Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.2.1 | 1 | πυθέσθαι δὲ σπουδῇ πάνυ ἐθελήσας, οἵ τινες παῖδες Πολυκάονι ἐγένοντο ἐκ Μεσσήνης, ἐπελεξάμην τάς τε Ἠοίας καλουμένας καὶ τὰ ἔπη τὰ Ναυπάκτια, πρὸς δὲ αὐτοῖς ὁπόσα Κιναίθων καὶ Ἄσιος ἐγενεαλόγησαν. | Since I earnestly wished to find out who were the children born to Polycaon from Messene, I examined carefully both the works called the “Eoiae” and the “Naupactian Epics,” as well as all the genealogies composed by Cinaethon and Asius. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.1 | 2 | οὐ μὴν ἔς γε ταῦτα ἦν σφισιν οὐδὲν πεποιημένον, ἀλλὰ Ὕλλου μὲν τοῦ Ἡρακλέους θυγατρὶ Εὐαίχμῃ συνοικῆσαι Πολυκάονα υἱὸν Βούτου λεγούσας τὰς μεγάλας οἶδα Ἠοίας, τὰ δὲ ἐς τὸν Μεσσήνης ἄνδρα καὶ τὰ ἐς αὐτὴν Μεσσήνην παρεῖταί σφισι. | Yet in these writings nothing on this subject was included at all, except that I know the “Great Eoiae” say Polycaon, son of Butes, married Euaechme, daughter of Hyllus, son of Heracles; however, concerning Messene herself and Messene’s husband they pass entirely over in silence. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.2 | 1 | χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον, ὡς ἦν τῶν Πολυκάονος οὐδεὶς ἔτι ἀπογόνων, ἐς γενεὰς πέντε ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν προελθόντων καὶ οὐ πλέονας, Περιήρην τὸν Αἰόλου βασιλέα ἐπάγονται. | Some time later, when no descendants of Polycaon were left, after five generations had passed—I believe not more—they introduced Perieres, son of Aeolus, as their king. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.2 | 2 | παρὰ τοῦτον ἀφίκετο, ὡς οἱ Μεσσήνιοί φασι, Μελανεύς, τοξεύειν ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι νομιζόμενος· | According to the Messenians, Melaneus came to him, a man skilled in archery and for this reason held to be a son of Apollo. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.2 | 3 | καί οἱ τῆς χώρας τὸ Καρνάσιον, τότε δὲ Οἰχαλίαν κληθεῖσαν, ἀπένειμεν ὁ Περιήρης ἐνοικῆσαι· | Perieres granted him that territory called Carnasium, though at that time it was named Oechalia, to settle and dwell in. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.2 | 4 | γενέσθαι δὲ ὄνομα Οἰχαλίαν τῇ πόλει φασὶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Μελανέως τῆς γυναικός. | They say the city was given the name Oechalia from the wife of Melaneus. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.3 | 1 | Θεσσαλοὶ δὲ καὶ Εὐβοεῖς, ἥκει γὰρ δὴ ἐς ἀμφισβήτησιν τῶν ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι τὰ πλείω, λέγουσιν οἱ μὲν ὡς τὸ Εὐρύτιον---χωρίον δὲ ἔρημον ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἐστι τὸ Εὐρύτιον---πόλις τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἦν καὶ ἐκαλεῖτο Οἰχαλία, τῷ δὲ Εὐβοέων λόγῳ Κρεώφυλος ἐν Ἡρακλείᾳ πεποίηκεν ὁμολογοῦντα· | Now, the Thessalians and the Euboeans—for indeed most matters in Greece are subject to dispute—give differing accounts: the Thessalians maintain that Eurytion (which in our time is a deserted locale) was in ancient days a city called Oechalia; the Euboean tradition, however, is supported by Creophylus, who composed a poem titled "Heracleia" agreeing with their account. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.3 | 2 | Ἑκαταῖος δὲ ὁ Μιλήσιος ἐν Σκίῳ μοίρᾳ τῆς Ἐρετρικῆς ἔγραψεν εἶναι Οἰχαλίαν. | Hecataeus the Milesian wrote that Oechalia belonged to the territory of Eretria, specifically in the Scian district. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.3 | 3 | ἀλλὰ γὰρ οἱ Μεσσήνιοι τά τε ἄλλα δοκοῦσί μοι μᾶλλον εἰκότα ἐκείνων λέγειν καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα τῶν ὀστῶν ἕνεκα τῶν Εὐρύτου, ἃ δὴ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔπειτά που ὁ λόγος ἐπέξεισί μοι. | But to my mind, the Messenians’ account on these points seems more credible, especially regarding the bones of Eurytus, concerning which I will provide further details later in my narrative. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.4 | 1 | Περιήρει δὲ ἐγεγόνεσαν ἐκ Γοργοφόνης τῆς Περσέως Ἀφαρεὺς καὶ Λεύκιππος, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανε Περιήρης, ἔσχον οὗτοι τὴν Μεσσηνίων ἀρχήν· | Perieres had two sons by Gorgophone, daughter of Perseus, Aphareus and Leucippus, and when Perieres died, these sons assumed power over the Messenians. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.4 | 2 | κυριώτερος δὲ ἔτι Ἀφαρεὺς ἦν. | However, Aphareus was the more authoritative ruler. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.4 | 3 | οὗτος βασιλεύσας πόλιν ᾤκισεν Ἀρήνην ἀπὸ τῆς Οἰβάλου θυγατρός, αὑτοῦ δὲ γυναικὸς τῆς αὐτῆς καὶ ἀδελφῆς ὁμομητρίας· | During his reign as king, Aphareus founded a city named Arene after the daughter of Oebalus, who was also his own wife and maternal half-sister. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.4 | 4 | καὶ γὰρ Οἰβάλῳ συνῴκησε Γοργοφόνη, καί μοι δὶς ἤδη τὰ ἐς αὐτὴν ὁ λόγος ἔν τε τῇ Ἀργολίδι ἐδήλωσε καὶ ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ συγγραφῇ. | For Gorgophone had also married Oebalus; indeed, I have already mentioned her twice previously, both in my account of Argolis and in my work on Laconia. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.5 | 1 | ὁ δʼ οὖν Ἀφαρεὺς πόλιν τε ἔκτισεν ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ τὴν Ἀρήνην καὶ Νηλέα τὸν Κρηθέως τοῦ Αἰόλου, Ποσειδῶνος δὲ ἐπίκλησιν, ἀνεψιὸν ὄντα αὐτῷ, φεύγοντα ἐξ Ἰωλκοῦ Πελίαν ἐδέξατο οἴκῳ. | Aphareus founded the city of Arene in Messenia and welcomed into his home Neleus, the son of Cretheus son of Aeolus, surnamed Poseidon, who was his cousin and fleeing from Pelias out of Iolcus. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.5 | 2 | καὶ τῆς γῆς οἱ ἔδωκε τὰ ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ, ἐν οἷς ἄλλαι τε ἦσαν πόλεις καὶ ἡ Πύλος, ἔνθα καὶ ᾤκησε καὶ τὸ βασίλειον κατεστήσατο ὁ Νηλεύς. | He gave to him the land along the sea, where among other towns was Pylos, and it was there that Neleus settled and established his royal dwelling. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.6 | 1 | ἀφίκετο δὲ ἐς τὴν Ἀρήνην καὶ Λύκος ὁ Πανδίονος, ὅτε καὶ αὐτὸς τὸν ἀδελφὸν Αἰγέα ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἔφευγε· | Lykos, son of Pandion, had also come to Arene when he himself was fleeing Athens away from his brother Aegeus; | ? | ? |
| 4.2.6 | 2 | καὶ τὰ ὄργια ἐπέδειξε τῶν Μεγάλων θεῶν Ἀφαρεῖ καὶ τοῖς παισὶ καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ Ἀρήνῃ· | and he revealed the mysteries of the Great Gods to Aphareus, his children, and his wife Arene. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.6 | 3 | ταῦτα δέ σφισιν ἐπεδείκνυτο ἀγαγὼν ἐς τὴν Ἀνδανίαν, ὅτι καὶ τὴν Μεσσήνην ὁ Καύκων ἐμύησεν ἐνταῦθα. | He showed them these rites after leading them to Andania, because it was there also that Kaukon had initiated Messene. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.7 | 1 | Ἀφαρεῖ δὲ τῶν παίδων πρεσβύτερος μὲν καὶ ἀνδρειότερος Ἴδας, νεώτερος δὲ ἦν Λυγκεύς, ὃν ἔφη Πίνδαρος---ὅτῳ πιστὰ---οὕτως ὀξὺ ὁρᾶν ὡς καὶ διὰ στελέχους θεᾶσθαι δρυός. | Of the sons of Aphareus, Idas was elder and braver, while the younger was Lynceus, who, according to Pindar—if one trusts him—had eyesight so sharp that he could see even through the trunk of an oak tree. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.7 | 2 | Λυγκέως μὲν δὴ παῖδα οὐκ ἴσμεν γενόμενον, Ἴδα δὲ Κλεοπάτραν θυγατέρα ἐκ Μαρπήσσης, ἣ Μελεάγρῳ συνῴκησεν. | No child of Lynceus, as far as we know, was ever born; but Idas had by Marpessa a daughter, Cleopatra, who married Meleager. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.7 | 3 | ὁ δὲ τὰ ἔπη ποιήσας τὰ Κύπρια Πρωτεσιλάου φησίν, ὃς ὅτε κατὰ τὴν Τρῳάδα ἔσχον Ἕλληνες ἀποβῆναι πρῶτος ἐτόλμησε, Πρωτεσιλάου τούτου τὴν γυναῖκα Πολυδώραν μὲν τὸ ὄνομα, θυγατέρα δὲ Μελεάγρου φησὶν εἶναι τοῦ Οἰνέως. | The author of the epic poem called the Cypria says that the wife of Protesilaus—the one who first dared to land when the Greeks arrived at Troy—was named Polydora, and calls her daughter of Meleager son of Oeneus. | ? | ? |
| 4.2.7 | 4 | εἰ τοίνυν ἐστὶν ἀληθές, αἱ γυναῖκες αὗται τρεῖς οὖσαι τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἀπὸ Μαρπήσσης ἀρξάμεναι προαποθανοῦσι πᾶσαι τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἑαυτὰς ἐπικατέσφαξαν. | If this is true, then these three women, beginning with Marpessa, all preceded their husbands in death, each one killing herself intentionally after her husband's demise. | ? | ? |