Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.32.1 | 1 | τοῖς δὲ ἐν Κρεύσιδι, ἐπινείῳ τῷ Θεσπιέων, οἰκοῦσιν ἐν κοινῷ μέν ἐστιν οὐδέν, ἐν ἰδιώτου δὲ ἀνδρὸς ἄγαλμα ἦν Διονύσου γύψου πεποιημένον καὶ ἐπικεκοσμημένον γραφῇ. | For those who dwell in Kreusis, the harbor of the Thespians, there is nothing held in common; however, in the home of a private individual there was a statue of Dionysus made of plaster and decorated with paintings. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.1 | 2 | πλοῦς δὲ ἐς Κρεῦσίν ἐστιν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου σκολιός τε καὶ ἄλλως οὐκ εὔδιος· ἄκραι τε γὰρ ἀνέχουσιν ὡς μὴ κατʼ εὐθὺ τῆς θαλάσσης περαιοῦσθαι καὶ ἅμα ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν καταπνέουσιν ἄνεμοι βίαιοι. | Sailing to Kreusis from the Peloponnesus is both indirect and generally troubled by bad weather; for headlands project into the sea, preventing a straight crossing, and at the same time fierce winds blow down from the mountains. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.10 | 1 | Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ χρήματα οὐ νομιζόντων κτᾶσθαι κατὰ δή τι μάντευμα, ὡς ἡ φιλοχρηματία μόνη γένοιτο ἂν ἀπώλεια τῇ Σπάρτῃ, ὁ δὲ καὶ χρημάτων πόθον σφίσιν ἐνεποίησεν ἰσχυρόν. | Since the Lacedaemonians were not accustomed to acquiring money, adhering indeed to a certain oracle that greed for wealth alone would cause the ruin of Sparta, he nevertheless implanted in them a great desire for money. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.10 | 2 | ἐγὼ μὲν δὴ Πέρσαις τε ἑπόμενος καὶ δικάζων νόμῳ γε τῷ ἐκείνων βλάβος κρίνω Λακεδαιμονίοις μᾶλλον ἢ ὠφέλειαν γενέσθαι Λύσανδρον· | For my part, following the Persians in this matter and judging by their principle, I conclude that Lysander brought to the Lacedaemonians rather harm than benefit. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.2 | 1 | πλέοντι δὲ ἐκ Κρεύσιδος οὐκ ἄνω, παρὰ δὲ αὐτὴν Βοιωτίαν, πόλις ἐστὶν ἐν δεξιᾷ Θίσβη. | Sailing from Kreusis, not upward but alongside Boeotia itself, you have the town of Thisbe on the right. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.2 | 2 | πρῶτα μὲν ὄρος ἐστὶ πρὸς θαλάσσῃ, τοῦτο δὲ ὑπερβαλόντα πεδίον σε ἐκδέξεται καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο ἄλλο ὄρος· | First there is a mountain by the sea, and having crossed this, a plain receives you, followed afterward by another mountain. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.2 | 3 | ἐν δὲ ταῖς ὑπωρείαις ἐστὶν ἡ πόλις. | The city lies at the foot of this mountain's slope. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.2 | 4 | Ἡρακλέους δὲ ἱερὸν καὶ ἄγαλμα ὀρθὸν ἐνταῦθά ἐστι λίθου, καὶ Ἡράκλεια ἑορτὴν ἄγουσι. | Here there is a sanctuary of Heracles and an upright stone image, and they celebrate a festival, the Herakleia, in his honor. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.3 | 1 | τὸ δὲ πεδίον τὸ μεταξὺ τῶν ὀρῶν ἐκώλυεν οὐδὲν ἂν λίμνην ὑπὸ πλήθους εἶναι τοῦ ὕδατος, εἰ μὴ διὰ μέσου χῶμά σφισιν ἐπεποίητο ἰσχυρόν· | The plain lying between the mountains would undoubtedly become a lake due to the abundance of water, were it not that a strong embankment has been built through its midst. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.3 | 2 | καὶ οὕτω παρὰ ἔτος ἐς μὲν τὰ ἐπέκεινα τοῦ χώματος ἐκτρέπουσι τὸ ὕδωρ, τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τὰ ἕτερα αὐτοῦ γεωργοῦσι. | Thus, each year, they divert the water beyond the embankment to one side, while they cultivate the land on the other side. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.3 | 3 | Θίσβην δὲ λέγουσιν ἐπιχώριον εἶναι νύμφην, ἀφʼ ἧς ἡ πόλις τὸ ὄνομα ἔσχηκεν. | They say that Thisbe was a local nymph, from whom the city took its name. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.4 | 1 | παραπλέοντι δὲ αὐτόθεν πόλισμά ἐστιν οὐ μέγα ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ Τίφα· | Sailing from there, there is a small town on the coast called Tipha. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.4 | 2 | Ἡρακλεῖόν τε Τιφαιεῦσίν ἐστι καὶ ἑορτὴν ἄγουσιν ἐπέτειον. | The inhabitants have a sanctuary of Heracles and celebrate an annual festival in his honor. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.4 | 3 | οὗτοι Βοιωτῶν μάλιστα ἐκ παλαιοῦ τὰ θαλάσσια ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι σοφοί, Τῖφυν ἄνδρα μνημονεύοντες ἐπιχώριον ὡς προκριθείη γενέσθαι τῆς Ἀργοῦς κυβερνήτης· | Among the Boeotians, these people have, from ancient times, been especially eager to claim expertise in maritime matters, recalling Tiphys, a local man remembered as having been chosen to serve as the helmsman of the Argo. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.4 | 4 | ἀποφαίνουσι δὲ καὶ πρὸ τῆς πόλεως ἔνθα ἐκ Κόλχων ὀπίσω κομιζομένην ὁρμίσασθαι τὴν Ἀργὼ λέγουσιν. | They also point out a spot in front of their town where they say the Argo anchored upon its return journey from Colchis. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.5 | 1 | ἀπὸ δὲ Θεσπίας ἰόντι ἄνω πρὸς ἤπειρον ἔστιν Ἁλίαρτος. | From Thespiae, as you move inland toward the interior, lies Haliartus. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.5 | 2 | ὅστις δὲ Ἁλιάρτου γέγονε καὶ Κορωνείας οἰκιστής, οὔ με ἀπὸ τῶν ἐς Ὀρχομενίους ἐχόντων εἰκὸς ἦν χωρίζειν· | Concerning whoever founded Haliartus and Coroneia, I ought not to have separated their history from that of Orchomenus. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.5 | 3 | κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἐπιστρατείαν τοῦ Μήδου φρονήσασιν Ἁλιαρτίοις τὰ Ἑλλήνων μοῖρα τῆς Ξέρξου στρατιᾶς γῆν τέ σφισιν ὁμοῦ καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐπεξῆλθε καίουσα. | When the Persian invasion occurred, because the Haliartians had sided with the Greek cause, a portion of Xerxes’ army advanced against their land and city and destroyed them by fire. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.5 | 4 | ἐν Ἁλιάρτῳ δέ ἐστι Λυσάνδρου τοῦ Λακεδαιμονίου μνῆμα· | At Haliartus there is the tomb of Lysander the Spartan. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.5 | 5 | προσβαλὼν γὰρ τῷ Ἁλιάρτῳ πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος στρατιᾶς ἔκ τε Θηβῶν ἐνούσης ἔνδον καὶ ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν καὶ ἐπεξελθόντων τῶν πολεμίων ἔπεσεν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ. | When Lysander had led an attack upon Haliartus, at whose wall was stationed a force from Thebes, and Athenians as well, the enemy made a sortie, and Lysander fell in the battle. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.6 | 1 | Λύσανδρον δὲ τὰ μὲν ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ἐπαινέσαι, τὰ δὲ καὶ πικρῶς ἔστι μέμψασθαι. | Regarding Lysander, there are aspects thoroughly deserving praise, but also others worthy of sharp criticism. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.6 | 2 | σοφίαν μέν γε τοιαύτην ἐπεδείξατο· ἡγούμενος Πελοποννησίων ταῖς τριήρεσιν Ἀντίοχον κυβερνήτην ὄντα Ἀλκιβιάδου, φυλάξας Ἀλκιβιάδην ἀπόντα τοῦ ναυτικοῦ, | He demonstrated the following sort of cleverness: while commander of the Peloponnesian fleet, he kept watch until Alcibiades was absent from the naval forces, leaving in command his steersman Antiochus. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.6 | 3 | τηνικαῦτα τὸν Ἀντίοχον ἐπηγάγετο ἐς ἐλπίδα ὡς ὄντα ἀξιόμαχον ναυμαχῆσαι Λακεδαιμονίοις, καὶ ἀναγαγόμενον ὑπὸ θράσους τε καὶ ἀλαζονίας ἐνίκησεν αὐτὸν οὐ πόρρω τοῦ Κολοφωνίων ἄστεως. | At that moment, he led Antiochus into believing that he was competent enough to fight at sea against the Lacedaemonians, and when Antiochus set sail, driven by rashness and arrogance, Lysander defeated him near the city of the Colophonians. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.7 | 1 | ὡς δὲ καὶ δεύτερα ὁ Λύσανδρος ἐπὶ τὰς τριήρεις ἀφίκετο ἐκ Σπάρτης, ἡμερώσατο μὲν οὕτω Κῦρον ὡς χρήματα, ὁπότε ἐς τὸ ναυτικὸν αἰτοίη, παρεῖναί οἱ κατὰ καιρόν τε καὶ ἄφθονα· | And when Lysander returned a second time from Sparta to assume command of the fleet, he so won the favor of Cyrus that, whenever he requested funds for the navy, they were generously provided to him without delay and in abundance. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.7 | 2 | ὁρμούντων δὲ ναυσὶν ἑκατὸν ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς Ἀθηναίων, εἷλεν αὐτῶν τὰ πλοῖα, ἐσκεδασμένους ἐπί τε ὕδωρ τοὺς ναύτας καὶ ἐπὶ ἀγορὰν φυλάξας. | Now while the Athenians were mooring their fleet of one hundred ships at Aegospotami, Lysander captured their vessels, having closely watched until the sailors had dispersed ashore to gather water and provisions. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.7 | 3 | παρέσχετο δὲ καὶ ἔργον τοιόνδε ἐς δικαιοσύνην. | Furthermore, he showed the following action regarding justice. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.8 | 1 | Αὐτολύκῳ τῷ παγκρατιάσαντι, οὗ δὴ καὶ εἰκόνα ἰδὼν οἶδα ἐν πρυτανείῳ τῷ Ἀθηναίων, τούτῳ τῷ ἀνδρὶ ἐς ἀμφισβήτησιν ὅτου δὴ κτήματος Ἐτεόνικος ἦλθεν ὁ Σπαρτιάτης· | Autolykos, who prevailed in the pankration—whose statue I myself have seen in the Prytaneion of the Athenians—was disputed by the Spartan Eteonikos over a certain piece of property. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.8 | 2 | ὡς δὲ ἄρα λέγων ἡλίσκετο οὐ δίκαια---ἦν γὰρ δὴ τηνικαῦτα Ἀθηναίοις τῶν τριάκοντα ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ παρῆν ἔτι ὁ Λύσανδρος---τούτων ἕνεκα Ἐτεόνικος πληγῶν τε ἄρχειν ἐπήρθη | When Eteonikos, in the course of pleading his cause, was evidently losing because he argued unjustly—for at that time in Athens the Thirty were in power, and Lysander was still present—he was moved to begin striking Autolykos. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.8 | 3 | καὶ ἀμυνάμενον τὸν Αὐτόλυκον ἦγεν ἐπὶ Λύσανδρον, παντάπασιν ἐκεῖνον ἐς χάριν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ δικάσειν ἐλπίζων· | After Autolykos defended himself, Eteonikos seized him and brought him before Lysander, fully expecting Lysander to render a judgment favorable to him. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.8 | 4 | Λύσανδρος δὲ ἀδικεῖν Ἐτεόνικον κατέγνω καὶ ἀπέπεμψεν ἀτιμάσας τῷ λόγῳ. | But Lysander ruled that Eteonikos had acted unjustly and dismissed him, disgraced by the decision. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.9 | 1 | τάδε μὲν Λυσάνδρῳ τὰ ἐς δόξαν ὑπάρχοντα ἦν, ἄλλα δὲ τοσάδε ὀνείδη. | Such were the deeds that brought glory to Lysander, but there were also deeds equally numerous which brought him reproach. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.9 | 2 | Φιλοκλέα γὰρ Ἀθηναῖον ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς καὶ αὐτὸν στρατηγοῦντα καὶ Ἀθηναίων τῶν ἄλλων ὅσον τετρακισχιλίους αἰχμαλώτους ὄντας ἀπέκτεινεν ὁ Λύσανδρος καί σφισιν οὐδὲ ἀποθανοῦσιν ἐπήνεγκε γῆν, ὃ καὶ Μήδων τοῖς ἀποβᾶσιν ἐς Μαραθῶνα ὑπῆρξε παρὰ Ἀθηναίων καὶ αὐτῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τοῖς πεσοῦσιν ἐν Θερμοπύλαις ἐκ βασιλέως Ξέρξου. | At Aegospotami Lysander put to death Philocles the Athenian general, along with approximately four thousand other Athenians whom he had taken prisoner; and not even earth for burial was given to them after death, a concession that the Athenians had granted even to the Persians who landed at Marathon, and one likewise granted by the Persian king Xerxes to the Spartans who had fallen at Thermopylae. | ? | ? |
| 9.32.9 | 3 | μείζονα δὲ ἔτι Λακεδαιμονίοις ὀνείδη γενέσθαι παρεσκεύασεν ὁ Λύσανδρος ἐπί τε δεκαδαρχίαις ἃς κατέστησε ταῖς πόλεσι καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς Λάκωσιν ἁρμοσταῖς. | Lysander caused even greater disgrace to the Lacedaemonians by establishing the rule of ten men ("decadarchies") in the cities and by stationing Spartan governors ("harmosts") to control them. | ? | ? |