Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.31.1 | 1 | καὶ Ἀρσινόης ἐστὶν ἐν Ἑλικῶνι εἰκών, ἣν Πτολεμαῖος ἔγημεν ἀδελφὸς ὤν. | On Helicon there is also a statue of Arsinoe, whom her brother Ptolemy married. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.1 | 2 | τὴν δὲ Ἀρσινόην στρουθὸς φέρει χαλκῆ τῶν ἀπτήνων· πτερὰ μέν γε καὶ αὗται κατὰ ταὐτὰ ταῖς ἄλλαις φύουσιν, ὑπὸ δὲ βάρους καὶ διὰ μέγεθος οὐχ οἷά τέ ἐστιν ἀνέχειν σφᾶς ἐς τὸν ἀέρα τὰ πτερά. | Arsinoe is carried by an ostrich, a bronze figure of a winged bird; although these birds also produce feathers similar to other birds, owing to their weight and size, they are unable to lift themselves into the air by means of their feathers. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.2 | 1 | ἐνταῦθα καὶ Τηλέφῳ τῷ Ἡρακλέους γάλα ἐστὶν ἔλαφος παιδὶ μικρῷ διδοῦσα καὶ βοῦς τε παρʼ αὐτὸν καὶ ἄγαλμα Πριάπου θέας ἄξιον. | Here also is represented Telephus, the son of Heracles, with a deer giving milk to the infant child; near at hand are an ox and an image of Priapus, worthy of note. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.2 | 2 | τούτῳ τιμαὶ τῷ θεῷ δέδονται μὲν καὶ ἄλλως, ἔνθα εἰσὶν αἰγῶν νομαὶ καὶ προβάτων ἢ καὶ ἑσμοὶ μελισσῶν· | This god receives honor elsewhere also, wherever there are pastures of goats or sheep, or even swarms of bees. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.2 | 3 | Λαμψακηνοὶ δὲ ἐς πλέον ἢ θεοὺς τοὺς ἄλλους νομίζουσι, Διονύσου τε αὐτὸν παῖδα εἶναι καὶ Ἀφροδίτης λέγοντες. | But the people of Lampsacus honor him above other gods, saying that he is the son of Dionysus and Aphrodite. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.3 | 1 | ἐν δὲ τῷ Ἑλικῶνι καὶ ἄλλοι τρίποδες κεῖνται καὶ ἀρχαιότατος, ὃν ἐν Χαλκίδι λαβεῖν τῇ ἐπʼ Εὐρίπῳ λέγουσιν Ἡσίοδον νικήσαντα ᾠδῇ. | On Helicon there are other tripods, including a very ancient one, which they say Hesiod once received at Chalcis upon the Euripus, having won victory in a poetic contest. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.3 | 2 | περιοικοῦσι δὲ καὶ ἄνδρες τὸ ἄλσος, καὶ ἑορτήν τε ἐνταῦθα οἱ Θεσπιεῖς καὶ ἀγῶνα ἄγουσι Μουσεῖα· | Men dwell around the grove, and there the Thespians hold a festival and perform the contest called the Museia. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.3 | 3 | ἄγουσι δὲ καὶ τῷ Ἔρωτι, ἆθλα οὐ μουσικῆς μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀθληταῖς τιθέντες. | They also hold a competition in honor of Eros, offering prizes not merely for music but also for athletic events. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.3 | 4 | ἐπαναβάντι δὲ στάδια ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄλσους τούτου ὡς εἴκοσιν ἔστιν ἡ τοῦ Ἵππου καλουμένη κρήνη· ταύτην τὸν Βελλεροφόντου ποιῆσαί φασιν ἵππον ἐπιψαύσαντα ὁπλῇ τῆς γῆς. | At a distance of about twenty stades above this grove is the spring called Hippocrene ("Horse's Fountain"); they say that this was produced by the horse of Bellerophon, which created it by striking its hoof against the ground. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.4 | 1 | Βοιωτῶν δὲ οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἑλικῶνα οἰκοῦντες παρειλημμένα δόξῃ λέγουσιν ὡς ἄλλο Ἡσίοδος ποιήσειεν οὐδὲν ἢ τὰ Ἔργα· καὶ τούτων δὲ τὸ ἐς τὰς Μούσας ἀφαιροῦσι προοίμιον, ἀρχὴν τῆς ποιήσεως εἶναι τὸ ἐς τὰς Ἔριδας λέγοντες· | But the Boeotians dwelling around Helicon, following a widely held opinion among them, say that Hesiod composed no work other than the Works; moreover, from this poem itself they remove the proem addressed to the Muses, asserting that its true beginning is the part concerning the Strifes. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.4 | 2 | καί μοι μόλυβδον ἐδείκνυσαν, ἔνθα ἡ πηγή, τὰ πολλὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου λελυμασμένον· | They also showed me a lead tablet at the spring, seriously damaged by age. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.5 | 1 | ἐγγέγραπται δὲ αὐτῷ τὰ Ἔργα. | Inscribed upon it are the Works of Hesiod. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.5 | 2 | ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἑτέρα κεχωρισμένη τῆς προτέρας, ὡς πολύν τινα ἐπῶν ὁ Ἡσίοδος ἀριθμὸν ποιήσειεν, ἐς γυναῖκάς τε ᾀδόμενα καὶ ἃς μεγάλας ἐπονομάζουσιν Ἠοίας, καὶ Θεογονίαν τε καὶ ἐς τὸν μάντιν Μελάμποδα, καὶ ὡς Θησεὺς ἐς τὸν Ἅιδην ὁμοῦ Πειρίθῳ καταβαίη παραινέσεις τε Χίρωνος ἐπὶ διδασκαλίᾳ δὴ τῇ Ἀχιλλέως, καὶ ὅσα ἐπὶ Ἔργοις τε καὶ Ἡμέραις. | And there is another tradition separate from the first, that Hesiod composed a considerable number of verses, including those sung about women, called the Great Eoiae, and the Theogony, verses about the seer Melampus, concerning Theseus' descent into Hades alongside Peirithoüs, and the instructions of Chiron for the education of Achilles, as well as everything contained within the Works and Days. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.5 | 3 | οἱ δὲ αὐτοὶ οὗτοι λέγουσι καὶ ὡς μαντικὴν Ἡσίοδος διδαχθείη παρὰ Ἀκαρνάνων· | The very same authorities also relate that Hesiod learned divination from the Acarnanians; | ? | ? |
| 9.31.5 | 4 | καὶ ἔστιν ἔπη Μαντικά, ὁπόσα τε ἐπελεξάμεθα καὶ ἡμεῖς, καὶ ἐξηγήσεις ἐπὶ τέρασιν. | indeed, there exist prophetic verses attributed to him—many of which I myself have collected—along with explanations of prodigies. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.6 | 1 | ἐναντία δὲ καὶ ἐς τοῦ Ἡσιόδου τὴν τελευτήν ἐστιν εἰρημένα. | There are conflicting accounts also concerning Hesiod's death. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.6 | 2 | ὅτι μὲν γὰρ οἱ παῖδες τοῦ Γανύκτορος Κτίμενος καὶ Ἄντιφος ἔφυγον ἐς Μολυκρίαν ἐκ Ναυπάκτου διὰ τοῦ Ἡσιόδου τὸν φόνον καὶ αὐτόθι ἀσεβήσασιν ἐς Ποσειδῶνα ἐγένετο τῇ Μολυκρίδι σφίσιν ἡ δίκη, | All agree in stating that Ctimeneus and Antiphus—the sons of Ganyctor—fled from Naupactus to Molycria because of the murder of Hesiod, and there, having committed sacrilege against Poseidon, met their punishment at Molycria. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.6 | 3 | τάδε μὲν καὶ οἱ πάντες κατὰ ταὐτὰ εἰρήκασι· | Regarding this, everyone has given the same version. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.6 | 4 | τὴν δὲ ἀδελφὴν τῶν νεανίσκων οἱ μὲν ἄλλου τού φασιν αἰσχύναντος Ἡσίοδον λαβεῖν οὐκ ἀληθῆ τὴν τοῦ ἀδικήματος δόξαν, οἱ δὲ ἐκείνου γενέσθαι τὸ ἔργον. | However, concerning the young men's sister, some say that Hesiod was unjustly accused due to another man's assault upon her, while others assert that the deed was indeed committed by Hesiod himself. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.6 | 5 | τὰ μὲν δὴ ἐς Ἡσίοδον καὶ αὐτὸν καὶ ἐς τὰ ἔπη διάφορα ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο εἴρηται· | Such then are the manifold and contradictory accounts regarding Hesiod himself as well as his poetry. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.7 | 1 | ἐπὶ δὲ ἄκρᾳ τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ Ἑλικῶνος ποταμὸς οὐ μέγας ἐστὶν ὁ Λάμος. | On the very peak of Mount Helicon, the river Lamos flows, which is not large. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.7 | 2 | Θεσπιέων δὲ ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡ Δονακών ἐστιν ὀνομαζόμενος· | In the territory of Thespiae is a place called Donakon. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.7 | 3 | ἐνταῦθά ἐστι Ναρκίσσου πηγή, | Here is located the spring of Narcissus. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.7 | 4 | καὶ τὸν Νάρκισσον ἰδεῖν ἐς τοῦτο τὸ ὕδωρ φασίν, οὐ συνέντα δὲ ὅτι ἑώρα σκιὰν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ λαθεῖν τε αὐτὸν ἐρασθέντα αὑτοῦ καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἔρωτος ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ οἱ συμβῆναι τὴν τελευτήν. | It is said that Narcissus gazed into this water, and not understanding that he saw merely his own reflection, he unwittingly fell in love with himself, and due to this passion he met his end at the spring. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.7 | 5 | τοῦτο μὲν δὴ παντάπασιν εὔηθες, ἡλικίας ἤδη τινὰ ἐς τοσοῦτο ἥκοντα ὡς ὑπὸ ἔρωτος ἁλίσκεσθαι μηδὲ ὁποῖόν τι ἄνθρωπος καὶ ὁποῖόν τι ἀνθρώπου σκιὰ διαγνῶναι· | This entire account seems altogether foolish, that one should reach such an age at which love could affect a person, yet still be unable to distinguish between a human being and a mere human shadow. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.8 | 1 | ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἕτερος ἐς αὐτὸν λόγος, ἧσσον μὲν τοῦ προτέρου γνώριμος, λεγόμενος δὲ καὶ οὗτος, ἀδελφὴν γενέσθαι Ναρκίσσῳ δίδυμον, τά τε ἄλλα ἐς ἅπαν ὅμοιον τὸ εἶδος καὶ ἀμφοτέροις ὡσαύτως κόμην εἶναι καὶ ἐσθῆτα ἐοικυῖαν αὐτοὺς ἐνδύεσθαι | There is also a different story about him, less widely known than the previous one but still told, that Narcissus had a twin sister who resembled him exactly in appearance and who wore her hair and clothing in the same way as he did. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.8 | 2 | καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐπὶ θήραν ἰέναι μετὰ ἀλλήλων· | Indeed, they used to hunt together. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.8 | 3 | Νάρκισσον δὲ ἐρασθῆναι τῆς ἀδελφῆς, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανεν ἡ παῖς, φοιτῶντα ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν συνιέναι μὲν ὅτι τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σκιὰν ἑώρα, | Narcissus came to love his sister, and when the girl died, he would visit the spring, aware that he was seeing his own reflection. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.8 | 4 | εἶναι δέ οἱ καὶ συνιέντι ῥᾳστώνην τοῦ ἔρωτος ἅτε οὐχ ἑαυτοῦ σκιὰν δοξάζοντι ἀλλὰ εἰκόνα ὁρᾶν τῆς ἀδελφῆς. | Yet despite this knowledge, he found relief for his passion by imagining that what he saw was not his own reflection but the image of his sister. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.9 | 1 | νάρκισσον δὲ ἄνθος ἡ γῆ καὶ πρότερον ἔφυεν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν, εἰ τοῖς Πάμφω τεκμαίρεσθαι χρή τι ἡμᾶς ἔπεσι· | I believe that the narcissus flower grew from the earth even earlier; if we should draw conclusions from the verses of Pamphos. | ? | ? |
| 9.31.9 | 2 | γεγονὼς γὰρ πολλοῖς πρότερον ἔτεσιν ἢ Νάρκισσος ὁ Θεσπιεὺς Κόρην τὴν Δήμητρός φησιν ἁρπασθῆναι παίζουσαν καὶ ἄνθη συλλέγουσαν, ἁρπασθῆναι δὲ οὐκ ἴοις ἀπατηθεῖσαν ἀλλὰ ναρκίσσοις. | For he lived many years before Narcissus of Thespiae, and he says that the Daughter of Demeter, while she was playing and gathering flowers, was carried away—not deceived by violets, but by narcissi. | ? | ? |