Pausanias Analysis

Greek passages split into sentences with English translation

Chapter 3.14

Passage Sentence Greek English Era Skepticism
3.14.1 1 ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀγορᾶς πρὸς ἥλιον ἰόντι δυόμενον τάφος κενὸς Βρασίδᾳ τῷ Τέλλιδος πεποίηται· From the marketplace, going toward the setting sun, there is the empty tomb built in honor of Brasidas, son of Tellis. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.1 2 ἀπέχει δὲ οὐ πολὺ τοῦ τάφου τὸ θέατρον, λίθου λευκοῦ, θέας ἄξιον. Not far from this tomb is the theater, constructed from white stone, worthy of seeing. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.1 3 τοῦ θεάτρου δὲ ἀπαντικρὺ Παυσανίου τοῦ Πλαταιᾶσιν ἡγησαμένου μνῆμά ἐστι, τὸ δὲ ἕτερον Λεωνίδου--- Opposite the theater is the memorial of Pausanias, who led the forces at Plataea, and another belonging to Leonidas. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.1 4 καὶ λόγους κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς λέγουσι καὶ τιθέασιν ἀγῶνα, ἐν ᾧ πλὴν Σπαρτιατῶν ἄλλῳ γε οὐκ ἔστιν ἀγωνίζεσθαι---, Each year they recite speeches over these tombs and hold contests, in which no one except Spartans is permitted to compete. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.1 5 τὰ δὲ ὀστᾶ τοῦ Λεωνίδου τεσσαράκοντα ἔτεσιν ὕστερον ἀνελομένου ἐκ Θερμοπυλῶν τοῦ Παυσανίου. The bones of Leonidas were brought back from Thermopylae by Pausanias forty years later. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.1 6 κεῖται δὲ καὶ στήλη πατρόθεν τὰ ὀνόματα ἔχουσα οἳ πρὸς Μήδους τὸν ἐν Θερμοπύλαις ἀγῶνα ὑπέμειναν. There stands also a stele bearing the names according to their paternal lineage of those who endured the fight against the Medes at Thermopylae. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 1 ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ θυσίᾳ κάπρους ἠθάδας οἱ ἔφηβοι συμβάλλουσι μαχουμένους· At the sacrifice, the ephebes set two trained boars to fight against each other. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 2 ὁποτέρων δʼ ἂν ὁ κάπρος τύχῃ νικῶν, ἐστιν ἐν τῷ Πλατανιστᾷ κρατῆσαι τούτους ὡς τὰ πλείω συμβαίνει. Whichever side's boar happens to win, that group usually prevails in the contest at the Platanistas. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 3 τοσάδε μὲν δρῶσιν ἐν τῷ Φοιβαίῳ· Such are their proceedings in the Phoibaion. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 4 ἐς δὲ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ὀλίγον πρὸ μεσούσης ἡμέρας ἐσίασι κατὰ τὰς γεφύρας ἐς τὸ εἰρημένον χωρίον. On the following day, shortly before midday, the youths enter across the bridges into the aforementioned place. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 5 τὴν μὲν δὴ ἔσοδον, καθʼ ἣν ἐσελθεῖν δεῦρο ἔστιν ἑκατέραν τάξιν, προεδήλωσε κλῆρός σφισιν ἐν τῇ νυκτί· During the preceding night, lots have already determined for each group the entrance by which they must approach. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 6 μάχονται δὲ καὶ ἐν χερσὶ καὶ ἐμπηδῶντες λάξ, δάκνουσί τε καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀντορύσσουσιν. They fight both hand-to-hand and by kicking and leaping upon one another; they bite and even try to gouge out each other's eyes. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 7 ἀνὴρ μὲν δὴ πρὸς ἄνδρα τὸν εἰρημένον τρόπον μάχεται· Thus man grapples against man in the manner described. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.10 8 ἀθρόοι δέ ἐμπίπτουσι βιαίως καὶ ἐς τὸ ὕδωρ ὠθοῦσιν ἀλλήλους. They rush together violently in groups and push each other into the water. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.2 1 καλεῖται δὲ ἐν τῇ Σπάρτῃ Θεομηλίδα χωρίον· In Sparta there is a place called Theomelida. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.2 2 κατὰ τοῦτο τῆς πόλεως τάφοι τῶν Ἀγιαδῶν βασιλέων εἰσὶ καὶ πλησίον ὀνομαζομένη λέσχη Κροτανῶν· εἰσὶ δὲ οἱ Κροτανοὶ Πιτανατῶν μοῖρα. In this part of the city lie the tombs of the Agiad kings, and nearby is a meeting hall named the Lesche of the Crotani—now, the Crotani are a section of the Pitana district. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.2 3 Ἀσκληπιοῦ δὲ οὐ πόρρω τῆς λέσχης ἐστὶν ἱερὸν, ἐν Ἀγιαδῶν καλούμενον. Not far from the Lesche is a sanctuary dedicated to Asclepius, situated at the place known as Agiadai. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.2 4 προελθοῦσι δὲ Ταινάρου μνῆμά ἐστι, καὶ τὴν ἄκραν τὴν ἐς θάλασσαν ἐσέχουσαν ἀπὸ τούτου φασὶν ὀνομασθῆναι· Going forward, one finds a monument to Tainaros, and they say that the promontory extending into the sea received its name from him. Mythic Skeptical
3.14.2 5 θεῶν δὲ ἱερὰ Ποσειδῶνός ἐστιν Ἱπποκουρίου καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος Αἰγιναίας. There are also temples dedicated to the gods Poseidon Hippokourios and Artemis Aiginaia. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.2 6 ἐπανελθοῦσι δὲ ὀπίσω πρὸς τὴν λέσχην ἐστὶν Ἀρτέμιδος Ἰσσωρίας ἱερόν· Returning backward towards the Lesche, there is a sanctuary of Artemis Issoria. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.2 7 ἐπονομάζουσι δὲ αὐτὴν καὶ Λιμναίαν, οὖσαν οὐκ Ἄρτεμιν, Βριτόμαρτιν δὲ τὴν Κρητῶν· They call her also Limnaia, yet she is not Artemis but Britomartis of Crete. Mythic Not Skeptical
3.14.2 8 τὰ δὲ ἐς αὐτὴν ὁ Αἰγιναῖος ἔχει μοι λόγος. As for her story, I will reserve it to my description of Aigina itself. Mythic Not Skeptical
3.14.3 1 ἐγγυτάτω δὲ τῶν μνημάτων ἃ τοῖς Ἀγιάδαις πεποίηται στήλην ὄψει, γεγραμμέναι δέ εἰσιν ἃς Χίονις ἀνὴρ Λακεδαιμόνιος δρόμου νίκας ἀνείλετο ἄλλας τε καὶ Ὀλυμπίασιν· ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἑπτὰ ἐγένοντό οἱ νῖκαι, τέσσαρες μὲν σταδίου, διαύλου δὲ αἱ λοιπαί· Nearest to the tombs built for the Agiadai, you will see a pillar, on which are recorded the victories that Chionis, a man of Lacedaemon, won at running, including those at Olympia: here he gained seven victories, four in the stadion race, and the rest in the diaulos (double course). Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.3 2 τὸν δὲ σὺν τῇ ἀσπίδι δρόμον ἐπὶ ἀγῶνι λήγοντι οὐ συνέβαινεν εἶναί πω. At that time the race in armor ("race with the shield") had not yet been established as an event. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.3 3 Χίονιν δὲ καὶ τοῦ στόλου μετασχεῖν τῷ Θηραίῳ Βάττῳ καὶ Κυρήνην οἰκίσαι σὺν ἐκείνῳ καὶ Λιβύων καταστρέψασθαι τοὺς προσχώρους λέγουσιν. They say also that Chionis took part in the expedition of Battus of Thera, helped him found Cyrene, and assisted in subduing the neighboring Libyans. Historical Skeptical
3.14.4 1 τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τῆς Θέτιδος κατασκευασθῆναί φασιν ἐπʼ αἰτίᾳ τοιαύτῃ· They say the sanctuary of Thetis was established for the following reason: Mythic Skeptical
3.14.4 2 πολεμεῖν μὲν πρὸς Μεσσηνίους ἀφεστηκότας, τὸν δὲ βασιλέα σφῶν Ἀνάξανδρον ἐσβαλόντα ἐς τὴν Μεσσηνίαν λαβεῖν αἰχμαλώτους γυναῖκας, ἐν δὲ αὐταῖς εἶναι Κλεώ, Θέτιδος δὲ αὐτὴν ἱέρειαν εἶναι. When the Spartans were at war with the rebelling Messenians, and their king Anaxandros invaded Messenia and captured some women as prisoners, among them was Cleo, who was a priestess of Thetis. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.4 3 ταύτην ἡ τοῦ Ἀναξάνδρου γυνὴ τὴν Κλεὼ παρὰ τοῦ Ἀναξάνδρου αἰτεῖ, καὶ τό τε ξόανον τῆς Θέτιδος ἀνεῦρεν ἔχουσαν καὶ ναὸν μετʼ αὐτῆς ἱδρύσατο τῇ θεῷ· The wife of Anaxandros requested this Cleo from him, and she discovered that Cleo possessed the wooden cult-image of Thetis, and with her she set up a temple dedicated to the goddess. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.4 4 ἐποίει δὲ ταῦτα ἡ Λεανδρὶς κατὰ ὄψιν ὀνείρατος. Leandris (for that was her name) did all this according to a vision she had seen in a dream. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.5 1 τὸ μὲν δὴ ξόανον τῆς Θέτιδος ἐν ἀπορρήτῳ φυλάσσουσι· The wooden image of Thetis is indeed preserved in secrecy. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.5 2 Δήμητρα δὲ Χθονίαν Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν σέβειν φασὶ παραδόντος σφίσιν Ὀρφέως, δόξῃ δὲ ἐμῇ διὰ τὸ ἱερὸν τὸ ἐν Ἑρμιόνῃ κατέστη καὶ τούτοις Χθονίαν νομίζειν Δήμητρα. The Lacedaemonians say that their worship of Demeter Chthonia was handed down to them by Orpheus; yet, in my own opinion, their belief in Demeter as Chthonia arose due to the sanctuary at Hermione. Mythic Skeptical
3.14.5 3 ἔστι δὲ καὶ Σαράπιδος νεώτατον τοῦτο Σπαρτιάταις ἱερὸν καὶ Διὸς ἐπίκλησιν Ὀλυμπίου. There is also a very recent temple of Sarapis among the Spartans, as well as one dedicated to Zeus under the epithet Olympios. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.6 1 καλοῦσι δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι Δρόμον, ἔνθα τοῖς νέοις καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἔτι δρόμου μελέτη καθέστηκεν. The Lacedaemonians call this place the Dromos ("the Course"), where young men, even down to our day, practice running. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.6 2 ἐς τοῦτον τὸν Δρόμον ἰόντι ἀπὸ τοῦ τάφου τῶν Ἀγιαδῶν ἔστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ μνῆμα Εὐμήδους, Ἱπποκόωντος δὲ καὶ οὗτος ἦν ὁ Εὐμήδης· On the way to this Dromos from the tomb of the Agiadai, there is, on your left, the memorial of Eumedes, who also was a son of Hippocoön. Mythic Not Skeptical
3.14.6 3 ἔστι δὲ ἄγαλμα ἀρχαῖον Ἡρακλέους, ᾧ θύουσιν οἱ Σφαιρεῖς· οἱ δέ εἰσιν οἱ ἐκ τῶν ἐφήβων ἐς ἄνδρας ἀρχόμενοι συντελεῖν. There stands also an ancient statue of Heracles, to whom the Sphairai offer sacrifices; these Sphairai are young men at the stage of passing from youth into full adulthood. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.6 4 πεποίηται δὲ καὶ γυμνάσια ἐν τῷ Δρόμῳ, τὸ ἕτερον Εὐρυκλέους ἀνάθημα ἀνδρὸς Σπαρτιάτου· In the Dromos there are also gymnasia, one of which was dedicated by a Spartan named Eurycles. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.6 5 τοῦ Δρόμου δὲ ἐκτὸς κατὰ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τὸ ἄγαλμα ἔστιν οἰκία τὰ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἰδιώτου, Μενελάου τὸ ἀρχαῖον. Outside the Dromos, near the statue of Heracles, there is a house belonging, in our time, to a private citizen, though of old it belonged to Menelaüs. Mythic Not Skeptical
3.14.6 6 προελθόντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ Δρόμου Διοσκούρων ἱερὸν καὶ Χαρίτων, τὸ δὲ Εἰλειθυίας ἐστὶν Ἀπόλλωνός τε Καρνείου καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος Ἡγεμόνης· As one moves further from the Dromos, there is a sanctuary of the Dioscuri and one of the Charites, as well as sanctuaries of Eileithyia, of Apollo Carneius, and of Artemis Hegemone. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.7 1 τὸ δὲ τοῦ Ἀγνίτα πεποίηται μὲν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Δρόμου. The sanctuary of Agnitas is made on the right-hand side of the Course. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.7 2 Ἀσκληπιοῦ δέ ἐστιν ἐπίκλησις ὁ Ἀγνίτας, ὅτι ἦν ἄγνου τῷ θεῷ ξόανον. Agnitas is a surname of Asclepius, derived from the image of the god being carved of agnos (willow). Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.7 3 ἡ δὲ ἄγνος λύγος καὶ αὐτὴ κατὰ ταὐτά ἐστι τῇ ῥάμνῳ. Agnos itself is the same as the shrub called lygos, identical in nature to the rhamnos. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.7 4 τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ δὲ οὐ πόρρω τρόπαιον ἕστηκε, Πολυδεύκην δὲ ἀναστῆσαί φασιν ἐπὶ Λυγκεῖ. Not far from Asclepius stands a trophy, said to have been erected by Polydeuces after his victory over Lynceus. Mythic Skeptical
3.14.7 5 καί μοι κἀμοὶ καὶ τοῦτο ἀποφαίνει τὸν λόγον εἰκότα, οὐ ταφῆναι τοὺς Ἀφαρέως παῖδας ἐν Σπάρτῃ. And this tradition too seems reasonable to me, that the sons of Aphareus were not buried in Sparta. Mythic Not Skeptical
3.14.7 6 πρὸς δὲ τοῦ Δρόμου τῇ ἀρχῇ Διόσκουροί τέ εἰσιν Ἀφετήριοι καὶ ὀλίγον προελθόντι ἡρῷον Ἄλκωνος. Toward the beginning of the Course stand images of the Dioscuri as Starters of the Race, and after proceeding a little further one sees the hero-shrine of Alcon. Mythic Not Skeptical
3.14.7 7 τὸν δὲ Ἄλκωνα λέγουσιν Ἱπποκόωντας παῖδα εἶναι. Alcon is said to have been a son of Hippocoön. Mythic Skeptical
3.14.7 8 παρὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἄλκωνος τὸ ἡρῷον Ποσειδῶνός ἐστιν ἱερόν, Δωματίτην δὲ ἐπονομάζουσιν. Next to Alcon's monument is a sanctuary of Poseidon, whom they call Domatites. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.8 1 καὶ χωρίον Πλατανιστᾶς ἐστιν ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων, αἳ δὴ ὑψηλαὶ καὶ συνεχεῖς περὶ αὐτὸ αἱ πλάτανοι πεφύκασιν. There is also a place called Platanistas, named after the plane-trees [platanes], as the plane-trees around it grow high and close together. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.8 2 αὐτὸ δὲ τὸ χωρίον, ἔνθα τοῖς ἐφήβοις μάχεσθαι καθέστηκε, κύκλῳ μὲν εὔριπος περιέχει κατὰ ταὐτὰ καὶ εἰ νῆσον θάλασσα, ἔφοδοι δὲ ἐπὶ γεφυρῶν εἰσι. The area itself, appointed as the place where the youths fight, is encircled by a canal filled with water, just like an island by the sea, and has entrances by means of bridges. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.8 3 γεφυρῶν δὲ ἐφʼ ἑκατέρᾳ τῇ μέν ἐστιν ἄγαλμα Ἡρακλέους, τῇ δὲ εἰκὼν Λυκούργου· At each of these bridges stands a statue—by one is an image of Heracles, by the other a figure representing Lycurgus. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.8 4 νόμους δὲ ἔς τε τὴν ἄλλην πολιτείαν καὶ ἐς τὴν μάχην τῶν ἐφήβων ἔθηκεν ὁ Λυκοῦργος. Indeed, Lycurgus established their laws, both those governing the rest of their civic order as well as those governing the youths' combat. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.9 1 καὶ τάδε ἄλλα τοῖς ἐφήβοις δρώμενά ἐστι· The following rites also are performed by the youths. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.9 2 θύουσι πρὸ τῆς μάχης ἐν τῷ Φοιβαίῳ· τὸ δὲ Φοιβαῖόν ἐστιν ἐκτὸς τῆς πόλεως, Θεράπνης οὐ πολὺ ἀφεστηκός. Before the battle, they sacrifice in the Phoibaion; the Phoibaion stands outside the city, not far from Therapne. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.9 3 ἐνταῦθα ἑκατέρα μοῖρα τῶν ἐφήβων σκύλακα κυνὸς τῷ Ἐνυαλίῳ θύουσι, θεῶν τῷ ἀλκιμωτάτῳ κρίνοντες ἱερεῖον κατὰ γνώμην εἶναι τὸ ἀλκιμώτατον ζῷον τῶν ἡμέρων. At this place, each division of youths sacrifices a puppy to Enyalios, judging that the bravest god must appropriately receive in sacrifice what they consider to be the bravest of domesticated animals. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.9 4 κυνὸς δὲ σκύλακας οὐδένας ἄλλους οἶδα Ἑλλήνων νομίζοντας θύειν ὅτι μὴ Κολοφωνίους· θύουσι γὰρ καὶ Κολοφώνιοι μέλαιναν τῇ Ἐνοδίῳ σκύλακα. I know of no other Greeks besides the Colophonians who are accustomed to sacrifice puppies; for the Colophonians also sacrifice a black puppy to Enodia. Historical Not Skeptical
3.14.9 5 νυκτεριναὶ δὲ ἥ τε Κολοφωνίων θυσία καὶ τῶν ἐν Λακεδαίμονι ἐφήβων καθεστήκασιν. Both the sacrifice of the Colophonians and that of the youths in Lacedaemon are performed at night. Historical Not Skeptical