Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5.1 | 1 | Πλείσταρχος μὲν οὖν ὁ Λεωνίδου νεωστὶ τὴν βασιλείαν παρειληφὼς ἐτελεύτησε, Πλειστοάναξ δὲ ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχὴν ὁ Παυσανίου τοῦ Πλαταιᾶσιν ἡγησαμένου· | Now Pleistarchus, the son of Leonidas, having recently assumed the kingship, died, and Pleistoanax, the son of Pausanias who had commanded at Plataea, succeeded to the throne. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.1 | 2 | Πλειστοάνακτος δὲ ἐγένετο Παυσανίας. | Pleistoanax had a son, Pausanias. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.1 | 3 | οὗτος ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἀφίκετο ὁ Παυσανίας Θρασυβούλῳ καὶ Ἀθηναίοις πολέμιος τῷ λόγῳ, τοῖς δὲ ἄρχειν ἐπιτραπεῖσιν ὑπὸ Λυσάνδρου καταστησόμενος τὴν τυραννίδα ἐν βεβαίῳ. | He led an expedition into Attica against Thrasybulus and the Athenians, nominally as an enemy to them, but in reality intending to establish firmly in power those who had been invested with authority by Lysander. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.1 | 4 | καὶ μάχῃ μὲν ἐνίκησεν Ἀθηναίων τοὺς ἔχοντας τὸν Πειραιᾶ, μετὰ δὲ τὴν μάχην αὐτίκα οἱ τὸν στρατὸν ἀπάγειν οἴκαδε ἤρεσε μηδὲ ἀνοσίων ἀνδρῶν τυραννίδα αὔξοντα ἐπισπάσασθαι τῇ Σπάρτῃ τὸ αἴσχιστον τῶν ὀνειδῶν. | Pausanias defeated in battle the Athenians who held the Piraeus, but immediately after this victory resolved to withdraw his forces and return home, considering it preferable not to aid impious men in increasing their tyranny, nor to bring upon Sparta the most shameful of reproaches. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.2 | 1 | ὡς δὲ ἐπανῆλθεν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν μαχεσάμενος ἄπρακτον μάχην, ὑπάγουσιν αὐτὸν ἐς κρίσιν οἱ ἐχθροί. | When he returned from Athens after having fought an unsuccessful battle, his enemies brought him to trial. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.2 | 2 | βασιλεῖ δὲ τῷ Λακεδαιμονίων δικαστήριον ἐκάθιζον οἵ τε ὀνομαζόμενοι γέροντες, ὀκτὼ καὶ εἴκοσιν ὄντες ἀριθμόν, καὶ ἡ τῶν ἐφόρων ἀρχή, σὺν δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ ὁ τῆς οἰκίας βασιλεὺς τῆς ἑτέρας. | The court for a king of the Lacedaemonians was held by the men called Elders, twenty-eight in total, along with the magistrates of the ephors, and together with them sat also the king from the other royal house. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.2 | 3 | τέσσαρες μὲν δὴ καὶ δέκα τῶν γερόντων, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς Ἆγις ὁ τῆς ἑτέρας οἰκίας βασιλεύς, ἀδικεῖν τὸν Παυσανίαν κατέγνωσαν· | Fourteen of the Elders, joined by Agis, the king from the other royal house, found Pausanias guilty of wrongdoing. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.3 | 1 | τὸ δὲ ἄλλο ἀπέγνω δικαστήριον. | The remaining charges the court rejected. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.3 | 2 | μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολὺν χρόνον Λακεδαιμονίων συλλεγόντων ἐπὶ Θήβας στρατιάν---αἰτία δὲ ἥτις ἐγένετο προσέσται τῷ ἐς Ἀγησίλαον λόγῳ---, τότε δὲ Λύσανδρος μὲν ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα ἀφικόμενος καὶ ἀναλαβὼν πανδημεὶ τοὺς Φωκέας οὐδένα ἔτι ἐπισχὼν χρόνον ἔς τε Βοιωτίαν ἐληλύθει καὶ προσβολὰς ἐποιεῖτο ἐς τὸ Ἁλιαρτίων τεῖχος οὐκ ἐθελόντων ἀπὸ Θηβαίων ἀφίστασθαι. | A short time afterwards, the Lacedaemonians began gathering an army against Thebes—the reason for which expedition I will explain in my account of Agesilaus—, and at that time Lysander arrived in Phocis and, having mustered the entire Phocian force without any further delay, entered Boeotia and began assaulting the walls of Haliartus, since the people there were unwilling to revolt from the Thebans. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.3 | 3 | ἐσεληλύθεσαν δὲ ἤδη καὶ Θηβαίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων τινὲς κρύφα ἐς τὴν πόλιν, ὧν ἐπεξελθόντων καὶ πρὸ τοῦ τείχους ταξαμένων ἄλλοι τε ἐνταῦθα Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Λύσανδρος ἔπεσε. | Meanwhile, some Thebans and Athenians had already secretly entered the city; these troops now sallied forth and drew up their ranks before the walls, and in the battle that followed, several Lacedaemonians fell, including Lysander himself. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.4 | 1 | Παυσανίας δὲ ὑστέρησε μὲν τοῦ ἀγῶνος παρὰ Τεγεατῶν καὶ ἐξ Ἀρκαδίας τῆς ἄλλης ἀθροίζων δύναμιν· ὡς δὲ ἐς τὴν Βοιωτίαν ἀφίκετο, ἐπυνθάνετό τε τήν τε ἧτταν τῶν ὁμοῦ Λυσάνδρῳ καὶ αὐτοῦ Λυσάνδρου τὴν τελευτήν, | Pausanias had fallen behind in the campaign due to gathering forces from Tegea and elsewhere in Arcadia; but when he reached Boeotia, he learned of the defeat of those who were with Lysander and of Lysander's own death. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.4 | 2 | ἐπῆγε δὲ ὅμως ἐπὶ τὰς Θήβας τὸν στρατὸν καὶ διενοεῖτο ὡς μάχης ἄρξων. | Nevertheless, he proceeded toward Thebes with his army, fully intending to initiate battle. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.4 | 3 | ἐνταῦθα οἵ τε Θηβαῖοι τὰ ἐναντία ἐτάσσοντο καὶ Θρασύβουλος ἀπέχειν οὐ πολὺ ἀπηγγέλλετο ἄγων τοὺς Ἀθηναίους· | At this point, the Thebans arrayed themselves opposite him, and it was reported that Thrasybulus was not far away, leading the Athenians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.4 | 4 | ἀνέμενε δὲ ἄρξαι Λακεδαιμονίους μάχης, ἄρξασι δὲ αὐτὸς ἤδη κατὰ νώτου σφίσιν ἔμελλεν ἐπικείσεσθαι. | Thrasybulus waited for the Lacedaemonians to begin the battle; once they engaged, he planned himself to attack them from behind. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.5 | 1 | ἔδεισεν οὖν ὁ Παυσανίας διπλοῦ στρατιωτικοῦ πολεμίων ἀνδρῶν μεταξὺ ἀποληφθῆναι, καὶ οὕτω σπονδάς τε πρὸς τοὺς Θηβαίους ἐποιήσατο καὶ τοὺς ὑπὸ τῷ Ἁλιαρτίων τείχει πεσόντας ἀνείλετο. | Therefore Pausanias feared being caught between two separate enemy forces, so he agreed upon a truce with the Thebans and recovered those who had fallen beneath the walls of Haliartus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.5 | 2 | τοῦτο Λακεδαιμονίοις μὲν ἐγένετο οὐ κατὰ γνώμην, ἐγὼ δὲ ἐπαινῶ τῶνδε ἕνεκα τὸ βούλευμα· ἅτε γὰρ εὖ εἰδὼς ὁ Παυσανίας ὡς τὰ σφάλματα ἀεὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις γίνονται ἐν μέσῳ πολεμίων ἀποληφθεῖσι, τό τε ἐν Θερμοπύλαις καὶ ἐν τῇ Σφακτηρίᾳ νήσῳ δεῖμα ἐποιήσατο μή σφισι καὶ αὐτὸς τρίτου γένηται κακοῦ πρόφασις. | This did not please the Lacedaemonians, but I praise this decision for the following reason: since Pausanias knew well that defeats for the Lacedaemonians always occurred when they became trapped among the enemy, he feared that, just as had happened at Thermopylae and on the island of Sphacteria, he himself might become the cause of a third disaster for them. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.6 | 1 | τότε δὲ ἐν αἰτίᾳ ποιουμένων τῶν πολιτῶν τὴν βραδυτῆτα αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐς Βοιωτίαν οὐχ ὑπέμεινεν ἐσελθεῖν ἐς δικαστήριον, Τεγεᾶται δὲ αὐτὸν τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ἱκέτην ἐδέξαντο τῆς Ἀλέας. | But when the citizens accused him of delay concerning his expedition to Boeotia, he refused to appear before their tribunal and instead sought refuge among the Tegeans as a suppliant of Athena Alea. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.6 | 2 | ἦν δὲ ἄρα τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο ἐκ παλαιοῦ Πελοποννησίοις πᾶσιν αἰδέσιμον καὶ τοῖς αὐτόθι ἱκετεύουσιν ἀσφάλειαν μάλιστα παρείχετο· | This sanctuary had, since ancient times, been revered by all Peloponnesians and provided absolute safety to those seeking refuge there. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.6 | 3 | ἐδήλωσαν δὲ οἵ τε Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὸν Παυσανίαν καὶ ἔτι πρότερον τούτου Λεωτυχίδην καὶ Ἀργεῖοι Χρυσίδα, καθεζομένους ἐνταῦθα ἱκέτας, οὐδὲ ἀρχὴν ἐξαιτῆσαι θελήσαντες. | The Lacedaemonians showed evidence of this in the cases of Pausanias and also previously Leotychides, as did the Argives with Chrysis, wherein each had claimed sanctuary by seating themselves as suppliants, and none dared even to begin proceedings to demand their surrender. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.7 | 1 | Παυσανίου δὲ φυγόντος οἱ μὲν παῖδες Ἀγησίπολις καὶ Κλεόμβροτος νέοι παντάπασιν ἔτι ἦσαν, Ἀριστόδημος δὲ ἐπετρόπευεν αὐτοὺς γένους ἐγγύτατα ὤν· | After Pausanias had fled, his sons, Agesipolis and Cleombrotus, were still altogether young, and Aristodemus, being their nearest relative, acted as their guardian. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.7 | 2 | καὶ τὸ ἐν Κορίνθῳ Λακεδαιμονίων κατόρθωμα Ἀριστοδήμου σφίσιν ἐγένετο ἡγουμένου. | The achievement of the Lacedaemonians at Corinth occurred under Aristodemus' leadership. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.8 | 1 | Ἀγησίπολις δὲ ἐπεὶ τὴν βασιλείαν ἔσχεν αὐξηθείς, Πελοποννησίων πρώτοις ἐπολέμησεν Ἀργείοις. | When Agesipolis had grown to manhood and succeeded to the kingship, he first made war against the Argives among the Peloponnesians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.8 | 2 | ὡς δὲ ἐκ τῆς Τεγεατῶν ἐς τὴν Ἀργολίδα ἤγαγε τὸν στρατόν, πέμπουσι κήρυκα οἱ Ἀργεῖοι σπεισόμενον πρὸς Ἀγησίπολίν σφισι πατρῴους δή τινας σπονδὰς ἐκ παλαιοῦ καθεστώσας τοῖς Δωριεῦσι πρὸς ἀλλήλους. | When he had led his army from Tegean territory into Argos, the Argives sent a herald to Agesipolis, proposing a truce between them, based on certain ancient, ancestral agreements established long ago among the Dorians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.8 | 3 | ὁ δὲ οὔτε τῷ κήρυκι ἐσπείσατο καὶ προϊὼν ὁμοῦ τῇ στρατιᾷ τὴν γῆν ἔφθειρεν· | But he refused to make peace with the herald, and continued his advance with the army, devastating their land as he went. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.8 | 4 | ἔσεισέ τε δὴ ὁ θεὸς καὶ ὁ Ἀγησίπολις οὐδʼ οὕτω τὴν δύναμιν ἀπάξειν ἔμελλε, καίτοι Λακεδαιμονίοις μάλιστα Ἑλλήνων---ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναίοις---δεῖμα αἱ διοσημεῖαι παρείχοντο. | Then a god sent an earthquake; but even so, Agesipolis did not intend to withdraw his forces, although portents such as these were particularly fearful to the Lacedaemonians—and likewise to the Athenians—as compared to other Greeks. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.9 | 1 | καὶ ὁ μὲν ὑπὸ τὸ τεῖχος κατεστρατοπεδεύετο ἤδη τὸ Ἀργείων καὶ οὐ παρίει σείων ὁ θεὸς καί τινες καὶ ἀπώλοντο τῶν στρατιωτῶν κεραυνωθέντες, τοὺς δὲ καὶ ἔκφρονας ἐποίησαν αἱ βρονταί. | Already he had encamped beneath the Argive wall, but the god struck him repeatedly with earthquakes, which allowed him no respite; some of his troops perished, struck by lightning, while others were driven out of their minds by the thunder. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.9 | 2 | οὕτω μὲν δὴ ἐκ τῆς Ἀργολίδος ἀνέζευξεν ἄκων, ἐπὶ δὲ Ὀλυνθίους ἐποιεῖτο αὖθις στρατείαν. | Thus he was reluctantly compelled to withdraw from Argolis, and proceeded instead to set out again on a campaign against the Olynthians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 3.5.9 | 3 | κρατοῦντα δὲ αὐτὸν τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ ᾑρηκότα τῶν τε ἄλλων πόλεων τῶν ἐν Χαλκιδεῦσι τὰς πολλὰς καὶ αὐτὴν ἐλπίζοντα αἱρήσειν τὴν Ὄλυνθον νόσος τε ἐξαίφνης καὶ θάνατος ἐπέλαβεν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς. | While prevailing in the war, having already captured most of the cities in Chalcidice and confident that he would take Olynthus itself, he was suddenly seized with illness and died soon from it. | Historical | Not Skeptical |