Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.4.1 | 1 | ἔχεται δὲ τοῦ Λυσάνδρου τῆς εἰκόνος Ἐφέσιός τε πύκτης τοὺς ἐλθόντας κρατήσας τῶν παίδων---ὄνομα δέ οἱ ἦν Ἀθήναιος---καὶ Σικυώνιος Σώστρατος παγκρατιαστὴς ἀνήρ, ἐπίκλησις δὲ ἦν Ἀκροχερσίτης αὐτῷ· | Next to the statue of Lysander stands an Ephesian boxer who defeated all comers among the boys—his name was Athenaios—and a Sicyonian man named Sostratos, a pancratiast nicknamed Akrochersites ("the finger-tips man"), because he would grasp the fingertips of his opponent's hands and break them. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.1 | 2 | παραλαμβανόμενος γὰρ ἄκρων τοῦ ἀνταγωνιζομένου τῶν χειρῶν ἔκλα, καὶ οὐ πρότερον ἀνίει πρὶν ἢ αἴσθοιτο ἀπαγορεύσαντος. | Nor would he release them until he perceived that his opponent had admitted defeat. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.10 | 1 | ταῦτα μὲν δὴ καὶ ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιατικοῖς λόγοις ἐς πλέον ἡμῖν δεδήλωται· | These things indeed have been explained by me more fully in my account of Spartan matters. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.10 | 2 | Εὐάνθει δὲ Κυζικηνῷ γεγόνασι πυγμῆς νῖκαι, μία μὲν ἐν ἀνδράσιν Ὀλυμπική, Νεμείων δὲ ἐν παισὶ καὶ Ἰσθμίων. | As for Evanthes of Cyzicus, he achieved victories in boxing, one Olympic victory among men, and victories at Nemea and the Isthmus in the boys' competitions. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.10 | 3 | πεποίηται δὲ παρὰ τὸν Εὐάνθην ἀνήρ τε ἱπποτρόφος καὶ τὸ ἅρμα, ἀναβεβηκυῖα δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ ἅρμα παῖς παρθένος· | Next to Evanthes, a chariot has been represented along with a man tending horses, and standing upon the chariot is a maiden girl. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.10 | 4 | ὄνομα μὲν Λάμπος τῷ ἀνδρί, πατρὶς δὲ ἦν αὐτῷ νεωτάτη τῶν ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ πόλεων, καλουμένη δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου. | The name of the man is Lampos, and his homeland was the youngest city in Macedonia, named after its founder Philip, the son of Amyntas. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.11 | 1 | Κυνίσκῳ δὲ τῷ ἐκ Μαντινείας πύκτῃ παιδὶ ἐποίησε Πολύκλειτος τὴν εἰκόνα. | Polycleitus fashioned the statue of Cyniscus, the boxer from Mantinea, who won as a boy. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.11 | 2 | Ἐργοτέλης δὲ ὁ Φιλάνορος δολίχου δύο ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ νίκας, τοσαύτας δὲ ἄλλας Πυθοῖ καὶ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ τε καὶ Νεμείων ἀνῃρημένος, οὐχ Ἱμεραῖος εἶναι τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, καθάπερ γε τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ φησι, Κρὴς δὲ εἶναι λέγεται Κνώσσιος· | Ergoteles, son of Philanor, who achieved two Olympic victories in the dolichos, and likewise gained twice as many other victories at Delphi, the Isthmus, and Nemea, was originally, as the inscription upon him states, not from Himera, but rather is said to have been a Cretan from Cnossus. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.11 | 3 | ἐκπεσὼν δὲ ὑπὸ στασιωτῶν ἐκ Κνωσσοῦ καὶ ἐς Ἱμέραν ἀφικόμενος πολιτείας τʼ ἔτυχε καὶ πολλὰ εὕρετο ἄλλα ἐς τιμήν. | Having been exiled from Cnossus due to political strife and having arrived in Himera, he obtained citizenship there and gained many other distinctions and honors. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.11 | 4 | ἔμελλεν οὖν ὡς τὸ εἰκὸς Ἱμεραῖος ἐν τοῖς ἀγῶσιν ἀναγορευθήσεσθαι. | It was therefore natural that he would be proclaimed as Himeraean at the games. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.2 | 1 | γεγόνασι δὲ αὐτῷ Νεμείων μὲν νῖκαι καὶ Ἰσθμίων ἀναμὶξ δυόδεκα, Ὀλυμπίασι δὲ καὶ Πυθοῖ, τῇ μὲν δύο, τρεῖς δὲ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ. | He gained altogether twelve victories in succession at Nemea and at the Isthmus, two at Delphi, and three at Olympia. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.2 | 2 | τὴν τετάρτην δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδα ἐπὶ ταῖς ἑκατόν---πρώτην γὰρ δὴ ἐνίκησεν ὁ Σώστρατος ταύτην---οὐκ ἀναγράφουσιν οἱ Ἠλεῖοι, διότι μὴ αὐτοὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἀλλὰ Πισαῖοι καὶ Ἀρκάδες ἔθεσαν ἀντʼ αὐτῶν. | The Eleans, however, do not record his Olympic victory at the one hundred and fourth Olympiad—although Sostratos won his first at that time—since it was not they themselves but the Pisatans and Arcadians who presided over the games instead of them. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.3 | 1 | παρὰ δὲ τὸν Σώστρατον παλαιστὴς ἀνὴρ πεποίηται Λεοντίσκος, ἐκ Σικελίας τε ὢν γένος καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τῷ πορθμῷ Μεσσήνης· | Next to Sostratos is depicted the wrestler Leontiskos, who was from Sicily, specifically from Messene on the straits. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.3 | 2 | στεφανωθῆναι δὲ ὑπό τε Ἀμφικτυόνων καὶ δὶς ὑπὸ Ἠλείων, εἶναι δὲ αὐτῷ λέγεται τὴν πάλην καθὰ δὴ καὶ τὸ παγκράτιον τῷ Σικυωνίῳ Σωστράτῳ· | He is said to have been crowned victor by the Amphiktyones and twice by the Eleans. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.3 | 3 | καὶ γὰρ τὸν Λεοντίσκον καταβαλεῖν μὲν οὐκ ἐπίστασθαι τοὺς παλαίοντας, νικᾶν δὲ αὐτὸν κλῶντα τοὺς δακτύλους. | His style of wrestling, it is claimed, was similar to that of the Sicyonian Sostratos in pankration. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.4 | 1 | τὸν δὲ ἀνδριάντα Πυθαγόρας ἐποίησεν ὁ Ῥηγῖνος, εἴπερ τις καὶ ἄλλος ἀγαθὸς τὰ ἐς πλαστικήν. | The statue was made by Pythagoras of Rhegium, who was an artist of exceptional skill in sculpture, if indeed anyone was. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.4 | 2 | διδαχθῆναι δὲ παρὰ Κλεάρχῳ φασὶν αὐτόν, Ῥηγίνῳ μὲν καὶ αὐτῷ, μαθητῇ δὲ Εὐχείρου· | It is said that he was taught by Clearchus, who was himself a native of Rhegium and a pupil of Eucheirus. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.4 | 3 | τὸν δὲ Εὔχειρον εἶναι Κορίνθιον, φοιτῆσαι δὲ ὡς Συάδραν τε καὶ Χάρταν Σπαρτιάτας. | Eucheirus was from Corinth but had studied under the Spartans Syadras and Chartas. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.5 | 1 | ὁ δὲ παῖς ὁ ἀναδούμενος ταινίᾳ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐπεισήχθω μοι καὶ οὗτος ἐς τὸν λόγον Φειδίου τε ἕνεκα καὶ τῆς ἐς τὰ ἀγάλματα τοῦ Φειδίου σοφίας, ἐπεὶ ἄλλως γε οὐκ ἴσμεν ὅτου τὴν εἰκόνα ὁ Φειδίας ἐποίησε. | Let me also include in my account the boy whose head is bound with a ribbon, because of Pheidias and the excellence of Pheidias concerning statues, since otherwise we do not know whose image Pheidias made. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.5 | 2 | Σάτυρος δὲ Ἠλεῖος Λυσιάνακτος πατρός, γένους δὲ τοῦ Ἰαμιδῶν, ἐν Νεμέᾳ πεντάκις ἐνίκησε πυκτεύων καὶ Πυθοῖ τε δὶς καὶ δὶς ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ· τέχνη δὲ Ἀθηναίου Σιλανίωνος ὁ ἀνδριάς ἐστι. | Satyros, an Elean, the son of Lysianax and belonging to the family of the Iamidae, won five boxing victories at Nemea, two at Pytho, and two at Olympia; the statue is the work of the Athenian sculptor Silanion. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.5 | 3 | πλάστης δὲ ἄλλος τῶν Ἀττικῶν Πολυκλῆς , Σταδιέως μαθητὴς Ἀθηναίου, πεποίηκε παῖδα Ἐφέσιον παγκρατιαστήν, Ἀμύνταν Ἑλλανίκου. | Another Athenian sculptor, Polykles, a student of Stadieus of Athens, made a statue of an Ephesian boy, Amyntas the son of Hellanicus, a winner in the pankration. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.6 | 1 | Χίλωνι δὲ Ἀχαιῷ Πατρεῖ δύο μὲν Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι πάλης ἀνδρῶν, μία δὲ ἐγένετο ἐν Δελφοῖς, τέσσαρες δὲ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ καὶ Νεμείων τρεῖς· | Chilon the Achaean, a man of Patrae, won two Olympic victories in wrestling at Olympia, one victory at Delphi, four at the Isthmus, and three at the Nemean Games. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.6 | 2 | ἐτάφη δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν, καί οἱ καὶ τοῦ βίου συνέπεσεν ἐν πολέμῳ τὴν τελευτὴν γενέσθαι. | He was buried by the commonwealth of the Achaeans, and it befell him to meet his end in war. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.6 | 3 | μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι καὶ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ· | An inscription in Olympia also provides testimony: | ? | ? |
| 6.4.6 | 4 | μουνοπάλης νικῶ δὶς Ὀλύμπια Πύθιά τʼ ἄνδρας, τρὶς Νεμέᾳ, τετράκις δʼ Ἰσθμῷ ἐν ἀγχιάλῳ, Χίλων Χίλωνος Πατρεύς, ὃν λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον θάψʼ ἀρετῆς ἕνεκεν. | "I, Chilon, son of Chilon, of Patrae, twice victorious at Olympia, and at Delphi against men at wrestling, Three times at Nemea, four times at seaside Isthmus compete and prevail. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.6 | 5 | τὸ μὲν δὴ ἐπίγραμμα ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο ἐδήλωσεν· | Him, Chilon, when fallen in war, the people of the Achaeans buried for the sake of his excellence." | ? | ? |
| 6.4.7 | 1 | εἰ δὲ Λυσίππου τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὴν εἰκόνα τεκμαιρόμενον τῇ ἡλικίᾳ συμβαλέσθαι δεῖ με τὸν πόλεμον ἔνθα ὁ Χίλων ἔπεσεν, ἤτοι ἐς Χαιρώνειαν Ἀχαιοῖς τοῖς πᾶσιν ὁμοῦ στρατεύσασθαι ἢ ἰδίᾳ κατʼ ἀρετήν τε καὶ τόλμαν Ἀχαιῶν μόνος Ἀντιπάτρου μοι καὶ Μακεδόνων ἐναντία ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ Λάμιαν φαίνεται τὴν ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ. | If I am to draw a conclusion from the age of Chilon based on the statue made by Lysippus, the war in which he fell appears to be either the campaign at Chaeronea, where all the Achaeans fought collectively, or else, standing alone among the Achaeans in valor and daring, he faced Antipater and the Macedonians by Lamia in Thessaly. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.8 | 1 | ἐφεξῆς δὲ τοῦ Χίλωνος δύο ἀνάκεινται· | Next after the statue of Chilon stand two others. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.8 | 2 | τῷ μὲν Μολπίων ἐστὶν ὄνομα, στεφανωθῆναι δὲ τὸ ἐπίγραμμά φησιν αὐτὸν ὑπὸ Ἠλείων· | One of these is named Molpion, and the inscription says that the Eleans crowned him. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.8 | 3 | τὸν δὲ ἕτερον, ὅτῳ μηδέν ἐστιν ἐπίγραμμα, μνημονεύουσιν ὡς Ἀριστοτέλης ἐστὶν ὁ ἐκ τῶν Θρᾳκίων Σταγείρων, καὶ αὐτὸν ἤτοι μαθητὴς ἢ καὶ στρατιωτικὸς ἀνέθηκεν ἀνὴρ ἅτε παρὰ Ἀντιπάτρῳ καὶ πρότερον ἰσχύσαντα παρὰ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ. | The other, which bears no inscription at all, is remembered as being Aristotle, who came from the Thracian town of Stageira; and it is said that either a pupil of his, or indeed a military man dedicated the statue, since Aristotle had gained influence first with Alexander and afterward also with Antipater. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.9 | 1 | Σωδάμας δὲ ἐξ Ἀσσοῦ τῆς ἐν τῇ Τρῳάδι, κειμένης δὲ ὑπὸ τῇ Ἴδῃ, πρῶτος Αἰολέων τῶν ταύτῃ στάδιον Ὀλυμπίασιν ἐνίκησεν ἐν παισίν. | Sodamas, of Assos in the Troad, situated beneath Ida, was the first of the Aeolians from that region to have gained an Olympic victory in the foot-race for boys. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.9 | 2 | παρὰ δὲ Σωδάμαν Ἀρχίδαμος ἕστηκεν ὁ Ἀγησιλάου, Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεύς. | Beside Sodamas stands Archidamus, the son of Agesilaus, king of the Lacedaemonians. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.9 | 3 | πρὸ δὲ τοῦ Ἀρχιδάμου τούτου βασιλέως εἰκόνα οὐδενὸς ἔν γε τῇ ὑπερορίᾳ Λακεδαιμονίους ἀναθέντας εὕρισκον· | Prior to this King Archidamus, I cannot find that the Lacedaemonians ever dedicated an image at Olympia of any ruler who died in a foreign land. | ? | ? |
| 6.4.9 | 4 | Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ ἄλλων τε καὶ τῆς τελευτῆς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἕνεκα ἀνδριάντα ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀπέστειλαν, ὅτι ἐν βαρβάρῳ τε ἐπέλαβεν αὐτὸν τὸ χρεὼν καὶ βασιλέων μόνος τῶν ἐν Σπάρτῃ δῆλός ἐστιν ἁμαρτὼν τάφου. | But they sent this statue of Archidamus, it seems to me, chiefly because of the exceptional circumstances of his death: fate overtook him in a foreign country, and he alone, of all the Spartan kings, is known to have been denied proper burial. | ? | ? |