Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.22.1 | 1 | οἱ δὲ Ἀρκάδες παραυτίκα τε τὴν κατάληψιν ἐπυνθάνοντο τῆς Εἴρας καὶ αὐτίκα τὸν Ἀριστοκράτην ἐκέλευον σφᾶς ἄγειν ὡς ἢ σώσοντας Μεσσηνίους ἢ σὺν αὐτοῖς ἀπολουμένους. | The Arcadians soon learned about the capture of Eira, and immediately urged Aristocrates to lead them forth, either to save the Messenians or to perish along with them. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.1 | 2 | ὁ δὲ ἅτε ἐκ τῆς Λακεδαίμονος δεδεγμένος δῶρα, οὔτε ἄγειν ἤθελεν εἰδέναι τε ἔφασκεν οὐδένα ἔτι Μεσσηνίων ὅτῳ καὶ ἀμυνοῦσιν ὄντα ὑπόλοιπον. | But he, having accepted bribes from Lacedaemon, refused to lead them, and declared he knew of no Messenians still left surviving to whom they might bring aid. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.2 | 1 | τότε δὲ ὡς σαφέστερον ᾐσθάνοντο περιόντας καὶ ἐκλείπειν τὴν Εἶραν βεβιασμένους, αὐτοὶ μὲν περὶ τὸ ὄρος σφᾶς τὸ Λύκαιον ἔμελλον ὑποδέξεσθαι, προετοιμασάμενοι καὶ ἐσθῆτα καὶ σιτία, ἄνδρας δὲ τῶν ἐν τέλει πέμπουσι παραμυθεῖσθαί τε τοὺς Μεσσηνίους καὶ ἡγεμόνας ἅμα τῆς πορείας γενέσθαι. | Then, when they became more clearly aware that the Messenians were defeated and were abandoning Eira, the Arcadians themselves prepared to welcome them onto Mount Lycaeus, having made ready both clothing and provisions; they sent men of high rank, firstly to encourage the Messenians, and secondly to guide them on their journey. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.2 | 2 | καὶ τοὺς μέν, ὡς ἐς τὸ Λύκαιον ἀνεσώθησαν, ἐξένιζον καὶ τὰ ἄλλα εὐνοϊκῶς περιεῖπον οἱ Ἀρκάδες, κατανέμειν τε ἐς τὰς πόλεις ἤθελον καὶ ἀναδάσασθαι διʼ ἐκείνους τὴν γῆν· | When the Messenians reached Lycaeus, the Arcadians received them kindly, welcomed them hospitably, and treated them with friendliness in all other ways; they even wished to distribute them among their various cities and to redivide the land for their sake. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.3 | 1 | Ἀριστομένει δὲ ὅ τε οἶκτος διαρπαζομένης τῆς Εἴρας καὶ τὸ μῖσος τὸ ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους βούλευμα παρίστησι τοιόνδε. | Pity for the sacking of Eira and hatred against the Lacedaemonians prompted Aristomenes to devise the following plan. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.3 | 2 | πεντακοσίους τῶν Μεσσηνίων, οὓς μάλιστα ἠπίστατο αὑτῶν ἀφειδῶς ἔχοντας, ἀποκρίνας ἀπὸ τοῦ πλήθους, ἤρετο σφᾶς ἐν ἐπηκόῳ τῶν τε ἄλλων Ἀρκάδων καὶ Ἀριστοκράτους, ἅτε ὄντα προδότην οὐκ εἰδώς---ἀνανδρίᾳ γὰρ καὶ ὑπὸ δειλίας φυγεῖν τότε ἤδη Ἀριστοκράτην τῆς μάχης καὶ οὐ διὰ κακίαν οὐδεμίαν ἐδόξαζεν αὐτόν, ὥστε ἐναντίον καὶ τούτου τοὺς πεντακοσίους ἤρετο---, εἰ τιμωροῦντες τῇ πατρίδι ἀποθνήσκειν σὺν αὑτῷ ἐθελήσουσι. | Selecting from the entire body of Messenians five hundred whom he knew to be especially heedless of their own lives, Aristomenes asked them in the hearing of the Arcadians and of Aristocrates, whom he did not yet recognize as a traitor—for he supposed that Aristocrates had abandoned the battle merely from cowardice and fear, not suspecting any deeper wickedness, and thus posed the question openly before his eyes to the five hundred—whether they were willing to die with him in vengeance for their country. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.4 | 1 | φαμένων δὲ ἐθέλειν ἀπεγύμνου τὸ πᾶν, ὡς πάντως τῆς ἐπιούσης ἑσπέρας ἐπὶ τὴν Σπάρτην ἄγειν μέλλοι· Λακεδαιμονίων γὰρ τότε δὴ μάλιστα ἐς τὴν Εἶραν ἀπῆσαν οἱ πολλοί, καὶ ἄλλοι τε ἐπεφοίτων φέροντες καὶ ἄγοντες τὰ Μεσσηνίων. | When they declared themselves willing, he stripped the place entirely bare, intending by all means to march on Sparta the following evening, for at that very time most of the Lacedaemonians were away at Eira, and others besides had gone there, carrying off Messenian possessions and prisoners. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.4 | 2 | "καὶ ἢν μὲν ἑλεῖν τὴν Σπάρτην καὶ κατασχεῖν δυνηθῶμεν", ἔφασκεν ὁ Ἀριστομένης, "ἔστιν ἡμῖν ἀποδόντας Λακεδαιμονίοις τὰ ἐκείνων κομίσασθαι τὰ οἰκεῖα·" | Aristomenes said, "If we succeed in capturing Sparta and holding it, we shall recover our own possessions by exchanging them for what belongs to the Lacedaemonians." | ? | ? |
| 4.22.4 | 3 | "ἁμαρτάνοντες δὲ ὁμοῦ ἀποθανούμεθά γε μνήμης καὶ τοῖς ἔπειτα ἄξια ἐργασάμενοι." | "But should we fail, we shall at least die together, having achieved deeds worthy of remembrance by posterity." | ? | ? |
| 4.22.5 | 1 | ταῦτα εἰπόντος τῶν Ἀρκάδων ὅσον τριακόσιοι μετέχειν καὶ αὐτοὶ τοῦ τολμήματος ἤθελον. | When he had said this, about three hundred of the Arcadians themselves also wished to partake in the daring attempt. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.5 | 2 | καὶ τότε μὲν ἐπεῖχον τῆς ἐξόδου, τὰ γὰρ ἱερὰ ἐγίνετο αὐτοῖς οὐ κατὰ γνώμην, τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ τό τε ἀπόρρητον ἔγνωσαν σφῶν τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους προπεπυσμένους καὶ αὐτοὶ δεύτερον ὑπὸ Ἀριστοκράτους προδεδομένοι· | At that time, however, they delayed their departure, for the sacrifices did not prove favorable to them; the following day, they realized that the Lacedaemonians had already learned of their secret plan, and that they had been betrayed yet again by Aristocrates. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.5 | 3 | τὰ γὰρ τοῦ Ἀριστομένους βουλεύματα αὐτίκα ὁ Ἀριστοκράτης ἐγγράψας βιβλίῳ, καὶ τὸ βιβλίον ἐπιθεὶς τῶν οἰκετῶν ὃν ἠπίστατο ὄντα εὐνούστατον, παρὰ Ἀνάξανδρον ἀπέστελλεν ἐς Σπάρτην. | Aristocrates immediately had written down Aristomenes' intentions in a letter, and entrusting the letter to the most trustworthy of his servants, dispatched it to Anaxander at Sparta. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.6 | 1 | ἐπανιόντα δὲ τὸν οἰκέτην λοχῶσιν ἄνδρες τῶν Ἀρκάδων διάφοροι καὶ πρότερον τῷ Ἀριστοκράτει, σχόντες δέ τι καὶ ὕποπτον τότε ἐς αὐτόν. | As the servant returned, he was ambushed by certain Arcadian men who had previously been hostile toward Aristocrates and who at that time also held certain suspicions against him. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.6 | 2 | λοχήσαντες δὲ τὸν οἰκέτην ἐπανάγουσιν ἐς τοὺς Ἀρκάδας καὶ ἐπεδείκνυον ἐς τὸν δῆμον τὰ ἀντεπεσταλμένα ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος· | Having seized him by ambush, they brought this servant before the Arcadians and publicly revealed to the people the reply sent from Sparta. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.6 | 3 | ἐπέστελλε δὲ ὁ Ἀνάξανδρος, φυγήν τε αὐτῷ τὴν πρότερον ἀπὸ τῆς Μεγάλης τάφρου φάμενος οὐκ ἀνόνητον ἐκ Λακεδαιμονίων γενέσθαι, προσέσεσθαι δέ οἱ χάριν καὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ παρόντι μηνυμάτων. | Anaxander had written to Aristocrates, stating that his previous flight from the Great Trench had not been without benefit from the Lacedaemonians, and further promising gratitude for the information he provided at that time. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.7 | 1 | ὡς δὲ ἀπηγγέλθη ταῦτα ἐς ἅπαντας, αὐτοί τε τὸν Ἀριστοκράτην ἔβαλλον οἱ Ἀρκάδες καὶ τοῖς Μεσσηνίοις διεκελεύοντο· οἱ δὲ ἐς τὸν Ἀριστομένην ἀπέβλεπον. | When this news was announced openly, the Arcadians themselves stoned Aristocrates and urged the Messenians to join; but the Messenians looked instead towards Aristomenes. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.7 | 2 | καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐς τὴν γῆν ἀφορῶν ἔκλαιεν· | Aristomenes, gazing down at the ground, wept. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.7 | 3 | τὸν δὲ Ἀριστοκράτην οἱ Ἀρκάδες καταλιθώσαντες τὸν μὲν τῶν ὅρων ἐκτὸς ἐκβάλλουσιν ἄταφον, στήλην δὲ ἀνέθεσαν ἐς τὸ τέμενος τοῦ Λυκαίου λέγουσαν πάντως ὁ χρόνος εὗρε δίκην ἀδίκῳ βασιλῆι, εὗρε δὲ Μεσσήνης σὺν Διὶ τὸν προδότην ῥηιδίως. | After stoning Aristocrates to death, the Arcadians cast him beyond their borders without burial. | ? | ? |
| 4.22.7 | 4 | χαλεπὸν δὲ λαθεῖν θεὸν ἄνδρʼ ἐπίορκον. | In the precinct of Zeus Lycaeus, they erected a stele with this inscription: | ? | ? |
| 4.22.7 | 5 | χαῖρε Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ, καὶ σάω Ἀρκαδίαν. | "In time, justice found out the unrighteous king; And swiftly, aided by Zeus, Messene discovered the traitor." | ? | ? |