Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.10.1 | 1 | ἐς Ἀρκαδίαν δὲ τὴν ἄλλην εἰσὶν ἐκ Μαντινείας ὁδοί· ὁπόσα δὲ ἐφʼ ἑκάστης αὐτῶν μάλιστα ἦν θέας ἄξια, ἐπέξειμι καὶ ταῦτα. | From Mantineia into the rest of Arcadia there are roads; I shall also describe whatever along each of them is especially worthy of attention. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.1 | 2 | ἰόντι ἐς Τεγέαν ἐστὶν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς λεωφόρου παρὰ τοῖς Μαντινέων τείχεσι χωρίον ἐς τῶν ἵππων τὸν δρόμον καὶ οὐ πόρρω τούτου στάδιον, ἔνθα ἐπὶ τῷ Ἀντίνῳ τὸν ἀγῶνα τιθέασιν. | Taking the road to Tegea, on the left side of the highway near the walls of Mantineia, there is land prepared for horse-races, and not far from it a stadium where contests are held in honor of Antinous. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.1 | 3 | ὑπὲρ δὲ τοῦ σταδίου τὸ ὄρος ἐστὶ τὸ Ἀλήσιον, διὰ τὴν ἄλην ὥς φασι καλούμενον τὴν Ῥέας, καὶ Δήμητρος ἄλσος ἐν τῷ ὄρει. | Above this stadium rises Mount Alesion, so named, as they say, from the wandering (alē) of Rhea. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.10 | 1 | Λεωκύδους δὲ τοῦ Μεγαλοπολιτῶν ὁμοῦ Λυδιάδῃ στρατηγήσαντος πρόγονον ἔνατον Ἀρκεσίλαον οἰκοῦντα ἐν Λυκοσούρᾳ λέγουσιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες ὡς ἴδοι τὴν ἱερὰν τῆς καλουμένης Δεσποίνης ἔλαφον πεπονηκυῖαν ὑπὸ γήρως· | The Arcadians say that Arcesilaus—a ninth ancestor before Leocydes the Megalopolitan, who shared command with Lydiades—dwelling at Lykosoura, saw a sacred deer of the goddess known as Despoina, exhausted by old age. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.10 | 2 | τῇ δὲ ἐλάφῳ ταύτῃ ψάλιόν τε εἶναι περὶ τὸν τράχηλον καὶ γράμματα ἐπὶ τῷ ψαλίῳ, νεβρὸς ἐὼν ἑάλων, ὅτʼ ἐς Ἴλιον ἦν Ἀγαπήνωρ. | Around this deer’s neck was a collar, and upon the collar were inscribed characters: "I was captured as a fawn, when Agapenor went to Ilium." | ? | ? |
| 8.10.10 | 3 | οὗτος μὲν δὴ ἐπιδείκνυσιν ὁ λόγος ἔλαφον εἶναι πολλῷ καὶ ἐλέφαντος μακροβιώτερον θηρίον· | This account clearly shows that the deer is an animal far longer-lived even than the elephant. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.2 | 1 | παρὰ δὲ τοῦ ὄρους τὰ ἔσχατα τοῦ Ποσειδῶνός ἐστι τοῦ Ἱππίου τὸ ἱερόν, οὐ πρόσω σταδίου Μαντινείας. | Beyond the mountain lies the sanctuary of Poseidon Hippios, situated at the furthest edge of Mantineia, less than a stade distant. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.2 | 2 | τὰ δὲ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο ἐγώ τε ἀκοὴν γράφω καὶ ὅσοι μνήμην ἄλλοι περὶ αὐτοῦ πεποίηνται. | Regarding this sanctuary, I record both what I personally have heard and what others before me have preserved in memory. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.2 | 3 | τὸ μὲν δὴ ἱερὸν τὸ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ᾠκοδομήσατο Ἀδριανὸς βασιλεύς, ἐπιστήσας τοῖς ἐργαζομένοις ἐπόπτας ἄνδρας, ὡς μήτε ἐνίδοι τις ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν τὸ ἀρχαῖον μήτε τῶν ἐρειπίων τι αὐτοῦ μετακινοῖτο· | In our time, the Emperor Hadrian rebuilt the temple, appointing overseers among the workmen to ensure that no one could look into the old sanctuary nor even displace any of its ruins. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.2 | 4 | πέριξ δὲ ἐκέλευε τὸν ναὸν σφᾶς οἰκοδομεῖσθαι τὸν καινόν. | Rather, he ordered the construction of the new temple to take place around it. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.2 | 5 | τὰ δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τῷ Ποσειδῶνι τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο Ἀγαμήδης λέγονται καὶ Τροφώνιος ποιῆσαι, δρυῶν ξύλα ἐργασάμενοι καὶ ἁρμόσαντες πρὸς ἄλληλα· | Originally, it is said, this sanctuary of Poseidon was built by Agamedes and Trophonius, who worked oak timbers and fitted them together. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.3 | 1 | ἐσόδου δὲ ἐς αὐτὸ εἴργοντες ἀνθρώπους ἔρυμα μὲν πρὸ τῆς ἐσόδου προεβάλοντο οὐδέν, μίτον δὲ διατείνουσιν ἐρεοῦν, τάχα μέν που τοῖς τότε ἄγουσι τὰ θεῖα ἐν τιμῇ δεῖμα καὶ τοῦτο ἔσεσθαι νομίζοντες, τάχα δʼ ἄν τι μετείη καὶ ἰσχύος τῷ μίτῳ. | At the entrance to this place, they set no barrier whatsoever to block people's entry, but instead stretch across it a woollen thread; perhaps those who originally conducted the sacred rites thought even this would inspire reverential fear, or perhaps the thread itself possessed some power. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.3 | 2 | φαίνεται δὲ καὶ Αἴπυτος ὁ Ἱππόθου μήτε πηδήσας ὑπὲρ τὸν μίτον μήτε ὑποδύς, διακόψας δὲ αὐτὸν ἐσελθὼν ἐς τὸ ἱερόν· | Indeed, it is reported that Aepytus, son of Hippothous, neither leaped over nor crept beneath this thread; rather, he broke it and entered the sanctuary. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.3 | 3 | καὶ ποιήσας οὐχ ὅσια ἐτυφλώθη τε ἐμπεσόντος ἐς τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῷ τοῦ κύματος καὶ αὐτίκα ἐπιλαμβάνει τὸ χρεὼν αὐτόν. | And, having committed this sacrilegious act, he was blinded immediately as a wave surged into his eyes, and without delay the destined punishment came upon him. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.4 | 1 | θαλάσσης δὲ ἀναφαίνεσθαι κῦμα ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ λόγος ἐστὶν ἀρχαῖος· | There is an ancient tradition that says a wave from the sea appeared in the sanctuary. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.4 | 2 | ἐοικότα δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι λέγουσιν ἐς τὸ κῦμα τὸ ἐν ἀκροπόλει καὶ Καρῶν οἱ Μύλασα ἔχοντες ἐς τοῦ θεοῦ τὸ ἱερόν, ὃν φωνῇ τῇ ἐπιχωρίᾳ καλοῦσιν Ὀσογῶα. | Similar stories are told by the Athenians concerning the wave on their Acropolis, and by the Carians from Mylasa about the sanctuary of the god whom they call, in their local tongue, Osogoa. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.4 | 3 | Ἀθηναίοις μὲν δὴ σταδίους μάλιστα εἴκοσιν ἀφέστηκε τῆς πόλεως ἡ πρὸς Φαληρῷ θάλασσα, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Μυλασεῦσιν ἐπίνειον σταδίους ὀγδοήκοντα ἀπέχον ἐστὶν ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως· | Now, the Athenians are situated about twenty stades from the sea at Phalerum, and likewise the port serving the people of Mylasa is eighty stades distant from their city. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.4 | 4 | Μαντινεῦσι δὲ ἐκ μακροτάτων τε ἡ θάλασσα ἄνεισι καὶ ἐκφανέστατα δὴ κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ γνώμην. | But for the Mantineans, the sea is the farthest removed and thus its appearance here is most clearly a manifestation of divine intent. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.5 | 1 | πέραν δὲ τοῦ ἱεροῦ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τρόπαιόν ἐστι λίθου πεποιημένον ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Ἄγιδος· | Beyond the sanctuary of Poseidon stands a trophy made of stone, commemorating victory over the Lacedaemonians and Agis. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.5 | 2 | λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὁ τρόπος τῆς μάχης. | The manner of the battle is also recounted as follows: the Mantineans themselves took the right flank, furnishing an army from all ages and led by Podares, who was a third-generation descendant of that Podares who had fought against the Thebans. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.5 | 3 | τὸ μὲν δεξιὸν εἶχον οἱ Μαντινεῖς αὐτοί, στρατιάν τε ἀπὸ πάσης ἡλικίας καὶ στρατηγὸν παρεχόμενοι Ποδάρην ἀπόγονον τρίτον Ποδάρου τοῦ Θηβαίοις ἐναντία ἀγωνισαμένου, παρῆν δέ σφισι καὶ μάντις Ἠλεῖος Θρασύβουλος Αἰνέου τῶν Ἰαμιδῶν---οὗτος ὁ ἀνὴρ νίκην τε τοῖς Μαντινεῦσι προηγόρευσε καὶ αὐτός σφισι τοῦ ἔργου μετέσχεν---· | Accompanying them was the Eleian seer Thrasybulus, son of Aineas, of the lineage of the Iamidae; this man had foretold the victory of the Mantineans and himself took part in the fighting alongside them. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.6 | 1 | ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ εὐωνύμῳ πᾶν τὸ ἄλλο Ἀρκαδικὸν ἐτάσσοντο, ἄρχοντες δὲ κατὰ πόλεις τε ἦσαν καὶ Μεγαλοπολιτῶν Λυδιάδης καὶ Λεωκύδης· | On the left wing was positioned all the rest of the Arcadian force, with commanders appointed from their respective cities, among whom were Lydiades and Leocydes from Megalopolis. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.6 | 2 | Ἀράτῳ δὲ ἐπετέτραπτο καὶ Σικυωνίοις τε καὶ Ἀχαιοῖς τὸ μέσον. | The center had been entrusted to Aratus, who commanded both the Sicyonians and the Achaeans. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.6 | 3 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ καὶ Ἆγις ἐπεξέτειναν τὴν φάλαγγα, ὡς τῶν ἐναντίων τῷ στρατεύματι ἀντιπαρήκοιεν· | The Lacedaemonians and Agis extended their battle line to match the opposing army. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.6 | 4 | τὸ μέσον δὲ Ἆγις καὶ οἱ περὶ τὸν βασιλέα εἶχον. | The center was held by Agis himself along with those who accompanied the king. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.7 | 1 | Ἄρατος δὲ ἀπὸ συγκειμένου πρὸς τοὺς Ἀρκάδας ὑπέφευγεν αὐτός τε καὶ ὁ σὺν αὐτῷ στρατὸς οἷα δὴ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων σφίσιν ἐγκειμένων· | But Aratus, according to the plan agreed upon with the Arcadians, himself and his army began a controlled withdrawal, since the Lacedaemonians were pressing hard against them. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.7 | 2 | ὑποφεύγοντες δὲ ἅμα τὸ σύνταγμα σφῶν ἠρέμα ἐποίουν μηνοειδές. | And in their withdrawal, the formation of their forces gradually assumed the shape of a crescent. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.7 | 3 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ καὶ Ἆγις νίκην τε ἤλπιζον καὶ τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἄρατον ἐνέκειντο ἀθρόοι μᾶλλον· ἐπηκολούθουν δέ σφισι καὶ οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν κεράτων, Ἄρατον καὶ τὴν σὺν αὐτῷ στρατιὰν τρέψασθαι μέγα ἀγώνισμα ἡγούμενοι. | The Lacedaemonians and Agis, believing victory was within their grasp, pressed upon the troops around Aratus even more vigorously; those from the flanks also pursued with them, regarding it as a great accomplishment to rout Aratus and the army under his command. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.8 | 1 | ἔλαθόν τε δὴ κατὰ νώτου γενόμενοί σφισιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες καὶ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι κυκλωθέντες τῆς τε ἄλλης στρατιᾶς τὸ πολὺ ἀποβάλλουσι καὶ βασιλεὺς ἔπεσεν Ἆγις Εὐδαμίδου. | The Arcadians got behind the Lacedaemonians without their noticing, encircled them, and the Spartans consequently lost the greater part of the rest of their army, while King Agis, son of Eudamidas, fell. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.8 | 2 | φανῆναι δὲ καὶ τὸν Ποσειδῶνα ἀμύνοντά σφισιν ἔφασαν οἱ Μαντινεῖς, καὶ τοῦδε ἕνεκα τρόπαιον ἐποιήσαντο ἀνάθημα τῷ Ποσειδῶνι. | The Mantineans claimed that Poseidon himself had appeared, aiding them in battle, and for this reason they set up a trophy as an offering to Poseidon. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.9 | 1 | πολέμῳ δὲ καὶ ἀνθρώπων φόνοις παρεῖναι θεοὺς ἐποίησαν μὲν ὅσοις τὰ ἡρώων ἐμέλησεν ἐν Ἰλίῳ παθήματα, ᾄδεται δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων ὡς θεοί σφισιν ἐν Μαραθῶνι καὶ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι τοῦ ἔργου μετάσχοιεν· | As for the presence of gods in warfare and the slaughter of men, those concerned with the sufferings of heroes at Ilium have affirmed this; and the Athenians sing of how the gods took part in their deeds at Marathon and Salamis. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.9 | 2 | ἐκδηλότατα δὲ ὁ Γαλατῶν στρατὸς ἀπώλετο ἐν Δελφοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἐναργῶς ὑπὸ δαιμόνων. | But most clearly of all, the host of the Gauls was destroyed at Delphi by divine agency, manifestly through supernatural powers. | ? | ? |
| 8.10.9 | 3 | οὕτω καὶ Μαντινεῦσιν ἕπεται οὐκ ἄνευ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τὸ κράτος γενέσθαι σφίσι. | Thus the Mantineans also attribute their victory explicitly to the assistance of Poseidon. | ? | ? |