Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.20.1 | 1 | ἐν Θεράπνῃ δὲ κρήνην τὴν Μεσσηίδα ἰδὼν οἶδα. | In Therapne I myself saw the spring called Messeïs. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.1 | 2 | Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ἑτέροις ἐστὶν εἰρημένον τὴν Πολυδεύκειαν ὀνομαζομένην ἐφʼ ἡμῶν, οὐ τὴν ἐν Θεράπνῃ Μεσσηίδα καλεῖσθαι τὸ ἀρχαῖον· | According to another tradition of the Lacedaemonians, the spring that in my time is named Polydeucea was originally called Messeïs, not the one in Therapne. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.1 | 3 | ἡ δὲ Πολυδεύκειά ἐστιν αὐτή τε ἡ κρήνη καὶ Πολυδεύκους ἱερὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς ἐς Θεράπνην ὁδοῦ. | Polydeucea itself consists both of the spring and of a sanctuary of Polydeuces, situated on the right side of the road leading to Therapne. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.10 | 1 | τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα τῆς Αἰδοῦς τριάκοντά που στάδια ἀπέχον τῆς πόλεως Ἰκαρίου μὲν ἀνάθημα εἶναι, ποιηθῆναι δὲ ἐπὶ λόγῳ φασὶ τοιῷδε. | The statue of Modesty stands about thirty stades from the city; it is said to be a dedication of Icarius, and was made upon the following occasion. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 3.20.10 | 2 | ὅτʼ ἔδωκεν Ὀδυσσεῖ Πηνελόπην γυναῖκα Ἰκάριος, ἐπειρᾶτο μὲν κατοικίσαι καὶ αὐτὸν Ὀδυσσέα ἐν Λακεδαίμονι, διαμαρτάνων δὲ ἐκείνου δεύτερα τὴν θυγατέρα ἱκέτευε καταμεῖναι καὶ ἐξορμωμένης ἐς Ἰθάκην ἐπακολουθῶν τῷ ἅρματι ἐδεῖτο. | When Icarius gave his daughter Penelope to Odysseus to be his wife, he first attempted to persuade Odysseus himself to settle in Lacedaemon; but when he failed in this, he begged his daughter earnestly to remain, and, as she set out for Ithaca, he followed her chariot, entreating her to stay. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.11 | 1 | Ὀδυσσεὺς δὲ τέως μὲν ἠνείχετο, τέλος δὲ ἐκέλευε Πηνελόπην συνακολουθεῖν ἑκοῦσαν ἢ τὸν πατέρα ἑλομένην ἀναχωρεῖν ἐς Λακεδαίμονα. | Odysseus endured this situation for some time, but finally told Penelope to follow him willingly, or else, choosing her father, return again to Lacedaemon. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.11 | 2 | καὶ τὴν ἀποκρίνασθαί φασιν οὐδέν· ἐγκαλυψαμένης δὲ πρὸς τὸ ἐρώτημα, Ἰκάριος τὴν μὲν ἅτε δὴ συνιεὶς ὡς βούλεται ἀπιέναι μετὰ Ὀδυσσέως ἀφίησιν, ἄγαλμα δὲ ἀνέθηκεν Αἰδοῦς· ἐνταῦθα γὰρ τῆς ὁδοῦ προήκουσαν ἤδη τὴν Πηνελόπην λέγουσιν ἐγκαλύψασθαι. | They say Penelope answered nothing, but veiled herself at his question. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 3.20.2 | 1 | Θεράπνης δὲ οὐ πόρρω Φοιβαῖον καλούμενόν ἐστιν, ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ Διοσκούρων ναός· καὶ οἱ ἔφηβοι τῷ Ἐνυαλίῳ θύουσιν ἐνταῦθα. | Not far from Therapne there is a place called Phoibaion, and in it is a sanctuary of the Dioskouroi; here the young men sacrifice to Enyalios. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.2 | 2 | τούτου δὲ οὐ πολὺ Ποσειδῶνος ἀφέστηκεν ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Γαιαόχου. | At no great distance from it stands a sanctuary of Poseidon known as Gaiaochos ("Earth-holder"). | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.2 | 3 | καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ προελθόντι ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ Ταΰγετον ὀνομάζουσιν Ἀλεσίας χωρίον, Μύλητα τὸν Λέλεγος πρῶτον ἀνθρώπων μύλην τε εὑρεῖν λέγοντες καὶ ἐν ταῖς Ἀλεσίαις ταύταις ἀλέσαι. | Proceeding from there towards Taygetos, one comes to a site called Alesiai; they say it was here that Myleas, son of Lelex, was the first among men to invent the mill and grind meal, and that he ground grain in Alesiai. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.2 | 4 | καί σφισι Λακεδαίμονος τοῦ Ταϋγέτης ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν ἡρῷον. | Here also stands the hero shrine of Lakedaimon, the son of Taygete. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 1 | διαβᾶσι δὲ αὐτόθεν ποταμὸν Φελλίαν, παρὰ Ἀμύκλας ἰοῦσιν εὐθεῖαν ὡς ἐπὶ θάλασσαν Φᾶρις πόλις ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ ποτε ᾠκεῖτο· | After crossing from there the river Phellia, going directly past Amyclae toward the sea, one comes upon Pharis, a city in Laconia once inhabited. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 2 | ἀποτρεπομένῳ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Φελλίας ἐς δεξιὰν ἡ πρὸς τὸ ὄρος τὸ Ταΰγετόν ἐστιν ὁδός. | Turning away from the Phellia river to the right, the road leads toward Mount Taygetus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 3 | ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ Διὸς Μεσσαπέως τέμενος· | In this plain is a precinct sacred to Zeus Messapeus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 4 | γενέσθαι δέ οἱ τὴν ἐπίκλησιν ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς λέγουσιν ἱερασαμένου τῷ θεῷ. | The god, they say, received the surname from a man who performed ritual sacrifices in his honor. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 5 | ἐντεῦθέν ἐστιν ἀπιοῦσιν ἐκ τοῦ Ταϋγέτου χωρίον ἔνθα πόλις ποτὲ ᾠκεῖτο Βρυσίαι· | From there, as one descends from Taygetus, there is a place where formerly stood the city of Bryseae. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 6 | καὶ Διονύσου ναὸς ἐνταῦθα ἔτι λείπεται καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ. | A temple to Dionysus still remains here, and also an image in the open air. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 7 | τὸ δὲ ἐν τῷ ναῷ μόναις γυναιξὶν ἔστιν ὁρᾶν· | The statue within the temple can only be viewed by women. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.3 | 8 | γυναῖκες γὰρ δὴ μόναι καὶ τὰ ἐς τὰς θυσίας δρῶσιν ἐν ἀπορρήτῳ. | For indeed it is women alone who perform the sacrificial rites in secret. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.4 | 1 | ἄκρα δὲ τοῦ Ταϋγέτου Ταλετὸν ὑπὲρ Βρυσεῶν ἀνέχει. | The peak of Taygetus, Taleton, rises above Bryseai. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.4 | 2 | ταύτην Ἡλίου καλοῦσιν ἱερὰν καὶ ἄλλα τε αὐτόθι Ἡλίῳ θύουσι καὶ ἵππους· | They call this spot sacred to Helios, and there they offer sacrifices to Helios, among other things horses especially. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.4 | 3 | τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ καὶ Πέρσας οἶδα θύειν νομίζοντας. | I know that the Persians also follow a similar custom in sacrificing horses. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.4 | 4 | Ταλετοῦ δὲ οὐ πόρρω καλούμενός ἐστιν Εὐόρας, θηρία καὶ ἄλλα τρέφων καὶ αἶγας μάλιστα ἀγρίας. | Not far from Taleton is a place named Evoras, which shelters wild animals and especially wild goats. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.4 | 5 | παρέχεται δὲ καὶ διʼ ὅλου τὸ Ταΰγετον τῶν αἰγῶν τούτων ἄγραν καὶ ὑῶν, πλείστην δὲ καὶ ἐλάφων καὶ ἄρκτων. | The whole Taygetus range abounds with hunting, both for these goats and for wild boars, and very plentifully also for deer and bears. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.5 | 1 | Ταλετοῦ δὲ τὸ μεταξὺ καὶ Εὐόρα Θήρας ὀνομάζοντες Λητώ φασιν ἀπὸ τῶν ἄκρων τοῦ Ταϋγέτου Δήμητρος ἐπίκλησιν Ἐλευσινίας ἐστὶν ἱερόν· | Between Taletum and Euoras, places called Theras, there is a sanctuary of Demeter Eleusinia; they say that Leto came there from the peaks of Taygetus. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.5 | 2 | ἐνταῦθα Ἡρακλέα Λακεδαιμόνιοι κρυφθῆναί φασιν ὑπὸ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τὸ τραῦμα ἰώμενον· | At this place, the Lacedaemonians say Heracles was concealed by Asclepius, who healed his wound. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 3.20.5 | 3 | καὶ Ὀρφέως ἐστὶν ἐν αὐτῷ ξόανον, Πελασγῶν ὥς φασιν ἔργον. | And therein stands a wooden image of Orpheus, said to be the work of the Pelasgians. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 3.20.5 | 4 | καὶ τόδε δὲ ἄλλο δρώμενον ἐνταῦθα οἶδα· | Moreover, I am acquainted with another rite performed there: | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.6 | 1 | ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ πόλισμα Ἕλος ἦν, οὗ δὴ καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐμνημόνευκεν ἐν καταλόγῳ Λακεδαιμονίων· | On the seacoast lay a small city named Helos, which even Homer has mentioned in his catalogue of the Lacedaemonians: | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.6 | 2 | οἵ τʼ ἄρʼ Ἀμύκλας εἶχον Ἕλος τʼ ἔφαλον πτολίεθρον. Hom. Il. 2.584 | "Those who held Amyclae, and Helos by the sea" (Homer, Il. 2.584). | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.6 | 3 | τοῦτο ᾤκισε μὲν Ἕλιος νεώτατος τῶν Περσέως παίδων, Δωριεῖς δὲ παρεστήσαντο ὕστερον πολιορκίᾳ, καὶ πρῶτοί τε ἐγένοντο οὗτοι Λακεδαιμονίων δοῦλοι τοῦ κοινοῦ καὶ εἵλωτες ἐκλήθησαν πρῶτοι, καθάπερ γε καὶ ἦσαν· | Helos was founded by Helios, the youngest son of Perseus; later, the Dorians captured the city by siege, and these inhabitants became the first slaves of the commonwealth of Lacedaemon, called Helots after their true condition. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.6 | 4 | τὸ δὲ οἰκετικὸν τὸ ἐπικτηθὲν ὕστερον, Δωριεῖς Μεσσηνίους ὄντας, ὀνομασθῆναι καὶ τούτους ἐξενίκησεν εἵλωτας, καθότι καὶ Ἕλληνας τὸ σύμπαν γένος ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ ποτὲ καλουμένης Ἑλλάδος. | In time, the term prevailed, such that even subsequent servile classes whom the Dorians acquired (although these later were Messenians by descent) also came to be known as Helots, just as the Greeks collectively gained their name “Hellenes” from the place known as Hellas, located originally in Thessaly. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.7 | 1 | ἐκ τούτου δὴ τοῦ Ἕλους ξόανον Κόρης τῆς Δήμητρος ἐν ἡμέραις ῥηταῖς ἀνάγουσιν ἐς τὸ Ἐλευσίνιον. | From this place called Helos they bring an ancient wooden image of the Maiden, daughter of Demeter, to the Eleusinion during certain prescribed days. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.7 | 2 | πεντεκαίδεκα δὲ τοῦ Ἐλευσινίου σταδίους ἀφέστηκε Λαπίθαιον καλούμενον ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς ἐγχωρίου Λαπίθου· τοῦτό τε οὖν τὸ Λαπίθαιόν ἐστιν ἐν τῷ Ταϋγέτῳ καὶ οὐ πόρρω Δέρειον, ἔνθα Ἀρτέμιδος ἄγαλμα ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ Δερεάτιδος, καὶ πηγὴ παρʼ αὐτῷ ἣν Ἄνονον ὀνομάζουσι. | Fifteen stades from the Eleusinion stands a place called Lapithaeum, named for a local man called Lapithus; this Lapithaeum is situated on Mount Taygetus, and not far from it is Dereium, where there is an open-air statue of Artemis Dereatis, and near it a spring they name Anonus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.7 | 3 | μετὰ δὲ τὸ Δέρειον σταδίους προελθόντι ὡς εἴκοσιν ἔστιν Ἅρπλεια καθήκοντα ἄχρι τοῦ πεδίου. | About twenty stades beyond Dereium lies Harpleia, which extends to the edge of the plain. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.8 | 1 | τὴν δὲ ἐπʼ Ἀρκαδίας ἰοῦσιν ἐκ Σπάρτης Ἀθηνᾶς ἕστηκεν ἐπίκλησιν Παρείας ἄγαλμα ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸ ἱερόν ἐστιν Ἀχιλλέως· | On the road from Sparta toward Arcadia stands a statue of Athena called "Pareia" in the open air; beyond it is a sanctuary of Achilles. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.8 | 2 | ἀνοίγειν δὲ αὐτὸ οὐ νομίζουσιν· ὁπόσοι δʼ ἂν τῶν ἐφήβων ἀγωνιεῖσθαι μέλλωσιν ἐν τῷ Πλατανιστᾷ, καθέστηκεν αὐτοῖς τῷ Ἀχιλλεῖ πρὸ τῆς μάχης θύειν. | It is not customary for them to open it, but all those youths intending to compete in the games at Platanistas are required to sacrifice to Achilles before their contest. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.8 | 3 | ποιῆσαι δέ σφισι τὸ ἱερὸν Σπαρτιᾶται λέγουσι Πράκα ἀπόγονον τρίτον Περγάμου τοῦ Νεοπτολέμου. | The Spartans say that this sanctuary was built for them by Prax, a descendant in the third generation from Pergamos, the son of Neoptolemus. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 3.20.9 | 1 | προϊοῦσι δὲ Ἵππου καλούμενον μνῆμά ἐστι. | Going forward, one encounters a tomb called the "Tomb of the Horse." | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.9 | 2 | Τυνδάρεως γὰρ θύσας ἐνταῦθα ἵππον τοὺς Ἑλένης ἐξώρκου μνηστῆρας ἱστὰς ἐπὶ τοῦ ἵππου τῶν τομίων· | Here Tyndareus once sacrificed a horse and made all the suitors of Helen swear an oath upon the severed parts of the animal. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.9 | 3 | ὁ δὲ ὅρκος ἦν Ἑλένῃ καὶ τῷ γῆμαι προκριθέντι Ἑλένην ἀμυνεῖν ἀδικουμένοις· | The oath bound them to defend Helen and the chosen husband, should either suffer injustice. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.9 | 4 | ἐξορκώσας δὲ τὸν ἵππον κατώρυξεν ἐνταῦθα. | Having made them swear this oath, Tyndareus buried the horse on this spot. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 3.20.9 | 5 | κίονες δὲ ἑπτὰ οἳ τοῦ μνήματος τούτου διέχουσιν οὐ πολύ, κατὰ τρόπον οἶμαι τὸν ἀρχαῖον, οὓς ἀστέρων τῶν πλανητῶν φασιν ἀγάλματα. | Nearby stand seven columns, placed at a short distance from the tomb, which, according to ancient custom, are said to be symbols representing the planets. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 3.20.9 | 6 | καὶ Κρανίου τέμενος κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἐπίκλησιν Στεμματίου καὶ Μυσίας ἐστὶν ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδος. | Along the road lies also a sanctuary of Kranius, surnamed Stemmatios, and a shrine belonging to Mysian Artemis. | Historical | Not Skeptical |