Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.7.1 | 1 | γένους μὲν δὴ τοῦ Εὐρυσθένους, καλουμένων δὲ Ἀγιαδῶν, Κλεομένης ὁ Λεωνίδου βασιλεὺς ὕστατος ἐγένετο ἐν Σπάρτῃ· | Cleomenes, son of Leonidas, was the last king at Sparta from the line of Eurysthenes, known as the Agiadae. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.1 | 2 | τὰ δὲ ἐς τὴν οἰκίαν τὴν ἑτέραν τοιάδε ἤκουσα εἶναι. | Regarding the other royal house, I have heard the following account. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.1 | 3 | Προκλῆς ὁ Ἀριστοδήμου τῷ παιδὶ ὄνομα τίθεται Σόον. | Procles, son of Aristodemus, named his son Soüs. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.1 | 4 | Εὐρυπῶντα δὲ τὸν Σόου φασὶν ἐς τοσοῦτον ἀφικέσθαι δόξης ὡς καὶ τὴν οἰκίαν ταύτην Εὐρυπωντίδας ὄνομα ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ λαβεῖν, Προκλείδας ἐς ἐκεῖνον καλουμένους. | Eurypontes, the son of Soüs, gained such great renown that this royal house took its name from him and was thereafter called the Eurypontidae, although before him it had been known as the Procleidae. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.10 | 1 | ὑπαγόμενος δὲ ἐν Λακεδαίμονι ἐς δίκην ἔφυγεν ἐθελοντὴς ἐς Τεγέαν. | Brought to trial in Sparta, he voluntarily fled to Tegea. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.10 | 2 | καὶ ὁ μὲν αὐτόθι τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν τὴν Ἀλέαν ἱκέτευε, Λεωτυχίδου δὲ ὁ μὲν παῖς Ζευξίδαμος ζῶντος ἔτι Λεωτυχίδου καὶ οὐ πεφευγότος πω τελευτᾷ νόσῳ, Ἀρχίδαμος δὲ ὁ Ζευξιδάμου μετὰ Λεωτυχίδην ἀπελθόντα ἐς Τεγέαν ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχήν. | And there he became a suppliant in the sanctuary of Athena Alea; and while Leotychides was still living and had not yet gone into exile, his son Zeuxidamus died of disease; and after Leotychides withdrew to Tegea, Archidamus, son of Zeuxidamus, took the kingship. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.10 | 3 | οὗτος Ἀρχίδαμος Ἀθηναίοις μάλιστα ἐκάκωσε τὴν χώραν στρατῷ τε ἐσβάλλων ἐς γῆν τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος καὶ ὁπότε ἐσβάλοι διὰ πάσης ἐπεξῄει φθείρων καὶ Πλαταιέων Ἀθηναίοις ὄντων εὔνων πολιορκίᾳ τὸ ἄστυ εἷλεν. | This Archidamus inflicted particularly severe damage upon the Athenians' land, invading Attica yearly with an army, and whenever he invaded he ravaged it everywhere, and, since the Plataeans were friendly toward the Athenians, he captured their city by siege. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.11 | 1 | οὐ μὴν τὸν πόλεμόν γε τὸν Πελοποννησίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων γενέσθαι συνέσπευσεν. | However, Archidamus did not at all hasten the outbreak of the war between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.11 | 2 | ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐς ὅσον δυνάμεως ἧκε, διαμεῖναί σφισιν ἔπρασσε τὰς σπονδάς. | Indeed, as far as lay within his power, he endeavored to prolong the truce between them. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.11 | 3 | Σθενελαΐδας δὲ ἔς τε ἄλλα ὢν οὐκ ἀδύνατος ἐν Λακεδαίμονι καὶ ἐφορεύων ἐν τῷ τότε τοῦ πολέμου μάλιστα ἐγένετο αἴτιος· καὶ ὁ πόλεμος οὗτος εὖ τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἔτι βεβηκυῖαν διέσεισεν ἐκ βάθρων, καὶ ὕστερον Φίλιππος ὁ Ἀμύντου σαθρὰν ἤδη καὶ οὐ παντάπασιν ὑγιῆ προσκατήρειψεν αὐτήν. | It was rather Sthenelaidas, a man influential in Sparta in other respects also, who, serving as ephor at that time, was primarily responsible for bringing about the war; and this conflict deeply unsettled Greece, which was already standing on shaky ground, and later Philip, son of Amyntas, found it weakened and not entirely sound, and finally brought it utterly to ruin. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.2 | 1 | Εὐρυπῶντος δὲ υἱὸς γίνεται Πρύτανις. | The son of Eurypon was Prytanis. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.2 | 2 | ἐπὶ μὲν δὴ Πρυτάνιδος τοῦ Εὐρυπῶντος τὸ ἔχθος τε Λακεδαιμονίοις ἤρξατο τὸ ἐς Ἀργείους καὶ ἔτι τοῦ ἐγκλήματος τούτου πρότερον Κυνουρεῦσιν ἐπολέμησαν· | It was during the reign of Prytanis, son of Eurypon, that hostility first arose between the Lacedaemonians and the Argives; even earlier they had already waged war against the Cynurians. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.2 | 3 | τὰς δὲ ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ γενεάς, Εὐνόμου τε τοῦ Πρυτάνιδος καὶ Πολυδέκτου τοῦ Εὐνόμου βασιλευόντων, ἐν εἰρήνῃ διετέλεσεν οὖσα ἡ Σπάρτη. | But the following generations, while Eunomus, son of Prytanis, and Polydectes, son of Eunomus, were kings, continued to dwell in peace at Sparta. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.3 | 1 | Χάριλλος δὲ ὁ Πολυδέκτου τήν τε γῆν ἐδῄωσεν Ἀργείοις--- οὗτος γὰρ καὶ ὁ ἐς τὴν Ἀργολίδα ἐσβαλών--- | Charillos, son of Polydectes, ravaged the territory of the Argives—for he was indeed the one who invaded the Argolid. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.3 | 2 | καὶ ἔτεσιν οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον ὑπὸ ἡγεμόνι Χαρίλλῳ γίνεται καὶ ἡ Σπαρτιατῶν ἐπὶ Τεγεάτας ἔξοδος, ὅτε οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι Τεγεάτας αἱρήσειν ἤλπισαν καὶ ἀποτεμεῖσθαι τῆς Ἀρκαδίας τὸ Τεγεατῶν πεδίον, ὑπούλῳ μαντεύματι ἐπελθόντες. | A few years afterward, under the command of this same Charillos, the Spartans also undertook a campaign against the Tegeans, when the Lacedaemonians hoped to capture Tegea and cut off the plain of Tegea from Arcadia, trusting in a deceptive oracle. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.4 | 1 | μετὰ δὲ Χάριλλον τελευτήσαντα Νίκανδρος ὁ Χαρίλλου διαδέχεται τὴν ἀρχήν· | After Charillus died, Nicander, son of Charillus, succeeded to the throne. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.4 | 2 | καὶ τὰ Μεσσηνίων ἐς Τήλεκλον τὸν τῆς ἑτέρας βασιλέα οἰκίας ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τῆς Λιμνάδος συμβάντα ἐπὶ Νικάνδρου γίνεται βασιλεύοντος. | During Nicander's reign occurred the incident involving the Messenians against Teleclus, the king of the other royal house, at the sanctuary of Limnatis. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.4 | 3 | ἐσέβαλε δὲ καὶ ἐς τὴν Ἀργολίδα ὁ Νίκανδρος στρατιᾷ καὶ τὰ πολλὰ ἐκάκωσε τῆς χώρας· | Nicander also invaded Argolis with an army and caused considerable devastation in most of the land. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.4 | 4 | μετασχόντες δὲ Ἀσιναῖοι Λακεδαιμονίοις τοῦ ἔργου δίκην μετʼ οὐ πολὺ Ἀργείοις ἀπέδοσαν σὺν μεγάλῳ πατρίδος τε ὀλέθρῳ καὶ φυγῇ τῇ σφετέρᾳ. | The Asinaeans, having assisted the Lacedaemonians in this undertaking, soon afterward paid the penalty to the Argives, bringing great destruction upon their own country and forcing themselves into exile. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.5 | 1 | Θεόπομπον δὲ τὸν Νικάνδρου βασιλεύσαντα μετὰ Νίκανδρον μέλλει καὶ αὖθις ὁ λόγος μοι προσθήσειν προελθόντι ἐς τὴν Μεσσηνίαν συγγραφήν. | Theopompus, son of Nicander, who became king after Nicander, will be mentioned again by me later on, when my narrative progresses to the account of Messenia. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.5 | 2 | Θεοπόμπου δὲ ἔτι ἔχοντος τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐν Σπάρτῃ γίνεται καὶ ὁ περὶ τῆς Θυρεάτιδος καλουμένης χώρας Λακεδαιμονίοις ἀγὼν πρὸς Ἀργείους, Θεόπομπος δὲ αὐτὸς οὐ μετέσχε τοῦ ἔργου γήρᾳ καὶ ὑπὸ λύπης τὸ πλέον· | While Theopompus was still reigning in Sparta, the contest concerning the district called Thyreatis arose between the Lacedaemonians and the Argives; but Theopompus himself did not take part in this battle, being prevented mostly by old age and grief. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.5 | 3 | Ἀρχίδαμον γὰρ Θεοπόμπου ζῶντος ἔτι ἐπιλαμβάνει τὸ χρεών. | Indeed, during Theopompus' lifetime, Archidamus succeeded him in authority. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.6 | 1 | οὐ μὴν ἄπαις ἐτελεύτησεν ὁ Ἀρχίδαμος, Ζευξίδαμον δὲ ἀπολιπὼν υἱόν. | Nevertheless, Archidamus did not die childless, but left behind his son Zeuxidamus. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.6 | 2 | Ζευξιδάμου δὲ Ἀναξίδαμος ὁ παῖς ἐκδέχεται τὴν ἀρχήν· | Zeuxidamus' son Anaxidamus succeeded to the throne. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.6 | 3 | ἐπὶ τούτου Μεσσήνιοι φεύγουσιν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου, πολέμῳ τὸ δεύτερον κρατηθέντες ὑπὸ Σπαρτιατῶν. | During his reign, the Messenians fled from the Peloponnese, having been overcome by the Spartans in war for the second time. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.6 | 4 | Ἀναξιδάμου δὲ υἱὸς ἐγένετο Ἀρχίδαμος, Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ Ἀγησικλῆς· καί σφισιν ὑπῆρξεν ἀμφοτέροις τὸν βίον διατελέσαι πάντα ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ καὶ πολέμων οὖσιν ἐκτός. | The son of Anaxidamus was Archidamus, and the son of Archidamus was Agesicles; these two both happened to pass the entirety of their lives in peace, being free from wars. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.7 | 1 | Ἀρίστωνι δὲ τῷ Ἀγησικλέους ἀγαγομένῳ γυναῖκα ἥντινα παρθένον μὲν τῶν ἐν Λακεδαίμονι εἶναί φασιν αἰσχίστην, γυναικῶν δὲ τὸ εἶδος καλλίστην ὑπὸ Ἑλένης γενέσθαι, ταύτην ἀγαγομένῳ τῷ Ἀρίστωνι ἐγένετο υἱὸς Δημάρατος ἐν μόνοις μησὶν ἑπτά· | To Ariston son of Agesikles was married a woman who, it is said, among the maidens of Sparta was the most repulsive, yet who became the most beautiful of all women through the intervention of Helen. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.7 | 2 | καὶ αὐτῷ μετὰ τῶν ἐφόρων καθημένῳ τηνικαῦτα ἐν βουλῇ ἦλθεν οἰκέτης ἀπαγγέλλων τετέχθαι οἱ παῖδα. | To this woman, after having been wedded to Ariston, was born a son, Demaratos, after only seven months. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.7 | 3 | Ἀρίστων δὲ ἐπῶν τῶν ἐν Ἰλιάδι ἐς τὴν Εὐρυσθέως γένεσιν πεποιημένος λήθην ἢ μηδὲ ἀρχὴν συνεὶς αὐτῶν οὐκ ἔφη τῶν μηνῶν ἕνεκα αὑτοῦ τὸν παῖδα εἶναι. | As Ariston was sitting at the time with the ephors in council, a servant arrived, bringing the news that a child had been born to him. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.8 | 1 | τοῦτον μὲν δὴ τῶν εἰρημένων μετάνοια ἔλαβεν ὕστερον· | Indeed, this man previously mentioned experienced remorse afterwards. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.8 | 2 | Δημάρατον δὲ βασιλεύοντα καὶ τά τε ἄλλα εὐδοκιμοῦντα ἐν Σπάρτῃ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν Πεισιστρατιδῶν Κλεομένει συνελευθερώσαντα Ἀθηναίους ἥ τε Ἀρίστωνος ἀγνωμοσύνη καὶ τὸ ἔχθος τὸ Κλεομένους ἐποίησεν ἰδιώτην. | As for Demaratus, while ruling as king and gaining honor in Sparta in other matters as well, and having joined with Cleomenes to free the Athenians from the Peisistratids, it was the ill-temper of Ariston and the hostility of Cleomenes which reduced him to a private citizen. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.8 | 3 | καὶ τοῦ μὲν παρὰ βασιλέα Δαρεῖον ἐλθόντος ἐς Πέρσας ἐπὶ πολὺν ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ χρόνον διαμεῖναι τοὺς ἀπογόνους φασί· | They say that, after he went to King Darius in Persia, his descendants remained in Asia for a long time. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.9 | 1 | Λεωτυχίδης δὲ ἀντὶ Δημαράτου γενόμενος βασιλεὺς μετέσχε μὲν Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Ἀθηναίων τῷ στρατηγῷ Ξανθίππῳ τῷ Ἀρίφρονος τοῦ ἔργου τοῦ πρὸς Μυκάλῃ, | Leotychides, who became king in place of Demaratus, took part with the Athenians and their general Xanthippus, the son of Ariphron, in the action at Mycale. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.9 | 2 | ἐστράτευσε δὲ ὕστερον τούτων καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀλευάδας ἐς Θεσσαλίαν· | Afterwards he also campaigned against the Aleuadae in Thessaly. | ? | ? |
| 3.7.9 | 3 | καί οἱ καταστρέψασθαι Θεσσαλίαν πᾶσαν ἐξὸν ἅτε ἀεὶ νικῶντι ἐν ταῖς μάχαις, δῶρα ἔλαβε παρὰ τῶν Ἀλευαδῶν. | And though it was in his power to subdue all Thessaly, as he was consistently victorious in battle, he accepted gifts from the Aleuadae. | ? | ? |