Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.8.1 | 1 | Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ ὡς ἐτελεύτα καταλιπόντος παῖδας Ἆγίς τε πρεσβύτερος ἦν ἡλικίᾳ καὶ παρέλαβεν ἀντὶ Ἀγησιλάου τὴν ἀρχήν. | When Archidamus died, he left behind sons, of whom Agis was the elder in age, and succeeded Agesilaus in the kingship. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.1 | 2 | ἐγένετο δὲ Ἀρχιδάμῳ καὶ θυγάτηρ, ὄνομα μὲν Κυνίσκα, φιλοτιμότατα δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἔσχε τὸν Ὀλυμπικόν καὶ πρώτη τε ἱπποτρόφησε γυναικῶν καὶ νίκην ἀνείλετο Ὀλυμπικὴν πρώτη. | Archidamus also had a daughter named Cynisca, who was exceedingly ambitious in regard to the Olympic games and became the first woman to breed horses and also the first woman to achieve an Olympic victory. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.1 | 3 | Κυνίσκας δὲ ὕστερον γυναιξὶ καὶ ἄλλαις καὶ μάλιστα ταῖς ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος γεγόνασιν Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι, ὧν ἡ ἐπιφανεστέρα ἐς τὰς νίκας οὐδεμία ἐστὶν αὐτῆς. | After Cynisca other women gained Olympic victories, especially those from Sparta, but none equaled her in fame for their successes. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.10 | 1 | τότε οὖν Λεωτυχίδης μὲν ἐς Ἀγησίλαον ταῦτα ἔφασκεν εἰρῆσθαι, τὸν γὰρ δὴ ἕτερον τῶν ποδῶν ἐπεπήρωτο ὁ Ἀγησίλαος· | At that time, Leotychides directed these words against Agesilaus, for Agesilaus was indeed lame in one of his feet; but Agesilaus turned the charge back against Leotychides, saying that he was not the legitimate son of Agis. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.10 | 2 | Ἀγησίλαος δὲ ἐς Λεωτυχίδην αὐτὰ ἔτρεπεν οὐ γνήσιον ὄντα Ἄγιδος. | Although the decision rested with them, the Lacedaemonians did not refer this dispute to Delphi. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.10 | 3 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι δέ, καίπερ ἐπὶ σφίσιν ὄν, οὐκ ἐπανήγαγον τὸ ἀμφισβήτημα ἐς Δελφούς· αἴτιος δʼ ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν Λύσανδρος ἐγένετο ὁ Ἀριστοκρίτου Ἀγησιλάῳ συσπεύδων ἐξ ἅπαντος τὴν βασιλείαν γενέσθαι. | The reason, in my opinion, was Lysander, the son of Aristocritus, who earnestly supported Agesilaus in every way, so that the royal power might pass to him. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.2 | 1 | δοκοῦσι δὲ οἱ Σπαρτιᾶταί μοι ποίησιν καὶ ἔπαινον τὸν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς ἥκιστα ἀνθρώπων θαυμάσαι· | The Spartans, it seems to me, hold poetry and the praise derived from it in the least esteem of all men. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.2 | 2 | ὅτι γὰρ μὴ τῇ Κυνίσκᾳ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα ἐποίησεν ὅστις δή, καὶ ἔτι πρότερον Παυσανίᾳ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ τρίποδι Σιμωνίδης τῷ ἀνατεθέντι ἐς Δελφούς, ἄλλο δέ γε παρὰ ἀνδρὸς ποιητοῦ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν οὐδέν ἐστιν ἐς μνήμην. | Except for the epigram composed for Cynisca by someone or other, and an earlier one by Simonides inscribed upon the tripod dedicated at Delphi for Pausanias, there is nothing else composed by a poet to commemorate the kings of the Lacedaemonians. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.3 | 1 | ἐπὶ δὲ Ἄγιδος τοῦ Ἀρχιδάμου βασιλεύοντος Λακεδαιμονίοις ἄλλα τε ἐγένετο ἐς Ἠλείους ἐγκλήματα καὶ τοῦ ἀγῶνος τοῦ Ὀλυμπικοῦ καὶ ἱεροῦ τοῦ Ὀλυμπίασιν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν εἰργόμενοι μάλιστα ἤχθοντο. | During the reign of Agis, son of Archidamus, king of the Lacedaemonians, various charges arose against the Eleans, but the Spartans were especially angered at being excluded by them from the Olympic Games and from the sanctuary at Olympia. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.3 | 2 | ἀποστέλλουσιν οὖν κήρυκα ἐπίταγμα φέροντα Ἠλείοις Λεπρεάτας τε αὐτονόμους ἀφιέναι καὶ ὅσοι τῶν περιοίκων ἄλλοι σφίσιν ἦσαν ὑπήκοοι. | They therefore dispatched a herald to Elis, bearing orders to release Lepreum into autonomy, as well as any neighboring communities still subject to Elis. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.3 | 3 | ἀποκριναμένων δὲ Ἠλείων ὡς ἐπειδὰν τὰς περιοικίδας τῆς Σπάρτης πόλεις ἴδωσιν ἐλευθέρας, οὐδὲ αὐτοὶ μελλήσουσιν ἔτι ἀφιέναι τὰς ἑαυτῶν, οὕτω Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς Ἆγις ἐσβάλλουσιν ἐς τὴν Ἠλείαν. | When the Eleans replied that as soon as they saw Sparta granting freedom to its own subject cities, they themselves would promptly release theirs, the Lacedaemonians and King Agis proceeded to invade Elis. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.4 | 1 | τότε μὲν δὴ τοῦ θεοῦ σείσαντος ὀπίσω τὸ στράτευμα ἀπεχώρησεν ἄχρι Ὀλυμπίας καὶ τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ προελθόντες· | At that time, as the god caused an earthquake, the army withdrew back, retreating as far as Olympia and the Alpheios. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.4 | 2 | τῷ δὲ ἐφεξῆς ἔτει τήν τε χώραν ἐδῄωσεν ὁ Ἆγις καὶ ἤλασε τῆς λείας τὴν πολλήν. | But in the following year, Agis ravaged the territory and carried off a great part of the spoil. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.4 | 3 | Ξενίας δὲ ἀνὴρ Ἠλεῖος Ἄγιδί τε ἰδίᾳ ξένος καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῦ κοινοῦ πρόξενος ἐπανέστη τῷ δήμῳ σὺν τοῖς τὰ χρήματα ἔχουσι· | Now a certain Xenias, an Elean, privately a guest-friend to Agis and officially a proxenos to the Spartans, rose up against the popular party along with the wealthy citizens. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.4 | 4 | πρὶν δὲ Ἆγιν καὶ τὸν στρατὸν ἀφῖχθαί σφισιν ἀμύνοντας, Θρασυδαῖος προεστηκὼς τότε τοῦ Ἠλείων δήμου μάχῃ Ξενίαν καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτῷ κρατήσας ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως. | However, before Agis and his army arrived to their aid, Thrasydaeus, who at that time was leading the people of Elis, defeated Xenias and his companions in battle and expelled them from the city. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.5 | 1 | Ἆγις δὲ ὡς ἀπήγαγεν ὀπίσω τὴν στρατιάν, Λυσίστρατον Σπαρτιάτην καὶ μοῖράν τε τῆς δυνάμεως καὶ Ἠλείων καταλείπει τοὺς φυγάδας, κακουργεῖν σφᾶς ὁμοῦ Λεπρεάταις τὴν χώραν. | When Agis had led his army back again, he left behind Lysistratus, a Spartan, along with a portion of his forces and the Elean exiles, instructing them to ravage the land together with the Lepreans. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.5 | 2 | τρίτῳ δὲ ἔτει τοῦ πολέμου Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν καὶ Ἆγις παρεσκευάζοντο ὡς ἐς τὴν Ἠλείαν καὶ τότε ἐσβαλοῦντες· | In the third year of the war, the Lacedaemonians and Agis prepared another invasion into Elis. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.5 | 3 | οἱ δὲ Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Θρασυδαῖος---κεκακωμένοι γὰρ ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον ἦσαν--- συγχωροῦσι μήτε τῶν περιοίκων ἔτι ἄρχειν καὶ τοῦ ἄστεως κατερεῖψαι τὸ τεῖχος, Λακεδαιμονίους τε ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ θύειν τῷ θεῷ καὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐξεῖναί σφισιν ἀγωνίζεσθαι. | The Eleans and Thrasydaeus, being utterly exhausted, agreed to surrender their authority over the neighboring towns, to demolish the city's walls, and to permit the Lacedaemonians to sacrifice to the god at Olympia and participate in the games. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.6 | 1 | ἐνέβαλλε δὲ καὶ ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν συνεχῶς ὁ Ἆγις στρατιᾷ καὶ ἐπετείχισε φρούριον Ἀθηναίοις τὸ ἐν Δεκελείᾳ· | Agis was also continually invading Attica with his army and established a fortress against the Athenians at Decelea. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.6 | 2 | καταλυθέντος δὲ ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς τοῦ Ἀθηναίων ναυτικοῦ Λύσανδρος ὁ Ἀριστοκρίτου καὶ Ἆγις ὅρκους μὲν θεῶν ὑπερέβησαν, οὓς ὤμοσαν Ἀθηναίοις ἐν κοινῷ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, κατὰ σφᾶς δὲ αὐτοὶ καὶ οὐ μετὰ Σπαρτιατῶν τοῦ κοινοῦ τὸ βούλευμα ἐς τοὺς συμμάχους ἐξήνεγκαν ἐκκόψαι προρρίζους τὰς Ἀθήνας. | When the Athenian fleet had been destroyed at Aegospotami, Lysander, son of Aristocritus, and Agis violated the oaths sworn before the gods by the Lacedaemonians collectively to the Athenians; and acting on their own initiative, without consulting the common Spartan assembly, they put forward to their allies the decision to destroy Athens utterly from its foundations. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.7 | 1 | τὰ μὲν οὖν ἐς πόλεμον μάλιστα ἐπίσημα τοιαῦτα ὑπῆρχε τῷ Ἄγιδι· | Such were the chief distinctions of Agis in warfare. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.7 | 2 | προπέτειαν δὲ τὴν Ἀρίστωνος ἐς Δημάρατον καὶ Ἆγις ἐς τὸν παῖδα ἔσχε Λεωτυχίδην, καί οἱ κατά τινα οὐκ ἀγαθὸν δαίμονα ἐσῆλθεν ἐς ἐπήκοον τῶν ἐφόρων εἰπεῖν ὡς οὐχ αὑτοῦ νομίζοι Λεωτυχίδην. | But just as Ariston had shown thoughtless harshness toward Demaratus, Agis treated his own son Leotychides recklessly, and, through some unhappy influence, he openly declared before the hearing of the ephors that he did not consider Leotychides his child. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.7 | 3 | ἐπέλαβε μέντοι καὶ Ἆγιν μετάνοια ὕστερον, καὶ---ἔφερον γὰρ τηνικαῦτα οἴκαδε ἐξ Ἀρκαδίας αὐτὸν νοσοῦντα---ὡς ἐγίνετο ἐν Ἡραίᾳ, καὶ τὸ πλῆθος μάρτυρας ἐποιεῖτο ἦ μὴν Λεωτυχίδην ἑαυτοῦ παῖδα ἡγεῖσθαι καί σφισι σὺν ἱκεσίᾳ τε καὶ δακρύοις ἐπέσκηπτε πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους ταῦτα ἀπαγγέλλειν. | Later, however, regret overcame even Agis; passing through Heraea as they carried him home sick from Arcadia, he called upon the assembled people as witnesses, proclaiming that he truly regarded Leotychides as his son, and with tears and entreaties he urged them to report these words to the Lacedaemonians. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.8 | 1 | μετὰ δὲ Ἆγιν ἀποθανόντα ἀπήλαυνεν Ἀγησίλαος τῆς βασιλείας Λεωτυχίδην, ἐς μνήμην ἄγων Λακεδαιμονίοις τὰ ὑπὸ Ἄγιδός ποτε λεχθέντα ἐς τὸν Λεωτυχίδην. | After the death of Agis, Agesilaus drove Leotychides from the throne, bringing to the remembrance of the Lacedaemonians the words once spoken by Agis himself about Leotychides. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.8 | 2 | ἀφίκοντο δὲ καὶ οἱ ἐξ Ἡραίας Ἀρκάδες καὶ ἦσαν τῷ Λεωτυχίδῃ μάρτυρες ὁπόσα Ἄγιδος τελευτῶντος ἤκουσαν. | The Arcadians from Heraea also arrived and testified on behalf of Leotychides concerning what they had heard from Agis at the time of his death. | ? | ? |
| 3.8.9 | 1 | τῷ δὲ Ἀγησιλάῳ καὶ Λεωτυχίδῃ παρέσχεν ἐς πλέον τὸ μάντευμα ἀντιλογίαν τὸ ἐκ Δελφῶν, γεγονὸς μὲν ἐκεῖ, ἔχον δὲ οὕτω· | The oracle from Delphi produced even greater controversy between Agesilaus and Leotychides; it had been delivered there and ran as follows: | ? | ? |
| 3.8.9 | 2 | φράζεο δή, Σπάρτη, καίπερ μεγάλαυχος ἐοῦσα, μὴ σέθεν ἀρτίποδος βλάστῃ χωλὴ βασιλεία. | "Take heed, Sparta, proud though you be, lest from you arise a lame kingship from sound-footed stock." | ? | ? |
| 3.8.9 | 3 | δηρὸν γὰρ μόχθοι σε κατασχήσουσιν ἄελπτοι φθερσιβρότου τʼ ἐπὶ κῦμα κυκωόμενον πολέμοιο. | "For long and unexpected hardships shall seize upon you amidst the surging waves of man-destroying war." | ? | ? |