reported that while sailing towards Italy he was driven off course by winds, and carried out into the open sea, into waters where people no longer travel. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.5 | 5 | νήσους δὲ εἶναι μὲν ἔλεγεν ἐρήμους πολλάς, ἐν δὲ ἄλλαις οἰκεῖν ἄνδρας ἀγρίους· | He stated that there were many islands lying desolate, but that on others savage men dwell. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.6 | 1 | ταύταις δὲ οὐκ ἐθέλειν νήσοις προσίσχειν τοὺς ναύτας οἷα πρότερόν τε προσσχόντας καὶ τῶν ἐνοικούντων οὐκ ἀπείρως ἔχοντας, βιασθῆναι δʼ οὖν καὶ τότε. | The sailors are unwilling to put ashore on these islands, as previously, when they landed there lacking knowledge of the inhabitants, they had been violently attacked. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.6 | 2 | ταύτας καλεῖσθαι μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν ναυτῶν Σατυρίδας, εἶναι δὲ τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας καὶ καπυροὺς καὶ ἵππων οὐ πολὺ μείους ἔχειν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἰσχίοις οὐράς. | Even on this occasion they had trouble. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.6 | 3 | τούτους, ὡς ᾔσθοντο, καταδραμόντας ἐπὶ τὴν ναῦν φωνὴν μὲν οὐδεμίαν ἱέναι, ταῖς δὲ γυναιξὶν ἐπιχειρεῖν ταῖς ἐν τῇ νηί· | These islands the sailors call the Satyrides, and their inhabitants are tawny-haired, having tails at their hips not much smaller than those of horses. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.23.6 | 4 | τέλος δὲ δείσαντας τοὺς ναύτας βάρβαρον γυναῖκα ἐκβαλεῖν ἐς τὴν νῆσον· | On perceiving the ship, these creatures ran down to it, making no vocal sound, and started laying hands on the women who were aboard. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.6 | 5 | ἐς ταύτην οὖν ὑβρίζειν τοὺς Σατύρους οὐ μόνον ᾗ καθέστηκεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ πᾶν ὁμοίως σῶμα. | Finally, in their fear, the sailors turned loose on the island a foreign woman, upon whom the satyrs then outraged not only as is natural, but indeed upon her whole body indiscriminately. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.7 | 1 | καὶ ἄλλα ἐν τῇ Ἀθηναίων ἀκροπόλει θεασάμενος οἶδα, Λυκίου τοῦ Μύρωνος χαλκοῦν παῖδα, ὃς τὸ περιρραντήριον ἔχει, καὶ Μύρωνος Περσέα τὸ ἐς Μέδουσαν ἔργον εἰργασμένον. | I have also seen other things on the Acropolis of the Athenians: the bronze figure of a boy by Lycius, son of Myron, holding the basin for ritual purification, and Perseus by Myron, a work crafted in reference to Medusa. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.7 | 2 | καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερόν ἐστι Βραυρωνίας, Πραξιτέλους μὲν τέχνη τὸ ἄγαλμα, τῇ θεῷ δέ ἐστιν ἀπὸ Βραυρῶνος δήμου τὸ ὄνομα καὶ τὸ ἀρχαῖον ξόανόν ἐστιν ἐν Βραυρῶνι, Ἄρτεμις ὡς λέγουσιν ἡ Ταυρική. | There is also a sanctuary of Artemis Brauronia, and the statue is by Praxiteles; the goddess takes her name from the deme of Brauron, and the ancient wooden image is at Brauron, where, as they say, Artemis is worshipped as she is in Tauris. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.23.8 | 1 | ἵππος δὲ ὁ καλούμενος Δούριος ἀνάκειται χαλκοῦς. | There is a bronze horse there called the Trojan Horse. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.8 | 2 | καὶ ὅτι μὲν τὸ ποίημα τὸ Ἐπειοῦ μηχάνημα ἦν ἐς διάλυσιν τοῦ τείχους, οἶδεν ὅστις μὴ πᾶσαν ἐπιφέρει τοῖς Φρυξὶν εὐήθειαν· | That this contrivance of Epeius was built for the purpose of breaching the city's walls no one doubts, unless he attributes complete folly to the Phrygians. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.23.8 | 3 | λέγεται δὲ ἔς τε ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἵππον ὡς τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἔνδον ἔχοι τοὺς ἀρίστους, καὶ δὴ καὶ τοῦ χαλκοῦ τὸ σχῆμά ἐστι κατὰ ταῦτα· | It is told regarding this horse how the best warriors of the Greeks lay hidden inside, and the bronze work itself reflects this very arrangement. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.8 | 4 | καὶ Μενεσθεὺς καὶ Τεῦκρος ὑπερκύπτουσιν ἐξ αὐτοῦ, προσέτι δὲ καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ Θησέως. | Menestheus and Teucer are depicted peering out of it, as well as the sons of Theseus. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.23.9 | 1 | ἀνδριάντων δὲ ὅσοι μετὰ τὸν ἵππον ἑστήκασιν Ἐπιχαρίνου μὲν ὁπλιτοδρομεῖν ἀσκήσαντος τὴν εἰκόνα ἐποίησε Κριτίας , Οἰνοβίῳ δὲ ἔργον ἐστὶν ἐς Θουκυδίδην τὸν Ὀλόρου χρηστόν· ψήφισμα γὰρ ἐνίκησεν Οἰνόβιος κατελθεῖν ἐς Ἀθήνας Θουκυδίδην, καί οἱ δολοφονηθέντι ὡς κατῄει μνῆμά ἐστιν οὐ πόρρω πυλῶν Μελιτίδων. | Of the statues which stand beyond the horse, Kritias fashioned the likeness of Epicharinos, who had trained himself in the race of heavy-armed men. | Historical | Not Skeptical |