Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.41.1 | 1 | Φιγαλεῦσι δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς καὶ πολυάνδριον τῶν λογάδων τῶν Ὀρεσθασίων ἐστί, καὶ ὡς ἥρωσιν αὐτοῖς ἐναγίζουσιν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος. | In the market-place of Phigaleia there is also a common tomb of the picked warriors of Oresthasion, and every year they offer sacrifices to them as heroes. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.10 | 1 | ἔστι δὲ ὕδατος ἐν τῷ ὄρει τῷ Κωτιλίῳ πηγή, καὶ ὅπου συνέγραψεν ἤδη τις ἀπὸ ταύτης τῷ ποταμῷ τὸ ῥεῦμα τῷ Λύμακι ἄρχεσθαι, συνέγραψεν οὔτε αὐτὸς θεασάμενος οὔτε ἀνδρὸς ἀκοὴν ἰδόντος· | There is on Mount Kotilion a spring of water, and whoever has maintained that the stream of the river Lymakos begins from this spring, has written neither from his own eyewitness account nor hearing from someone who had actually seen it. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.10 | 2 | ἃ καὶ ἀμφότερα παρῆσαν ἐμοί· τὸ μὲν ποταμοῦ ῥεῦμα ὂν ἑωρῶμεν, τῆς δὲ ἐν τῷ Κωτιλίῳ πηγῆς οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἐξικνούμενον τὸ ὕδωρ ἀλλὰ ἐντὸς ὀλίγου παντάπασιν ἀφανὲς γινόμενον. | Both these conditions were present for me: for we saw in fact the stream flowing as a river, whereas the water from the spring on Mount Kotilion does not extend very far at all, but disappears altogether shortly after emerging. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.10 | 3 | οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ ὅπου τῆς Ἀρκάδων ἐστὶν ἡ πηγὴ τῷ Λύμακι, ἐπῆλθε πολυπραγμονῆσαί μοι. | Moreover, I did not investigate precisely the spring that the Arcadians ascribe to the Lymakos. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.10 | 4 | ἔστι δὲ ὑπὲρ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Ἐπικουρίου χωρίον Κώτιλον μὲν ἐπίκλησιν, Ἀφροδίτη δέ ἐστιν ἐν Κωτίλῳ· καὶ αὐτῇ τε ναός τε ἦν οὐκ ἔχων ἔτι ὄροφον καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐπεποίητο. | Above the sanctuary of Apollo Epikourios is a place named Kotilon, and in Kotilon there is a sanctuary of Aphrodite; her temple still stood, though it no longer had its roof, and a statue of her had been fashioned there. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.2 | 1 | ποταμὸς δὲ ὁ καλούμενος Λύμαξ ἐκδίδωσι μὲν ἐς τὴν Νέδαν παρʼ αὐτὴν ῥέων Φιγαλίαν, | The river called Lymax flows into the Neda, passing right by Phigalia. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.2 | 2 | γενέσθαι δὲ τοὔνομά φασι τῷ ποταμῷ καθαρσίων τῶν Ῥέας ἕνεκα. | They say that the river acquired its name from the purifications associated with Rhea. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.2 | 3 | ὡς γὰρ δὴ τεκοῦσαν τὸν Δία ἐκάθηραν ἐπὶ ταῖς ὠδῖσιν αἱ Νύμφαι, τὰ καθάρματα ἐς τοῦτον ἐμβάλλουσι τὸν ποταμόν· | For when Rhea had given birth to Zeus, the nymphs cleansed her after her labor and cast the impurities into this river. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.2 | 4 | ὠνόμαζον δὲ ἄρα οἱ ἀρχαῖοι αὐτὰ λύματα. | The ancients used to call such impurities "lymata." | ? | ? |
| 8.41.2 | 5 | μαρτυρεῖ δὲ καὶ Ὅμηρος, ἀπολυμαίνεσθαί τε ἐπὶ λύσει τοῦ λοιμοῦ τοὺς Ἕλληνας καὶ ἐμβάλλειν τὰ λύματα εἰπὼν σφᾶς ἐς θάλασσαν. | Homer, too, bears witness to this usage when he speaks of the Greeks purifying themselves to end the plague and throwing their impurities, which he calls "lymata," into the sea. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.3 | 1 | εἰσὶ δὲ αἱ πηγαὶ τῆς Νέδας ἐν ὄρει τῷ Κεραυσίῳ· | The springs of the Neda are located on Mount Kerausion. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.3 | 2 | τοῦ Λυκαίου δὲ μοῖρά ἐστι. | It is part of Lykaion. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.3 | 3 | καθότι δὲ ἐγγύτατα ἡ Νέδα Φιγαλέων τῆς πόλεως γίνεται, κατὰ τοῦτο οἱ Φιγαλέων παῖδες ἀποκείρονται τῷ ποταμῷ τὰς κόμας· | Because the Neda flows very close to the city of Phigaleia, the youths of Phigaleia cut their hair in honour of the river. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.3 | 4 | τὰ δὲ πρὸς θαλάσσῃ καὶ ἀναπλεῖται ναυσὶν οὐ μεγάλαις ἡ Νέδα. | Near the sea, the Neda is navigable by small vessels. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.3 | 5 | ποταμῶν δὲ ὁπόσους ἴσμεν Μαίανδρος μὲν σκολιῷ μάλιστα κάτεισι τῷ ῥεύματι, ἔς τε τὸ ἄνω καμπὰς καὶ αὖθις ἐπιστροφὰς παρεχόμενος πλείστας· | Among all rivers we know, the Maeander has by far the most winding course, with many bends and frequent twists that turn back upon themselves. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.3 | 6 | δεύτερα δὲ ἑλιγμῶν γε ἕνεκα φέροιτο ἂν ἡ Νέδα. | Second to the Maeander in meandering flows the Neda. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.4 | 1 | σταδίοις δὲ ὅσον δώδεκα ἀνωτέρω Φιγαλίας θερμά τέ ἐστι λουτρὰ καὶ τούτων οὐ πόρρω κάτεισιν ὁ Λύμαξ ἐς τὴν Νέδαν· | About twelve stades beyond Phigalia there are hot baths, and not far from them the river Lymax flows down into the Neda. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.4 | 2 | ᾗ δὲ συμβάλλουσι τὰ ῥεύματα, ἔστι τῆς Εὐρυνόμης τὸ ἱερόν, ἅγιόν τε ἐκ παλαιοῦ καὶ ὑπὸ τραχύτητος τοῦ χωρίου δυσπρόσοδον· | At the junction of these streams stands the sanctuary of Eurynome, holy from ancient times and difficult of access due to the ruggedness of the place. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.4 | 3 | περὶ αὐτὸ καὶ κυπάρισσοι πεφύκασι πολλαί τε καὶ ἀλλήλαις συνεχεῖς. | Around it grow many cypress trees, closely clustered together. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.5 | 1 | τὴν δὲ Εὐρυνόμην ὁ μὲν τῶν Φιγαλέων δῆμος ἐπίκλησιν εἶναι πεπίστευκεν Ἀρτέμιδος· | The people of Phigalia believe that Eurynome is an epithet of Artemis. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.5 | 2 | ὅσοι δὲ αὐτῶν παρειλήφασιν ὑπομνήματα ἀρχαῖα, θυγατέρα Ὠκεανοῦ φασιν εἶναι τὴν Εὐρυνόμην, ἧς δὴ καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ἰλιάδι ἐποιήσατο μνήμην ὡς ὁμοῦ Θέτιδι ὑποδέξαιτο Ἥφαιστον. | But those among them who have inherited ancient traditions say that Eurynome was a daughter of Oceanus, whose name is also mentioned by Homer in the Iliad, where she, along with Thetis, is described as having received Hephaestus. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.5 | 3 | ἡμέρᾳ δὲ τῇ αὐτῇ κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον τὸ ἱερὸν ἀνοιγνύουσι τῆς Εὐρυνόμης, τὸν δὲ ἄλλον χρόνον οὔ σφισιν ἀνοιγνύναι καθέστηκε· | Each year, on one specific day, they open the sanctuary of Eurynome; at all other times, it is their custom not to open it. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.6 | 1 | τηνικαῦτα δὲ καὶ θυσίας δημοσίᾳ τε καὶ ἰδιῶται θύουσιν. | And at this time both the community and private individuals perform sacrifices. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.6 | 2 | ἀφικέσθαι μὲν δή μοι τῆς ἑορτῆς οὐκ ἐξεγένετο ἐς καιρὸν οὐδὲ τῆς Εὐρυνόμης τὸ ἄγαλμα εἶδον· | I myself did not arrive in time for the festival, nor did I see the statue of Eurynome. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.6 | 3 | τῶν Φιγαλέων δʼ ἤκουσα ὡς χρυσαῖ τε τὸ ξόανον συνδέουσιν ἁλύσεις καὶ εἰκὼν γυναικὸς τὰ ἄχρι τῶν γλουτῶν, τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου δέ ἐστιν ἰχθύς. | However, I heard from the people of Phigaleia that the wooden image is bound with golden chains and is shaped as a woman down to the hips, while below that point it has the form of a fish. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.6 | 4 | θυγατρὶ μὲν δὴ Ὠκεανοῦ καὶ ἐν βυθῷ τῆς θαλάσσης ὁμοῦ Θέτιδι οἰκούσῃ παρέχοιτο ἄν τι ἐς γνώρισμα αὐτῆς ὁ ἰχθύς· Ἀρτέμιδι δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ἂν μετά γε τοῦ εἰκότος λόγου μετείη τοιούτου σχήματος. | Indeed, the fish feature might suitably serve as a distinguishing mark for a daughter of Ocean who dwells with Thetis in the depths of the sea; however, no rational argument could plausibly connect Artemis to such a form. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.7 | 1 | περιέχεται δὲ ἡ Φιγαλία ὄρεσιν, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ καλουμένου Κωτιλίου, τὰ δὲ ἐς δεξιὰν ἕτερον προβεβλημένον ἐστὶν αὐτῆς ὄρος τὸ Ἐλάιον. | Phigalia is surrounded by mountains: on the left side by the mountain called Kotilion, while on the right another mountain, Elaion, stretches forth. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.7 | 2 | ἀπέχει δὲ τῆς πόλεως ἐς τεσσαράκοντα τὸ Κωτίλιον μάλιστα σταδίους· | Kotilion lies about forty stades from the city. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.7 | 3 | ἐν δὲ τῷ αὐτῷ χωρίον τέ ἐστι καλούμενον Βᾶσσαι καὶ ὁ ναὸς τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Ἐπικουρίου, λίθου καὶ αὐτὸς καὶ ὁ ὄροφος. | In the same place is a locality called Bassai, and here also is the temple of Apollo the Helper, built entirely of stone, including its roof. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.8 | 1 | ναῶν δὲ ὅσοι Πελοποννησίοις εἰσί, μετά γε τὸν ἐν Τεγέᾳ προτιμῷτο οὗτος ἂν τοῦ λίθου τε ἐς κάλλος καὶ τῆς ἁρμονίας ἕνεκα. | Among all the temples in the Peloponnese, next to the one at Tegea, this temple would be most esteemed both for the beauty of its stone and for the harmony of its construction. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.8 | 2 | τὸ δὲ ὄνομα ἐγένετο τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι ἐπικουρήσαντι ἐπὶ νόσῳ λοιμώδει, καθότι καὶ παρὰ Ἀθηναίοις ἐπωνυμίαν ἔλαβεν Ἀλεξίκακος ἀποτρέψας καὶ τούτοις τὴν νόσον. | It acquired its name because Apollo gave assistance against a plague epidemic, just as among the Athenians he took the surname Alexikakos ("Averter of Evil") for having turned away disease from them also. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.9 | 1 | ἔπαυσε δὲ ὑπὸ τὸν Πελοποννησίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων πόλεμον καὶ τοὺς Φιγαλέας καὶ οὐκ ἐν ἑτέρῳ καιρῷ· | The war between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians also brought an end to the hostilities of the Phigalians, and at no other time than this. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.9 | 2 | μαρτύρια δὲ αἵ τε ἐπικλήσεις ἀμφότεραι τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἐοικός τι ὑποσημαίνουσαι καὶ Ἰκτῖνος ὁ ἀρχιτέκτων τοῦ ἐν Φιγαλίᾳ ναοῦ γεγονὼς τῇ ἡλικίᾳ κατὰ Περικλέα καὶ Ἀθηναίοις τὸν Παρθενῶνα καλούμενον κατασκευάσας. | Evidence for this is provided both by the epithets of Apollo in the two places, which seem to point to something similar, and by the fact that Ictinus, the architect who built the temple at Phigalia, was contemporary with Pericles, and also constructed for the Athenians the temple called the Parthenon. | ? | ? |
| 8.41.9 | 3 | ἐδίδαξε δὲ ὁ λόγος ἤδη μοι τὸ ἄγαλμα εἶναι τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος Μεγαλοπολιτῶν ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ. | My inquiry has already informed me that the statue stands in the marketplace of the Megalopolitans and represents Apollo. | ? | ? |