Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.11.1 | 1 | καθέζεται μὲν δὴ ὁ θεὸς ἐν θρόνῳ χρυσοῦ πεποιημένος καὶ ἐλέφαντος· στέφανος δὲ ἐπίκειταί οἱ τῇ κεφαλῇ μεμιμημένος ἐλαίας κλῶνας. | The god sits on a throne fashioned of gold and ivory; upon his head is placed a crown imitating branches of olive. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.1 | 2 | ἐν μὲν δὴ τῇ δεξιᾷ φέρει Νίκην ἐξ ἐλέφαντος καὶ ταύτην καὶ χρυσοῦ, ταινίαν τε ἔχουσαν καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ στέφανον· | In his right hand he carries a Victory, this too made of ivory and gold, holding a ribbon and having a crown upon her head. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.1 | 3 | τῇ δὲ ἀριστερᾷ τοῦ θεοῦ χειρὶ ἔνεστι σκῆπτρον μετάλλοις τοῖς πᾶσιν ἠνθισμένον, ὁ δὲ ὄρνις ὁ ἐπὶ τῷ σκήπτρῳ καθήμενός ἐστιν ὁ ἀετός. | In the left hand of the god he holds a sceptre adorned with all manner of metals, and an eagle stands upon this sceptre. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.1 | 4 | χρυσοῦ δὲ καὶ τὰ ὑποδήματα τῷ θεῷ καὶ ἱμάτιον ὡσαύτως ἐστί· τῷ δὲ ἱματίῳ ζῴδιά τε καὶ τῶν ἀνθῶν τὰ κρίνα ἐστὶν ἐμπεποιημένα. | The sandals of the god, as well as his robe, are also of gold; and woven into the robe are figures of animals and lilies among other flowers. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.10 | 1 | ὅσον δὲ τοῦ ἐδάφους ἐστὶν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ ἀγάλματος, τοῦτο οὐ λευκῷ, μέλανι δὲ κατεσκεύασται τῷ λίθῳ· | The section of ground immediately before the statue is constructed not of white stone, but of black stone. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.10 | 2 | περιθεῖ δὲ ἐν κύκλῳ τὸν μέλανα λίθου Παρίου κρηπίς, ἔρυμα εἶναι τῷ ἐλαίῳ τῷ ἐκχεομένῳ. | Around the black stone runs a ledge of Parian marble, serving as a barrier to contain the oil that is poured out. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.10 | 3 | ἔλαιον γὰρ τῷ ἀγάλματί ἐστιν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ συμφέρον, καὶ ἔλαιόν ἐστι τὸ ἀπεῖργον μὴ γίνεσθαι τῷ ἐλέφαντι βλάβος διὰ τὸ ἑλῶδες τῆς Ἄλτεως. | For oil is beneficial for the statue at Olympia, and it is this oil that prevents damage to the ivory on account of the marshy nature of the Altis. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.10 | 4 | ἐν ἀκροπόλει δὲ τῇ Ἀθηναίων τὴν καλουμένην Παρθένον οὐκ ἔλαιον, ὕδωρ δὲ τὸ ἐς τὸν ἐλέφαντα ὠφελοῦν ἐστιν· | In the acropolis of the Athenians, however, for the statue called the Parthenos, it is not oil but water that preserves the ivory. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.10 | 5 | ἅτε γὰρ αὐχμηρᾶς τῆς ἀκροπόλεως οὔσης διὰ τὸ ἄγαν ὑψηλόν, τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐλέφαντος πεποιημένον ὕδωρ καὶ δρόσον τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕδατος ποθεῖ. | Because the acropolis, due to its great height, is excessively dry, the statue, made of ivory, requires water and the moisture that comes from the water. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.11 | 1 | ἐν Ἐπιδαύρῳ δὲ ἐρομένου μου καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν οὔτε ὕδωρ τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ σφισιν οὔτε ἔλαιόν ἐστιν ἐγχεόμενον, ἐδίδασκόν με οἱ περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν ὡς καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ὁ θρόνος ἐπὶ φρέατι εἴη πεποιημένα. | When I was in Epidaurus, asking for what reason neither water nor olive oil was poured as an offering to their Asclepius, the attendants of the sanctuary informed me that both the statue of the god and the throne had been constructed over a well. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.2 | 1 | ὁ δὲ θρόνος ποικίλος μὲν χρυσῷ καὶ λίθοις, ποικίλος δὲ καὶ ἐβένῳ τε καὶ ἐλέφαντί ἐστι· | The throne is decorated with gold and precious stones, and also ornamented with ebony and ivory. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.2 | 2 | καὶ ζῷά τε ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ γραφῇ μεμιμημένα καὶ ἀγάλματά ἐστιν εἰργασμένα. | Upon it animals are represented in painting and carved figures have been worked in relief. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.2 | 3 | Νῖκαι μὲν δὴ τέσσαρες χορευουσῶν παρεχόμεναι σχῆμα κατὰ ἕκαστον τοῦ θρόνου τὸν πόδα, δύο δέ εἰσιν ἄλλαι πρὸς ἑκάστου πέζῃ ποδός. | Four Victories in dancing postures form supports beneath each foot of the throne, while two additional Victories stand beside each foot. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.2 | 4 | τῶν ποδῶν δὲ ἑκατέρῳ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν παῖδές τε ἐπίκεινται Θηβαίων ὑπὸ σφιγγῶν ἡρπασμένοι καὶ ὑπὸ τὰς σφίγγας Νιόβης τοὺς παῖδας Ἀπόλλων κατατοξεύουσι καὶ Ἄρτεμις. | On each of the front feet are sculpted Theban youths being seized by sphinxes, and beneath these sphinxes Apollo and Artemis are depicted shooting down the children of Niobe with arrows. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.3 | 1 | τῶν δὲ ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου μεταξὺ ποδῶν τέσσαρες κανόνες εἰσίν, ἐκ ποδὸς ἐς πόδα ἕτερον διήκων ἕκαστος. | Between the feet of the throne there are four cross-bars, each stretching from one foot to another. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.3 | 2 | τῷ μὲν δὴ κατʼ εὐθὺ τῆς ἐσόδου κανόνι, ἑπτά ἐστιν ἀγάλματα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ, τὸ γὰρ ὄγδοον ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐκ ἴσασι τρόπον ὅντινα ἐγένετο ἀφανές· | On the bar directly facing the entrance stand seven figures, for the eighth among them has disappeared in some unknown manner. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.3 | 3 | εἴη δʼ ἂν ἀγωνισμάτων ἀρχαίων ταῦτα μιμήματα, οὐ γάρ πω τὰ ἐς τοὺς παῖδας ἐπὶ ἡλικίας ἤδη καθειστήκει τῆς Φειδίου. | These represent, perhaps, imitations of ancient athletic contests, since contests involving boys had not yet been established at the time of Pheidias. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.3 | 4 | τὸν δὲ αὑτὸν ταινίᾳ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀναδούμενον ἐοικέναι τὸ εἶδος Παντάρκει λέγουσι, μειράκιον δὲ Ἠλεῖον τὸν Παντάρκη παιδικὰ εἶναι τοῦ Φειδίου· | They say that the figure binding its head with a ribbon resembles Pantarkes in appearance; Pantarkes was a youth from Elis beloved by Pheidias. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.3 | 5 | ἀνείλετο δὲ καὶ ἐν παισὶν ὁ Παντάρκης πάλης νίκην Ὀλυμπιάδι ἕκτῃ πρὸς ταῖς ὀγδοήκοντα. | This Pantarkes also won a victory in wrestling among the boys at the eighty-sixth Olympiad. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.4 | 1 | ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν κανόνων τοῖς λοιποῖς ὁ λόχος ἐστὶν ὁ σὺν Ἡρακλεῖ μαχόμενος πρὸς Ἀμαζόνας· | On the crossbars between the legs is carved the company fighting alongside Heracles against the Amazons. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.4 | 2 | ἀριθμὸς μὲν δὴ συναμφοτέρων ἐς ἐννέα ἐστὶ καὶ εἴκοσι, τέτακται δὲ καὶ Θησεὺς ἐν τοῖς συμμάχοις τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ. | The total number of figures on both sides amounts indeed to twenty-nine, and Theseus too is depicted among the allies of Heracles. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.4 | 3 | ἀνέχουσι δὲ οὐχ οἱ πόδες μόνοι τὸν θρόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ κίονες ἴσοι τοῖς ποσὶ μεταξὺ ἑστηκότες τῶν ποδῶν. | The throne is not supported only by the legs, but between them stand evenly spaced columns equal in length to the legs. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.4 | 4 | ὑπελθεῖν δὲ οὐχ οἷόν τέ ἐστιν ὑπὸ τὸν θρόνον, ὥσπερ γε καὶ ἐν Ἀμύκλαις ἐς τὰ ἐντὸς τοῦ θρόνου παρερχόμεθα· ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ δὲ ἐρύματα τρόπον τοίχων πεποιημένα τὰ δὲ ἀπείργοντά ἐστι. | It is not possible to pass beneath the throne, unlike the throne at Amyclae where one can pass into what lies within it; at Olympia, however, barriers resembling walls block it off. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.5 | 1 | τούτων τῶν ἐρυμάτων ὅσον μὲν ἀπαντικρὺ τῶν θυρῶν ἐστιν, ἀλήλιπται κυανῷ μόνον, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ αὐτῶν παρέχεται Παναίνου γραφάς. | Of these walls, the portion directly opposite the doors is merely painted in blue, but the rest display paintings by Panainos. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.5 | 2 | ἐν δὲ αὐταῖς ἔστι μὲν οὐρανὸν καὶ γῆν Ἄτλας ἀνέχων, παρέστηκε δὲ καὶ Ἡρακλῆς ἐκδέξασθαι τὸ ἄχθος ἐθέλων τοῦ Ἄτλαντος, | Among these paintings is Atlas supporting heaven and earth, and beside him stands Heracles willingly accepting the burden from Atlas. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.5 | 3 | ἔτι δὲ Θησεύς τε καὶ Πειρίθους καὶ Ἑλλάς τε καὶ Σαλαμὶς ἔχουσα ἐν τῇ χειρὶ τὸν ἐπὶ ταῖς ναυσὶν ἄκραις ποιούμενον κόσμον, | In addition are depicted Theseus and Peirithous, Hellas, and Salamis, holding in her hand the ornament for the prows of vessels. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.5 | 4 | Ἡρακλέους τε τῶν ἀγωνισμάτων τὸ ἐς τὸν λέοντα τὸν ἐν Νεμέᾳ καὶ τὸ ἐς Κασσάνδραν παρανόμημα Αἴαντος, | Also shown are Heracles' contest with the lion in Nemea, and the sacrilege committed by Ajax against Cassandra. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.6 | 1 | Ἱπποδάμειά τε ἡ Οἰνομάου σὺν τῇ μητρὶ καὶ Προμηθεὺς ἔτι ἐχόμενος μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν δεσμῶν, Ἡρακλῆς δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν ἦρται· | Hippodameia, daughter of Oinomaos, with her mother, and Prometheus still bound in chains are represented, and Herakles is depicted approaching him. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.6 | 2 | λέγεται γὰρ δὴ καὶ τόδε ἐς τὸν Ἡρακλέα, ὡς ἀποκτείναι μὲν τὸν ἀετὸν ὃς ἐν τῷ Καυκάσῳ τὸν Προμηθέα ἐλύπει, ἐξέλοιτο δὲ καὶ αὐτὸν Προμηθέα ἐκ τῶν δεσμῶν. | For indeed it is also said of Herakles that he slew the eagle which tormented Prometheus in the Caucasus, and freed Prometheus himself from his chains. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.6 | 3 | τελευταῖα δὲ ἐν τῇ γραφῇ Πενθεσίλειά τε ἀφιεῖσα τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ Ἀχιλλεὺς ἀνέχων ἐστὶν αὐτήν· | Lastly, the painting shows Penthesileia breathing her last and Achilles supporting her. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.6 | 4 | καὶ Ἑσπερίδες δύο φέρουσι τὰ μῆλα ὧν ἐπιτετράφθαι λέγονται τὴν φρουράν. | Two of the Hesperides are bearing the apples whose guarding is said to have been entrusted to them. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.6 | 5 | Πάναινος μὲν δὴ οὗτος ἀδελφός τε ἦν Φειδίου καὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐν Ποικίλῃ τὸ Μαραθῶνι ἔργον ἐστὶ γεγραμμένον. | This painting was by Panaenos, who was the brother of Pheidias, who himself painted the Battle of Marathon in the 'Poikile' (Painted) Colonnade at Athens. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.7 | 1 | ἐπὶ δὲ τοῖς ἀνωτάτω τοῦ θρόνου πεποίηκεν ὁ Φειδίας ὑπὲρ τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ ἀγάλματος τοῦτο μὲν Χάριτας, τοῦτο δὲ Ὥρας, τρεῖς ἑκατέρας. | On the highest parts of the throne, above the head of the statue, Phidias has fashioned on one side the Graces and on the other side the Seasons, three of each. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.7 | 2 | εἶναι γὰρ θυγατέρας Διὸς καὶ ταύτας ἐν ἔπεσίν ἐστιν εἰρημένα· | Indeed, in poetry these too are said to be daughters of Zeus. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.7 | 3 | Ὅμηρος δὲ ἐν Ἰλιάδι ἐποίησε τὰς Ὥρας καὶ ἐπιτετράφθαι τὸν οὐρανὸν καθάπερ τινὰς φύλακας βασιλέως αὐλῆς. | Homer, in the Iliad, depicted the Seasons as having charge over heaven, like guardians of a royal court. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.7 | 4 | τὸ ὑπόθημα δὲ τὸ ὑπὸ τοῦ Διὸς τοῖς ποσίν, ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν τῇ Ἀττικῇ καλούμενον θρανίον, λέοντάς τε χρυσοῦς καὶ Θησέως ἐπειργασμένην ἔχει μάχην τὴν πρὸς Ἀμαζόνας, τὸ Ἀθηναίων πρῶτον ἀνδραγάθημα ἐς οὐχ ὁμοφύλους. | The footstool beneath the feet of Zeus—called thranion by the Athenians—is decorated with golden lions and shows the battle of Theseus against the Amazons, the Athenians' earliest heroic deed against foreign foes. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.8 | 1 | ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ βάθρου τοῦ τὸν θρόνον τε ἀνέχοντος καὶ ὅσος ἄλλος κόσμος περὶ τὸν Δία, ἐπὶ τούτου τοῦ βάθρου χρυσᾶ ποιήματα, ἀναβεβηκὼς ἐπὶ ἅρμα Ἤλιος καὶ Ζεύς τέ ἐστι καὶ Ἥρα, ἔτι δὲ Ἥφαιστος, παρὰ δὲ αὐτὸν Χάρις· ταύτης δὲ Ἑρμῆς ἔχεται, τοῦ Ἑρμοῦ δὲ Ἑστία· | Upon the base, which supports both the throne and all the other decorative elements around Zeus, are golden scenes worked upon it: there is Helios ascending by chariot, Zeus and Hera, and also Hephaestus, who is accompanied by Charis; next to her stands Hermes, and beside Hermes is Hestia. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.8 | 2 | μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ἑστίαν Ἔρως ἐστὶν ἐκ θαλάσσης Ἀφροδίτην ἀνιοῦσαν ὑποδεχόμενος, τὴν δὲ Ἀφροδίτην στεφανοῖ Πειθώ· | After Hestia is Eros, who is receiving Aphrodite as she rises from the sea; and Peitho crowns Aphrodite. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.8 | 3 | ἐπείργασται δὲ καὶ Ἀπόλλων σὺν Ἀρτέμιδι Ἀθηνᾶ τε καὶ Ἡρακλῆς, | Also depicted are Apollo along with Artemis, Athena, and Heracles. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.8 | 4 | καὶ ἤδη τοῦ βάθρου πρὸς τῷ πέρατι Ἀμφιτρίτη καὶ Ποσειδῶν Σελήνη τε ἵππον ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἐλαύνουσα. | At the extremity of the base are Amphitrite and Poseidon, and Selene who is—so it seems to me—driving a horse. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.8 | 5 | τοῖς δέ ἐστιν εἰρημένα ἐφʼ ἡμιόνου τὴν θεὸν ὀχεῖσθαι καὶ οὐχ ἵππου, καὶ λόγον γέ τινα ἐπὶ τῷ ἡμιόνῳ λέγουσιν εὐήθη. | Some, however, claim that the goddess rides upon a mule rather than a horse, telling a foolish story in explanation of the mule. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.9 | 1 | μέτρα δὲ τοῦ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ Διὸς ἐς ὕψος τε καὶ εὖρος ἐπιστάμενος γεγραμμένα οὐκ ἐν ἐπαίνῳ θήσομαι τοὺς μετρήσαντας, ἐπεὶ καὶ τὰ εἰρημένα αὐτοῖς μέτρα πολύ τι ἀποδέοντά ἐστιν ἢ τοῖς ἰδοῦσι παρέστηκεν ἐς τὸ ἄγαλμα δόξα, ὅπου γε καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν θεὸν μάρτυρα ἐς τοῦ Φειδίου τὴν τέχνην γενέσθαι λέγουσιν. | Although I am familiar with the recorded measurements of Zeus at Olympia, both in height and breadth, I will not include praise of those who measured it; for even the dimensions they state fall greatly short of the impression conveyed to those who behold the statue. | ? | ? |
| 5.11.9 | 2 | ὡς γὰρ δὴ ἐκτετελεσμένον ἤδη τὸ ἄγαλμα ἦν, ηὔξατο ὁ Φειδίας ἐπισημῆναι τὸν θεὸν εἰ τὸ ἔργον ἐστὶν αὐτῷ κατὰ γνώμην· αὐτίκα δʼ ἐς τοῦτο τοῦ ἐδάφους κατασκῆψαι κεραυνόν φασιν, ἔνθα ὑδρία καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἐπίθημα ἦν ἡ χαλκῆ. | Indeed, it is said that the god himself provided testimony to the art of Pheidias. | ? | ? |