Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7.11.1 | 1 | Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ αὖθις ἄνδρα ἐκ τῆς βουλῆς καταπέμπουσιν ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα· ὄνομα μὲν τῷ ἀνδρὶ ἦν Γάλλος, ἀπέσταλτο δὲ Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ Ἀργείοις ὑπὲρ γῆς ἀμφισβητουμένης γενέσθαι δικαστής. | Once again the Romans sent a member of their senate into Greece; the name of this man was Gallus, and he was dispatched to act as an arbitrator between the Lacedaemonians and the Argives concerning disputed territory. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.1 | 2 | οὗτος ὁ Γάλλος ἐς τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν πολλὰ μὲν εἶπε, πολλὰ δὲ καὶ ἔπραξεν ὑπερήφανα, Λακεδαιμονίους δὲ καὶ Ἀργείους τὸ παράπαν ἔθετο ἐν χλευασίᾳ· | This Gallus spoke and acted in numerous ways with arrogance towards the Greeks, and treated the Lacedaemonians and Argives entirely with mockery. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.2 | 1 | πόλεσι γὰρ ἐς τοσοῦτο ἡκούσαις ἀξιώματος καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν ὅρων τῆς χώρας τὰ μὲν παλαιότερα ἐς οὐκ ἀφανῆ πόλεμον καὶ ἔργα οὕτως ἀφειδῆ προαχθείσαις, κριθείσαις δὲ καὶ ὕστερον παρὰ δικαστῇ κοινῷ Φιλίππῳ τῷ Ἀμύντου, | For these cities, having reached such a level of renown and having previously even gone beyond their territorial borders into wars well-known and deeds exceedingly lavish, and having later consented to arbitration by Philip, son of Amyntas, as the common judge: | ? | ? |
| 7.11.2 | 2 | αὐτὸς μέν σφισιν ὁ Γάλλος ἀπηξίωσε δικαστὴς καταστῆναι, Καλλικράτει δὲ ἁπάσης τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἀνδρὶ ἀλάστορι ἐπιτρέπει τὴν κρίσιν. | the Gaul himself declined to serve as their arbitrator, but entrusted the judgment to Callicrates, a man who was a scourge upon all Greece. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.3 | 1 | ἀφίκοντο δὲ ὡς τὸν Γάλλον καὶ Αἰτωλῶν οἱ Πλευρῶνα οἰκοῦντες, συντελείας τῆς ἐς Ἀχαιοὺς ἐθέλοντες ἄφεσιν εὕρασθαι· | Those who dwelt in Pleuron approached Gallus along with the rest of the Aetolians, wishing to obtain release from their contribution to the Achaean League. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.3 | 2 | καὶ αὐτοῖς ἐπετράπη μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ Γάλλου πρεσβείαν ἐπὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν ἰδίᾳ παρὰ Ῥωμαίους ἀποστεῖλαι, ἐπετράπη δὲ ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων συνεδρίου τοῦ Ἀχαιῶν ἀποστῆναι. | Gallus permitted them privately to send their own embassy to the Romans, and the Romans allowed them to withdraw from the Achaean League's assembly. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.3 | 3 | προσεπεστάλη δὲ ὑπὸ τῆς βουλῆς τῷ Γάλλῳ πόλεις ὁπόσας ἐστὶν οἷός τε ὡς πλείστας ἀφεῖναι συλλόγου τοῦ Ἀχαιῶν. | Furthermore, the Senate instructed Gallus to exempt as many cities as possible from membership in the Achaean confederation. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.4 | 1 | ὁ μὲν δὴ τὰ ἐντεταλμένα ἐποίει, Ἀθηναίων δὲ ὁ δῆμος ἀνάγκῃ πλέον ἢ ἑκουσίως διαρπάζουσιν Ὠρωπὸν ὑπήκοόν σφισιν οὖσαν· | He accordingly did what had been commanded him, but the Athenians, more from necessity than willingly, proceeded to plunder Oropus, although it was subject to them. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.4 | 2 | πενίας γὰρ ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον Ἀθηναῖοι τηνικαῦτα ἧκον ἅτε ὑπὸ Μακεδόνων πολέμῳ πιεσθέντες μάλιστα Ἑλλήνων. | For at that time the Athenians had reached the utmost degree of poverty, having suffered more severely than any other Greek people from the war against the Macedonians. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.4 | 3 | καταφεύγουσιν οὖν ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥωμαίων βουλὴν οἱ Ὠρώπιοι· | Therefore the Oropians appealed to the senate of the Romans. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.4 | 4 | καὶ δόξαντες παθεῖν οὐ δίκαια, καὶ ἐπεστάλη Σικυωνίοις ὑπὸ τῆς βουλῆς ἐπιβάλλειν σφᾶς Ἀθηναίοις ἐς Ὠρωπίους ζημίαν κατὰ τῆς βλάβης ἧς ἦρξαν τὴν ἀξίαν. | The senate judged that they had suffered an unjust treatment and sent instructions to the Sicyonians, ordering them to impose upon the Athenians a penalty toward the Oropians in proportion to the damage they had originated. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.5 | 1 | Σικυώνιοι μὲν οὖν οὐκ ἀφικομένοις ἐς καιρὸν τῆς κρίσεως Ἀθηναίοις ζημίαν πεντακόσια τάλαντα ἐπιβάλλουσι, Ῥωμαίων δὲ ἡ βουλὴ δεηθεῖσιν Ἀθηναίοις ἀφίησι πλὴν ταλάντων ἑκατὸν τὴν ἄλλην ζημίαν· | The Sicyonians, therefore, imposed a fine of five hundred talents upon the Athenians, who had failed to arrive on time for the trial; however, the Roman senate, after an appeal from the Athenians, remitted all but one hundred talents of this penalty. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.5 | 2 | ἐξέτισαν δὲ οὐδὲ ταῦτα οἱ Ἀθηναίοι, ἀλλὰ ὑποσχέσεσι καὶ δώροις ὑπελθόντες Ὠρωπίους ὑπάγονται σφᾶς ἐς ὁμολογίαν φρουράν τε Ἀθηναίων ἐσελθεῖν ἐς Ὠρωπὸν καὶ ὁμήρους λαβεῖν παρὰ Ὠρωπίων Ἀθηναίους· | Yet even this amount the Athenians did not pay; instead, by means of assurances and gifts, they secretly induced the Oropians to enter into an agreement whereby an Athenian garrison was introduced into Oropus and hostages from the Oropians were given to Athens. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.5 | 3 | ἢν δὲ αὖθις ἐς Ἀθηναίους γένηται ἔγκλημα Ὠρωπίοις, τὴν φρουρὰν τότε ἀπάγειν παρʼ αὐτῶν Ἀθηναίους, ἀποδοῦναι δὲ καὶ ὀπίσω τοὺς ὁμήρους. | The arrangement further provided that, should the Athenians again bring charges against the Oropians, they were then immediately to withdraw their garrison and return the hostages. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.6 | 1 | χρόνος τε δὴ οὐ πολὺς ὁ μεταξὺ ἤνυστο, καὶ τῶν φρουρῶν ἀδικοῦσιν ἄνδρες Ὠρωπίους. | Indeed, not much time passed before the guards wronged certain men of Oropus. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.6 | 2 | οἱ μὲν δὴ ἐς τὰς Ἀθήνας ἀπέστελλον ὁμήρους τε ἀπαιτήσοντας καὶ φρουράν σφισιν ἐξάγειν κατὰ τὰ συγκείμενα ἐροῦντας· | The Oropians therefore sent envoys to Athens, demanding hostages and requesting that the garrison be withdrawn in accordance with the agreement. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.6 | 3 | Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ οὐδέτερα ἔφασαν ποιήσειν, ἀνθρώπων γὰρ τῶν ἐπὶ τῇ φρουρᾷ καὶ οὐ τοῦ Ἀθηναίων δήμου τὸ ἁμάρτημα εἶναι· | But the Athenians refused to do either, saying the wrongdoing was the fault of the men serving as guards, and not of the Athenian people as a whole. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.6 | 4 | τοὺς μέντοι αὐτὰ εἰργασμένους ἐπηγγέλλοντο ὑφέξειν δίκην. | Nevertheless, they promised to bring those responsible to justice. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.7 | 1 | οἱ δὲ Ὠρώπιοι καταφεύγοντες ἐπὶ Ἀχαιοὺς ἐδέοντο τιμωρῆσαί σφισιν· | The people of Oropus, fleeing to the Achaeans, urged them to exact vengeance on their behalf. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.7 | 2 | Ἀχαιοῖς δὲ ἤρεσκε μὴ τιμωρεῖν φιλίᾳ τε καὶ αἰδοῖ τῇ Ἀθηναίων. | But the Achaeans preferred not to take action, out of friendship and respect towards the Athenians. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.7 | 3 | ἐνταῦθα οἱ Ὠρώπιοι Μεναλκίδᾳ, Λακεδαιμονίῳ μὲν γένος, στρατηγοῦντι δὲ ἐν τῷ τότε Ἀχαιῶν, ὑπισχνοῦνται δέκα ταλάντων δόσιν, ἤν σφισιν ἐπικουρεῖν Ἀχαιοὺς ἄγῃ· | Then the people of Oropus offered Menalcidas—who was of Spartan descent, but at that time was serving as general of the Achaeans—a sum of ten talents if he would bring the Achaeans to their aid. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.7 | 4 | ὁ δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν χρημάτων μεταδώσειν Καλλικράτει τὸ ἥμισυ ὑπισχνεῖτο, ἰσχύοντι διὰ φιλίαν τὴν Ρωμαίων ἐν Ἀχαιοῖς μέγιστον. | Menalcidas promised to give half this money to Callicrates, who, because of his close friendship with the Romans, held the greatest influence among the Achaeans. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.8 | 1 | προσγενομένου δὲ τοῦ Καλλικράτους πρὸς τὴν Μεναλκίδου γνώμην ἐκεκύρωτο κατὰ Ἀθηναίων ἀμύνειν Ὠρωπίοις. | When Callicrates had added his support to the counsel of Menalcidas, it was decreed that the Achaeans should come to the aid of the Oropians against the Athenians. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.8 | 2 | καί τις ἐξαγγέλλει ταῦτα ἐς τοὺς Ἀθηναίους· οἱ δὲ ὡς ἕκαστος τάχους εἶχεν ἐς τὸν Ὠρωπὸν ἐλθόντες καὶ αὖθις κατασύραντες εἴ τι ἐν ταῖς προτέραις παρεῖτό σφισιν ἁρπαγαῖς, ἀπάγουσι τὴν φρουράν. | But someone brought news of this to the Athenians, and they, each setting forth as quickly as he could, hastened to Oropus, seized immediately whatever had been overlooked in their former raid, and carried off the garrison. | ? | ? |
| 7.11.8 | 3 | Ἀχαιοὺς δὲ ὑστερήσαντας τῆς βοηθείας Μεναλκίδας μὲν καὶ Καλλικράτης ἐσβάλλειν ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἔπειθον· ἀνθισταμένων δὲ ἄλλων τε αὐτοῖς καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα τῶν ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος, ἀνεχώρησεν ὀπίσω τὸ στράτευμα. | After the Achaeans failed to arrive in time to provide assistance, Menalcidas and Callicrates urged them to invade Attica; however, encountering opposition from others and especially from the men of Lacedaemon, the army withdrew and turned back. | ? | ? |