Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.34.1 | 1 | ἐκ δὲ Μεσσήνης ὑπὸ τοῦ Παμίσου τὸ στόμα ὁδὸς μὲν σταδίων ἐστὶν ὀγδοήκοντα, ῥεῖ δὲ ὁ Πάμισος διά τε ἀρουμένης καὶ καθαρὸς καὶ ἀναπλεῖται ναυσὶν ἐκ θαλάσσης ἐπὶ δέκα που σταδίους· | From Messene to the mouth of the Pamisos River is a journey of eighty stades. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.1 | 2 | ἀναθέουσι δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν καὶ οἱ θαλάσσιοι τῶν ἰχθύων περὶ ὥραν μάλιστα τοῦ ἦρος. | The Pamisos flows clearly through cultivated fields, and ships can sail up it from the sea for roughly ten stades. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.1 | 3 | τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ ἐς Ῥῆνόν τε καὶ ἐς τὸν Μαίανδρον ποιοῦσιν οἱ ἰχθῦς· | At the beginning of spring, the fish from the sea also swim upstream into it. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.1 | 4 | μάλιστα δὲ ἀνὰ τὸ ῥεῦμα τὸ Ἀχελῴου νήχονται τοῦ ἐκδιδόντος κατὰ νήσους τὰς Ἐχινάδας. | Fish behave similarly in the Rhine and the Maeander rivers, but particularly in the current of the Acheloos, which empties into the sea by the Echinades islands. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.10 | 1 | Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ αὐτοὶ περὶ σφῶν οὕτω λέγουσι· | The Asinaeans themselves relate their story as follows: | ? | ? |
| 4.34.10 | 2 | κρατηθῆναι μὲν ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους μάχῃ συγχωροῦσιν ἁλῶναί τε τὴν ἐν τῷ Παρνασσῷ πόλιν, αἰχμάλωτοι δὲ γενέσθαι καὶ ἀχθῆναι παρὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα οὔ φασιν· | they admit having been defeated in battle by Heracles and that their city on Parnassus was taken, but they deny that they became prisoners or were taken to Apollo. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.10 | 3 | ἀλλʼ ὡς ἡλίσκετο ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τὸ τεῖχος, ἐκλιπεῖν τὴν πόλιν καὶ ἀναφυγεῖν ἐς τὰ ἄκρα τοῦ Παρνασσοῦ, διαβάντες δὲ ὕστερον ναυσὶν ἐς Πελοπόννησον γενέσθαι φασὶν Εὐρυσθέως ἱκέται, καὶ σφίσιν Εὐρυσθέα ἅτε ἀπεχθανόμενον τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ δοῦναι τὴν ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι Ἀσίνην. | Rather, they say that when the city walls were being captured by Heracles, they abandoned their town and fled to the heights of Parnassus. Afterwards they crossed by ships into the Peloponnese, became suppliants of Eurystheus, and Eurystheus, because of his hatred for Heracles, gave them Asine in Argolis. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.11 | 1 | μόνοι δὲ τοῦ γένους τοῦ Δρυόπων οἱ Ἀσιναῖοι σεμνύνονται καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι τῷ ὀνόματι, οὐδὲν ὁμοίως καὶ Εὐβοέων οἱ Στύρα ἔχοντες. | Among the Dryopian race, only the people of Asine boast of the name down to our time; the city of Styra in Euboea does not do so similarly. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.11 | 2 | εἰσὶ γὰρ καὶ οἱ Στυρεῖς Δρύοπες τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ὅσοι τῆς πρὸς τὸν Ἡρακλέα οὐ μετέσχον μάχης, ἀπωτέρω τῆς πόλεως ἔχοντες τὰς οἰκήσεις· | Indeed, the Styrians too were originally Dryopes, those who had not joined battle against Heracles and whose abodes were distant from the city. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.11 | 3 | ἀλλὰ οἱ μὲν Στυρεῖς καλεῖσθαι Δρύοπες ὑπερφρονοῦσι, καθάπερ γε καὶ οἱ Δελφοὶ πεφεύγασιν ὀνομάζεσθαι Φωκεῖς, | Yet the Styrians disdain the designation "Dryopes," just as the people of Delphi have avoided being called "Phocians." | ? | ? |
| 4.34.11 | 4 | Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ Δρύοπές τε τὰ μάλιστα χαίρουσι καλούμενοι καὶ τῶν ἱερῶν τὰ ἁγιώτατά εἰσι δῆλοι κατὰ μνήμην πεποιημένοι τῶν ποτὲ ἐν Παρνασσῷ σφισιν ἱδρυμένων. | But the people of Asine, on the contrary, especially delight in being called Dryopes, and clearly maintain their holiest sanctuaries in memory of those once established upon Parnassus. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.11 | 5 | τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστιν αὐτοῖς ναός, τοῦτο δὲ Δρύοπος ἱερὸν καὶ ἄγαλμα ἀρχαῖον· | For they have here a temple of Apollo and there a sanctuary of Dryops and an ancient image. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.11 | 6 | ἄγουσι καὶ παρὰ ἔτος αὐτῷ τελετήν, παῖδα τὸν Δρύοπα Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι λέγοντες. | Every year they hold a religious festival in his honor, claiming Dryops as the son of Apollo. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.12 | 1 | κεῖται δὲ ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ καὶ αὐτὴ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ τῇ ποτὲ ἐν μοίρᾳ τῇ Ἀργολίδι Ἀσίνῃ· | Asine also lies by the sea and occupies a position similar to that formerly held by Asine in Argolis. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.12 | 2 | σταδίων δὲ τεσσαράκοντά ἐστιν ἐκ Κολωνίδων ἐς αὐτὴν ὁδός, τοσαύτη δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίνης πρὸς τὸν Ἀκρίταν καλούμενον. | The journey from Kolonides to Asine is forty stades; a similarly long road runs from Asine to the headland called Akritas. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.12 | 3 | ἀνέχει δὲ ἐς θάλασσαν ὁ Ἀκρίτας, καὶ νῆσος Θηγανοῦσσά ἐστιν ἔρημος πρὸ αὐτοῦ· | Akritas projects into the sea, and before it lies an uninhabited island named Theganoussa. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.12 | 4 | μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ἀκρίταν λιμήν τε Φοινικοῦς καὶ νῆσοι κατʼ αὐτὸν Οἰνοῦσσαι. | Beyond Akritas are the harbor Phoinikous and the islands called Oinoussai, lying opposite it. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.2 | 1 | διάφοροι δὲ τὸ εἶδος μάλιστα ἰχθῦς ἀναθέουσιν ἐς τὸν Πάμισον ἅτε ἐς ὕδωρ καθαρὸν καὶ οὐ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ τοῖς κατειλεγμένοις ποταμοῖς ἰλυῶδες· | Fish of unusually varied appearance ascend the Pamisus, since its waters are clear and differ from those of the aforementioned rivers, whose streams are muddy. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.2 | 2 | οἱ κέφαλοι δέ, ἅτε ἰχθύων ὄντες τῶν πηλαίων, ποταμῶν φίλοι τῶν θολερωτέρων εἰσί. | Grey mullets, however, being fish that prefer muddy habitats, favor rivers whose waters are cloudier. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.2 | 3 | θηρία δὲ ἐς ὄλεθρον ἀνθρώπων οὐ πεφύκασιν οἱ Ἑλλήνων ποταμοὶ φέρειν, καθάπερ γε Ἰνδὸς καὶ Νεῖλος ὁ Αἰγύπτιος, ἔτι δὲ Ῥῆνος καὶ Ἴστρος Εὐφράτης τε καὶ Φᾶσις· | Greek rivers by nature do not produce wild animals destructive to humans, as do the rivers of India and the Egyptian Nile, as well as the Rhine, the Danube, the Euphrates, and the Phasis. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.2 | 4 | οὗτοι γὰρ δὴ θηρία ὅμοια τοῖς μάλιστα ἀνδροφάγα αὔξουσι, ταῖς ἐν Ἕρμῳ καὶ Μαιάνδρῳ γλάνισιν ἐοικότα ἰδέας πλὴν χρόας τε μελαντέρας καὶ ἀλκῆς· ταῦτα δὲ αἱ γλάνεις ἀποδέουσιν. | These indeed nurture animals that are among the most dangerous man-eaters, resembling the catfish found in the Hermus and Maeander rivers in shape, but considerably darker in color and greater strength—qualities in which the catfish are lacking. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.3 | 1 | ὁ δὲ Ἰνδὸς καὶ ὁ Νεῖλος κροκοδείλους μὲν ἀμφότεροι, Νεῖλος δὲ παρέχεται καὶ ἵππους, οὐκ ἔλασσον ἢ ὁ κροκόδειλος κακὸν ἀνθρώποις. | Both the Indus and the Nile produce crocodiles, and the Nile also brings forth hippopotamuses, a creature no less harmful to humans than the crocodile. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.3 | 2 | οἱ δὲ Ἑλλήνων ποταμοὶ δείματα ὡς ἀπὸ θηρίων εἰσὶν οὐδέν, ἐπεὶ καὶ Ἀώῳ τῷ διὰ τῆς Θεσπρωτίδος ῥέοντι ἠπείρου θηρία οὐ ποτάμια οἱ κύνες, ἀλλὰ ἐπήλυδές εἰσιν ἐκ θαλάσσης. | The rivers of the Greeks, however, contain no terrors arising from beasts. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 1 | Κορώνη δέ ἐστι πόλις ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Παμίσου πρὸς θαλάσσῃ τε καὶ ὑπὸ τῷ ὄρει τῇ Μαθίᾳ. | Korone is a city situated to the right of the Pamisos River, near the sea and below Mount Mathia. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 2 | κατὰ δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην ἐστὶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ χωρίον, ὃ Ἰνοῦς ἱερὸν εἶναι νομίζουσιν· | On this route, beside the sea, there is a place believed to be sacred to Ino. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 3 | ἐπαναβῆναι γὰρ ἐνταῦθα ἐκ θαλάσσης φασὶν αὐτὴν θεόν τε ἤδη νομιζομένην καὶ Λευκοθέαν καλουμένην ἀντὶ Ἰνοῦς. | They say the goddess herself came ashore here from the sea, already regarded as divine and called Leukothea instead of Ino. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 4 | προελθόντων δὲ οὐ πολὺ Βίας ἐκδίδωσιν ἐς θάλασσαν ποταμός· | Not far ahead, the river Bias flows into the sea. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 5 | γενέσθαι δὲ αὐτῷ λέγουσι τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ Βίαντος τοῦ Ἀμυθάονος. | It is said to be named after Bias, the son of Amythaon. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 6 | καὶ Πλατανιστῶνος δὲ ἡ πηγὴ στάδια μὲν εἴκοσίν ἐστιν ἀπωτέρω τῆς ὁδοῦ, ῥεῖ δὲ ἐκ πλατάνου τὸ ὕδωρ πλατείας καὶ τὰ ἐντὸς κοίλης· | The spring of Plataniston lies about twenty stades off the road; its water flows from a broad plane tree, hollow within. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.4 | 7 | κατὰ σπήλαιον μάλιστά που μικρὸν τὸ εὖρός ἐστι τοῦ δένδρου, καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτόθεν ἐς Κορώνην τὸ πότιμον κάτεισι. | The width of the tree is particularly narrow within a small cave-like hollow, from where drinking water flows down towards Korone. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.5 | 1 | τὸ μὲν δὴ ὄνομα τὸ ἀρχαῖον εἶχεν Αἴπεια· | The ancient name of the place was indeed Aipeia. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.5 | 2 | ἐπεὶ δὲ ὑπὸ Θηβαίων κατήχθησαν ἐς Πελοπόννησον, Ἐπιμηλίδην φασὶν ἀποσταλέντα οἰκιστὴν καλέσαι Κορώνειαν, εἶναι γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐκ Κορωνείας τῆς Βοιωτῶν, τοὺς δὲ Μεσσηνίους ἐξ ἀρχῆς τε οὐ κατορθοῦν περὶ τὸ ὄνομα καὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι ἀνὰ χρόνον ἐκνικῆσαι τὸ ἐκείνων ἁμάρτημα. | But after they had been brought down into the Peloponnese by the Thebans, they say that Epimelides, who had been sent as founder, gave it the name Koroneia, as he himself was from Koroneia in Boeotia; the Messenians, however, did not approve this name from the very beginning, and over time they succeeded still more in rejecting this mistaken naming. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.5 | 3 | λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἕτερος λόγος, ὡς τοῦ τείχους τὰ θεμέλια ὀρύσσοντες ἐπιτύχοιεν κορώνῃ χαλκῇ. | Another story is also told, namely that while digging the foundations of the city-wall they came upon a bronze crow ("korone"). | ? | ? |
| 4.34.6 | 1 | θεῶν δέ ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα Ἀρτέμιδός τε καλουμένης Παιδοτρόφου καὶ Διονύσου καὶ Ἀσκληπιοῦ ναός· | In this place there is a temple of the gods—Artemis, called Paidotrophos ("Child-nurturer"), Dionysus, and Asclepius. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.6 | 2 | τῷ μὲν δὴ Ἀσκληπιῷ καὶ Διονύσῳ λίθου, Διὸς δὲ Σωτῆρος χαλκοῦν ἄγαλμα ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς πεποίηται. | The statues of Asclepius and Dionysus are made of stone, but there is a bronze image of Zeus Soter in the marketplace. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.6 | 3 | χαλκοῦν δὲ καὶ ἐν ἀκροπόλει τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς τὸ ἄγαλμά ἐστιν ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ, κορώνην ἐν τῇ χειρὶ ἔχουσα. | On the acropolis, an open-air bronze statue of Athena stands, holding a crow in her hand. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.6 | 4 | εἶδον δὲ καὶ τοῦ Ἐπιμηλίδου μνῆμα· ἐφʼ ὅτῳ δὲ τὸν λιμένα Ἀχαιῶν καλοῦσιν, οὐκ οἶδα. | I saw also the tomb of Epimelides, but for what reason the harbor is called "Achaean," I do not know. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.7 | 1 | ἐκ Κορώνης δὲ ὡς ὀγδοήκοντα σταδίους προελθόντι Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστιν ἱερὸν πρὸς θαλάσσῃ τιμὰς ἔχον· ἀρχαιότατόν τε γὰρ λόγῳ τῷ Μεσσηνίων ἐστὶ καὶ νοσήματα ὁ θεὸς ἰᾶται, | About eighty stadia beyond Korone, beside the sea, is a sanctuary dedicated to Apollo, held in considerable honor; for according to Messenians, it is their most ancient temple, and the god heals sicknesses there. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.7 | 2 | Κόρυνθον δὲ Ἀπόλλωνα ὀνομάζουσι. | They call him Apollo Korynthos. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.7 | 3 | τοῦτο μὲν δὴ ξόανον, τοῦ Ἀργεώτα δὲ χαλκοῦν ἐστι τὸ ἄγαλμα· | Now, this image is wooden, but the statue of Apollo Argeotas is of bronze; | ? | ? |
| 4.34.7 | 4 | ἀναθεῖναι δέ φασι τοὺς ἐν τῇ Ἀργοῖ πλεύσαντας. | it is said to have been dedicated by those who sailed on the ship Argo. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.8 | 1 | τῇ Κορωναίων δὲ πόλει ἐστὶν ὅμορος Κολωνίδες· | Next to the territory of Korone lies the town of Kolonides. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.8 | 2 | οἱ δὲ ἐνταῦθα οὐ Μεσσήνιοί φασιν εἶναι, ἀλλὰ ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἀγαγεῖν σφᾶς Κόλαινον λέγουσι, Κολαίνῳ δὲ κόρυδον τὴν ὄρνιθα ἐκ μαντεύματος ἐς τὴν ἀποικίαν ἡγήσασθαι. | The inhabitants here assert that they are not Messenians; rather, they say they were guided from Attica by Kolainos. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.8 | 3 | ἔμελλον δὲ ἄρα διάλεκτόν τε ἀνὰ χρόνον καὶ ἔθη μεταμαθήσεσθαι τὰ Δωριέων. | According to an oracle, Kolainos was led to the colony by a crested lark, his chosen bird. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.8 | 4 | κεῖται δὲ τὸ πόλισμα αἱ Κολωνίδες ἐπὶ ὑψηλοῦ, μικρὸν ἀπὸ θαλάσσης. | Nevertheless, through time they inevitably altered both their dialect and customs to those of the Dorians. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.9 | 1 | Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἀρχῆς Λυκωρίταις ὅμοροι περὶ τὸν Παρνασσὸν ᾤκουν· | The Asinaeans originally dwelt around Mount Parnassus, neighboring the Lycoreans. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.9 | 2 | ὄνομα δὲ ἦν αὐτοῖς, ὃ δὴ καὶ ἐς Πελοπόννησον διεσώσαντο, ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ Δρύοπες. | They had received the name Dryopes from their founder, which they preserved even after migrating into the Peloponnesus. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.9 | 3 | γενεᾷ δὲ ὕστερον τρίτῃ βασιλεύοντος Φύλαντος μάχῃ τε οἱ Δρύοπες ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους ἐκρατήθησαν καὶ τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι ἀνάθημα ἤχθησαν ἐς Δελφούς· | Later, during the third generation, when Phylas was king, the Dryopes were defeated by Heracles in battle, brought as an offering to Apollo to Delphi, and then transported to the Peloponnesus by Heracles, following an oracle from the god. | ? | ? |
| 4.34.9 | 4 | ἀναχθέντες δὲ ἐς Πελοπόννησον χρήσαντος Ἡρακλεῖ τοῦ θεοῦ πρῶτα μὲν τὴν πρὸς Ἑρμιόνι Ἀσίνην ἔσχον, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ἐκπεσόντες ὑπὸ Ἀργείων οἰκοῦσιν ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ, Λακεδαιμονίων δόντων καὶ ὡς ἀνὰ χρόνον οἱ Μεσσήνιοι κατήχθησαν οὐ γενομένης σφίσιν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἀναστάτου τῆς πόλεως. | There they first occupied Asine near Hermione; but driven out from there by the Argives, they settled in Messenia, with the Spartans granting them land after the Messenians eventually had been reduced—though the original city had not been destroyed by them. | ? | ? |