Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.8.1 | 1 | τόδε μὲν ἡμῖν ἐγένετο ἐπεισόδιον τῷ λόγῳ· | This much has been an episode in my narrative. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.1 | 2 | μετὰ δὲ τὰ ἐρείπια τῆς Νεστάνης ἱερὸν Δήμητρός ἐστιν ἅγιον, καὶ αὐτῇ καὶ ἑορτὴν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος ἄγουσιν οἱ Μαντινεῖς. | Beyond the ruins of Nestane is a sanctuary sacred to Demeter; the Mantineans hold a festival there in her honor every year. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.1 | 3 | καὶ κατὰ τὴν Νεστάνην ὑπόκειται μάλιστα , μοῖρα μὲν καὶ αὐτὴ τοῦ πεδίου τοῦ Ἀργοῦ, χορὸς δὲ ὀνομάζεται Μαιρᾶς. | Near Nestane, at the foot of the mountain above it, there is a place that forms part of the plain of Argos, called the Dancing-ground of Maera. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.1 | 4 | τοῦ πεδίου δέ ἐστιν ἡ διέξοδος τοῦ Ἀργοῦ σταδίων δέκα. | The outlet from the plain of Argos is about ten stades in length. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.1 | 5 | ὑπερβὰς δὲ οὐ πολὺ ἐς ἕτερον καταβήσῃ πεδίον· ἐν τούτῳ δὲ παρὰ τὴν λεωφόρον ἐστὶν Ἄρνη καλουμένη κρήνη. | Passing beyond it for not much distance, you descend into another plain; here, beside the highway, is a spring called Arne. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.10 | 1 | Μαντινέας δὲ ἐκ τῶν κωμῶν κατάξειν ἐς τὴν πατρίδα ἔμελλον Θηβαῖοι μετὰ τὸ ἔργον τὸ ἐν Λεύκτροις. | After their victory at Leuctra, the Thebans intended to bring back the Mantineans from the villages into their city. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.10 | 2 | κατελθόντες δὲ οὐ τὰ πάντα ἐγένοντο δίκαιοι· περιληφθέντες δὲ ἐπικηρυκευόμενοι Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ εἰρήνην ἰδίᾳ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἄνευ τοῦ Ἀρκάδων κοινοῦ πράσσοντες, οὕτω διὰ τὸ δέος τῶν Θηβαίων ἐς τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων συμμαχίαν μετεβάλοντο ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ, | But once the Mantineans had returned, they did not behave altogether justly; instead, caught negotiating secretly with the Lacedaemonians and privately arranging a peace with them independently of the Arcadian League, out of fear of the Thebans, they openly transferred their alliance to the Spartans. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.10 | 3 | καὶ τῆς Μαντινικῆς πρὸς Ἐπαμινώνδαν καὶ Θηβαίους μάχης Λακεδαιμονίων γινομένης ὁμοῦ τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐτάξαντο οἱ Μαντινεῖς. | Thus, during the confrontation at Mantineia between Epaminondas and the Thebans against the Spartans, the Mantineans formed ranks together with the Spartans. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.11 | 1 | τούτων δὲ ὕστερον διαφορὰ ἐγένετο Μαντινεῦσιν ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους, καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν μετέστησαν ἐς τὸ Ἀχαϊκόν· | Afterward, the Mantineans came into dispute with the Lacedaemonians and deserted them, joining the Achaean League. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.11 | 2 | καὶ Ἆγιν τὸν Εὐδαμίδου βασιλεύοντα ἐν Σπάρτῃ νικῶσιν ἀμύνοντες τῇ σφετέρᾳ, νικῶσι δὲ προσλαβόντες Ἀχαιῶν στρατιὰν καὶ Ἄρατον ἡγεμόνα ἐπʼ αὐτῇ. | While defending their territory, they defeated Agis, son of Eudamidas, then king at Sparta, prevailing with the aid of an Achaean army under the leadership of Aratus. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.11 | 3 | μετέσχον δὲ καὶ πρὸς Κλεομένην τοῦ ἔργου τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς καὶ συγκαθεῖλον Λακεδαιμονίων τὴν ἰσχύν. | They also took part with the Achaeans in the struggle against Cleomenes, and together they broke the power of the Lacedaemonians. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.11 | 4 | Ἀντιγόνου δὲ ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ Φίλιππον τὸν Περσέως πατέρα ἔτι παῖδα ἐπιτροπεύοντος καὶ Ἀχαιοῖς ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ὄντος ἐπιτηδείου, ἄλλα τε ἐς τιμὴν αὐτοῦ Μαντινεῦσιν ἐποιήθη καὶ ὄνομα τῇ πόλει μετέθεντο Ἀντιγόνειαν. | At the time when Antigonus was guardian of Philip, the son of Perseus' father, in Macedonia, and particularly friendly toward the Achaeans, among other honors shown to Antigonus, the Mantineans renamed their city Antigoneia. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.12 | 1 | χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον Αὐγούστου πρὸς τῇ ἄκρᾳ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Ἀκτίου ναυμαχήσειν μέλλοντος Μαντινεῖς ἐμαχέσαντο ὁμοῦ Ῥωμαίοις, τὸ δὲ ἄλλο Ἀρκαδικὸν συνετάχθησαν Ἀντωνίῳ, κατʼ ἄλλο μὲν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν οὐδέν, ὅτι δὲ ἐφρόνουν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὰ Αὐγούστου. | Some time later, when Augustus was about to engage in naval battle at Actium near the promontory of Apollo Actius, the Mantineans fought alongside the Romans, whereas the rest of Arcadia supported Antony—not, as it seems to me, for any other reason than that the Lacedaemonians favored Augustus. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.12 | 2 | δέκα δὲ ὕστερον γενεαῖς ἐβασίλευσέ τε Ἀδριανὸς καὶ ἀφελὼν Μαντινεῦσι τὸ ὄνομα τὸ ἐκ Μακεδονίας ἐπακτὸν ἀπέδωκεν αὖθις Μαντίνειαν καλεῖσθαί σφισι τὴν πόλιν. | Ten generations afterward, Hadrian became emperor; he removed from the Mantineans the name brought from Macedonia and restored to them once again their city’s original name, Mantineia. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.2 | 1 | λέγεται δὲ καὶ τοιάδε ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων, Ῥέα ἡνίκα Ποσειδῶνα ἔτεκε, τὸν μὲν ἐς ποίμνην καταθέσθαι δίαιταν ἐνταῦθα ἕξοντα μετὰ τῶν ἀρνῶν, ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ ὀνομασθῆναι καὶ τὴν πηγήν, ὅτι περὶ αὐτὴν ἐποιμαίνοντο οἱ ἄρνες· | The Arcadians also relate the following: when Rhea gave birth to Poseidon, she placed him among a flock to be raised there with the sheep, and therefore the spring received its name because the sheep grazed around it. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.2 | 2 | φάναι δὲ αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν Κρόνον τεκεῖν ἵππον καί οἱ πῶλον ἵππου καταπιεῖν ἀντὶ τοῦ παιδὸς δοῦναι, καθὰ καὶ ὕστερον ἀντὶ τοῦ Διὸς λίθον ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ κατειλημένον σπαργάνοις. | They further say that she declared to Cronus that she had given birth to a horse, and she offered him a foal to devour instead of the child, just as later she gave him a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes instead of Zeus. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.3 | 1 | τούτοις Ἑλλήνων ἐγὼ τοῖς λόγοις ἀρχόμενος μὲν τῆς συγγραφῆς εὐηθίας ἔνεμον πλέον, ἐς δὲ τὰ Ἀρκάδων προεληλυθὼς πρόνοιαν περὶ αὐτῶν τοιάνδε ἐλάμβανον· | When I began this work, I inclined more toward naïvely accepting these Greek traditions. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.3 | 2 | Ἑλλήνων τοὺς νομιζομένους σοφοὺς διʼ αἰνιγμάτων πάλαι καὶ οὐκ ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος λέγειν τοὺς λόγους, καὶ τὰ εἰρημένα οὖν ἐς τὸν Κρόνον σοφίαν εἶναί τινα εἴκαζον Ἑλλήνων. | However, once I had proceeded to the Arcadian accounts, I developed the following conviction about them: that the Greeks considered wise from ancient times spoke in riddles, rather than plainly and directly, and thus I concluded that the stories told about Cronus contain some kind of concealed Greek wisdom. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.3 | 3 | τῶν μὲν δὴ ἐς τὸ θεῖον ἡκόντων τοῖς εἰρημένοις χρησόμεθα· | As for those subjects that pertain to the divine realm, I shall adhere to what has been stated. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.4 | 1 | Μαντινέων δὲ ἡ πόλις σταδίους μάλιστά που δώδεκά ἐστιν ἀπωτέρω τῆς πηγῆς ταύτης. | The city of the Mantineans lies about twelve stades beyond this spring. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.4 | 2 | Μαντινεὺς μὲν οὖν ὁ Λυκάονος ἑτέρωθι φαίνεται οἰκίσας τὴν πόλιν, ἣν ὀνομάζουσι καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι Πτόλιν οἱ Ἀρκάδες· | Mantineus, son of Lycaon, seems to have founded a city elsewhere, which to this day the Arcadians still call "Ptolis." | ? | ? |
| 8.8.4 | 3 | ἐκεῖθεν δὲ Ἀντινόη Κηφέως τοῦ Ἀλέου θυγάτηρ κατὰ μάντευμα ἀναστήσασα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἤγαγεν ἐς τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον, | Later, Antinoë, the daughter of Cepheus, son of Aleus, removed the inhabitants from there—guided by an oracle—and led them to this place. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.4 | 4 | ὄφιν---ὁποῖον, οὐ μνημονεύουσιν--- ἡγεμόνα ποιησαμένη τῆς ὁδοῦ· | She made a serpent—of what kind they do not record—her guide for the journey. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.4 | 5 | καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ὁ παρὰ τὴν πόλιν ῥέων τὴν νῦν ποταμὸς Ὄφις ὄνομα ἔσχηκεν. | For this reason, the river flowing near the city received the name Ophis ("Serpent"). | ? | ? |
| 8.8.5 | 1 | εἰ δὲ Ὁμήρου χρὴ τεκμαιρόμενον τοῖς ἔπεσι συμβαλέσθαι γνώμην, τὸν ὄφιν τοῦτον δράκοντα εἶναι πείθομαι. | If one must judge by the verses of Homer and use them as evidence, I am convinced that this "serpent" was a dragon. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.5 | 2 | περὶ Φιλοκτήτου μὲν ἐν νεῶν καταλόγῳ ποιήσας ὡς ἀπολίποιεν αὐτὸν οἱ Ἕλληνες ἐν Λήμνῳ ταλαιπωροῦντα ὑπὸ τοῦ ἕλκους, ἐπίκλησιν δὲ οὐκ ἔθετο ὄφιν τῷ ὕδρῳ· τὸν δράκοντα δέ, ὃν ἐς τοὺς Τρῶας ἀφῆκεν ὁ ἀετός, ἐκάλεσεν ὄφιν. | For concerning Philoctetes, when Homer describes in the Catalogue of Ships how the Greeks abandoned him in his suffering on Lemnos due to his wound, he does not designate the water-serpent as an "ophis"; yet the dragon sent by the eagle against the Trojans he calls precisely an ophis. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.5 | 3 | οὕτω τὸ εἰκὸς ἔχει καὶ τῇ Ἀντινόῃ τὸν ἡγεμόνα γενέσθαι δράκοντα. | Thus it is reasonable to suppose also that the guardian spirit at Antinoe was a dragon. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.6 | 1 | Μαντινεῖς δὲ μάχην μὲν τὴν ἐν Διπαιεῦσιν οὐκ ἐμαχέσαντο πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους μετὰ Ἀρκάδων τῶν ἄλλων, ἐν δὲ τῷ Πελοποννησίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων πολέμῳ συνέστησαν ἐπὶ Λακεδαιμονίους μετὰ Ἠλείων, | The Mantineans did not fight in the battle at Dipaea together with the other Arcadians against the Lacedaemonians; however, during the war between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians, they allied themselves with the Eleans against the Lacedaemonians. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.6 | 2 | καὶ παραγενομένου συμμαχικοῦ σφισιν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ἐναντία ἐμαχέσαντο· | When reinforcements arrived from Athens to support them, they fought directly against the Lacedaemonians. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.6 | 3 | μετέσχον δὲ καὶ τοῦ ἐς Σικελίαν στόλου κατὰ Ἀθηναίων φιλίαν. | They also participated in the expedition to Sicily out of friendship toward the Athenians. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.7 | 1 | χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον Λακεδαιμονίων στρατιὰ καὶ Ἀγησίπολις ὁ Παυσανίου βασιλεὺς ἐσέβαλον ἐς τὴν Μαντινικήν. | Sometime later, an army of the Lacedaemonians, along with Agesipolis, the son of Pausanias their king, invaded Mantinean territory. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.7 | 2 | ὡς δὲ ἐκράτησεν ὁ Ἀγησίπολις τῇ μάχῃ καὶ ἐς τὸ τεῖχος κατέκλεισε τοὺς Μαντινέας, εἷλεν οὐ μετὰ πολὺ τὴν πόλιν, οὐ πολιορκίᾳ κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρόν, τὸν δὲ Ὄφιν ποταμὸν ἀποστρέψας σφίσιν ἐς τὸ τεῖχος ὠμῆς ᾠκοδομημένον τῆς πλίνθου. | When Agesipolis prevailed in battle and drove the Mantineans back within their walls, he shortly thereafter took the city, not through a siege against strong fortifications, but by diverting the course of the river Ophis toward their wall, which had been built out of unbaked bricks. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.8 | 1 | ἐς μὲν δὴ μηχανημάτων ἐμβολὴν ἀσφάλειαν ἡ πλίνθος παρέχεται μᾶλλον ἢ ὁπόσα λίθου πεποιημένα ἐστίν· οἱ μὲν γὰρ κατάγνυνταί τε καὶ ἐκπηδῶσιν ἐκ τῶν ἁρμονιῶν, ἡ δὲ πλίνθος ἐκ μηχανημάτων μὲν οὐχ ὁμοίως πονεῖ, διαλύεται δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ ὕδατος οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου κηρός. | Brickwork offers more security against siege-engines than structures made from stone; for stone blocks break apart and leap from their joints, while bricks do not suffer similarly from siege-engines. Yet brick dissolves in water no less easily than wax does in the sun. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.9 | 1 | τοῦτο οὐκ Ἀγησίπολις τὸ στρατήγημα ἐς τὸ τεῖχος τῶν Μαντινέων ἐστὶν ὁ συνείς, ἀλλὰ πρότερον ἔτι Κίμωνι ἐξευρέθη τῷ Μιλτιάδου Βόγην πολιορκοῦντι ἄνδρα Μῆδον καὶ ὅσοι Περσῶν Ἠιόνα τὴν ἐπὶ Στρυμόνι εἶχον· | This stratagem for capturing the wall of Mantineia was not devised by Agesipolis; rather, it had earlier been discovered by Cimon, son of Miltiades, when he besieged Boges, a Mede, and the Persian forces occupying Eion on the Strymon. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.9 | 2 | Ἀγησίπολις δὲ καθεστηκὸς καὶ ᾀδόμενον ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων ἐμιμήσατο. | Agesipolis merely imitated a tactic already established and celebrated among the Greeks. | ? | ? |
| 8.8.9 | 3 | ὡς δὲ εἷλε τὴν Μαντίνειαν, ὀλίγον μέν τι κατέλιπεν οἰκεῖσθαι, τὸ πλεῖστον δὲ ἐς ἔδαφος καταβαλὼν αὐτῆς κατὰ κώμας τοὺς ἀνθρώπους διῴκισε. | After he had taken Mantineia, he allowed only a small portion of the city to remain inhabited; the greater part he razed entirely to the ground and dispersed the inhabitants, settling them in separate villages. | ? | ? |