Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.16.1 | 1 | mythic | high | ὡς δὲ ἀμφοτέροις προεθύσαντο οἱ μάντεις, Λακεδαιμονίοις μὲν Ἕκας ἀπόγονός τε καὶ ὁμώνυμος Ἕκα τοῦ σὺν τοῖς Ἀριστοδήμου παισὶν ἐλθόντος ἐς Σπάρτην, τοῖς δὲ Μεσσηνίοις Θέοκλος---ἐγεγόνει δὲ ὁ Θέοκλος οὗτος ἀπὸ Εὐμάντιδος, Εὔμαντιν δὲ ὄντα Ἠλεῖον τῶν Ἰαμιδῶν Κρεσφόντης ἐπηγάγετο ἐς Μεσσήνην---τότε δὲ παρόντων καὶ τῶν μάντεων σὺν φρονήματι ἀμφότεροι μᾶλλον ἠπείγοντο ἐς τὴν μάχην. | And after the seers had offered preliminary sacrifices for both sides—on behalf of the Lacedaemonians, Hecas, a descendant and namesake of that Hecas who had come to Sparta together with the sons of Aristodemus; and on behalf of the Messenians, Theoclus, who was descended from Eumantis (this Eumantis was an Elean, one of the Iamidae, whom Cresphontes had brought into Messene)—then, indeed, with the seers themselves present, both sides, encouraged in spirit, pressed on eagerly to the battle. | Genealogies of Hecas, Theoclus, and the Iamidae, plus seers before battle, belong to mythic/legendary tradition. |
| 4.16.2 | 1 | historical | high | καὶ ἦν μὲν καὶ τὰ τῶν ἄλλων πρόθυμα, ὡς ἡλικίας ἕκαστος εἶχεν ἢ ῥώμης, μάλιστα δὲ Ἀνάξανδρός τε ὁ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεὺς καὶ οἱ περὶ αὐτὸν τῶν Σπαρτιατῶν· παρὰ Μεσσηνίων δὲ οἱ Ἀνδροκλέους ἀπόγονοι Φίντας καὶ Ἀνδροκλῆς καὶ οἱ συντεταγμένοι σφίσιν ἐπειρῶντο ἄνδρες ἀγαθοὶ γίνεσθαι. | And indeed the others also strove zealously, each according to his age and strength, but especially Anaxander, the king of the Lacedaemonians, and the Spartans around him; on the side of the Messenians, Phintas and Androcles, the descendants of Androcles, and those arrayed under their command likewise endeavored to show bravery. | Mentions named kings and troops in a conflict context, which is historical rather than mythic or descriptive. |
| 4.16.2 | 2 | historical | high | Τυρταῖος δὲ καὶ οἱ τῶν θεῶν ἱεροφάνται τῶν Μεγάλων ἔργου μὲν ἥπτοντο οὐδενός, τοὺς τελευταίους δὲ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἑκάτεροι στρατιᾶς ἐπήγειρον. | Tyrtaeus and the priests of the Great Gods took no part in the actual fighting, but each group urged on those who formed the rear ranks of their respective armies. | Refers to Tyrtaeus and the priests in a historical military context, not mythic narrative. |
| 4.16.3 | 1 | historical | low | κατὰ δὲ αὐτὸν Ἀριστομένην εἶχεν οὕτω. | This was the situation around Aristomenes himself. | Refers to Aristomenes, a later historical figure, but the sentence is merely situational description. |
| 4.16.3 | 2 | historical | high | λογάδες περὶ αὐτὸν ὀγδοήκοντα ἦσαν Μεσσηνίων, ἡλικίαν τε γεγονότες ἐκείνῳ τὴν αὐτὴν καὶ ἕκαστος προτετιμῆσθαι μεγάλως νομίζων ὅτι ἠξίωτο Ἀριστομένει συντετάχθαι· ἦσαν δὲ καὶ αἰσθέσθαι διʼ ὀλίγου δεινοὶ τά τε παρʼ ἀλλήλων καὶ μάλιστα ἐκείνου καὶ ἀρχομένου τι δρᾶν καὶ ἔτι μέλλοντος. | He had chosen about eighty select Messenians around him, men who were of the same age as he, each of whom regarded it as a great honor to have been deemed worthy of serving alongside Aristomenes; and they were men notably quick to perceive one another's purposes and especially swift to grasp Aristomenes' intentions, whether he had just begun or was yet intending to act. | Refers to Aristomenes and his Messenians, a semi-historical figure and his followers rather than mythic or merely descriptive material. |
| 4.16.3 | 3 | historical | high | οὗτοι μὲν πρῶτον καὶ αὐτοὶ καὶ Ἀριστομένης πόνον εἶχον πολὺν κατʼ Ἀνάξανδρον καὶ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τεταγμένοι τοὺς ἀρίστους· λαμβάνοντες δὲ τραύματα ἀφειδῶς καὶ ἐς πᾶν προϊόντες ἀπονοίας τῷ τε χρόνῳ καὶ τοῖς τολμήμασιν ἐτρέψαντο τοὺς περὶ Ἀνάξανδρον. | At first these men, along with Aristomenes himself, had great difficulty, being matched against Anaxander and the elite of the Lacedaemonians; but disregarding wounds and carrying their reckless daring to every extreme, they finally overcame Anaxander's forces through persistence and bravery. | Describes Aristomenes and Spartan fighting in a historical-style battle narrative, not a mythic event. |
| 4.16.4 | 1 | historical | high | τούτοις μὲν δὴ φεύγουσι διώκειν ἐπέταξεν ὁ Ἀριστομένης ἕτερον τῶν Μεσσηνίων λόχον· | Aristomenes then commanded another division of the Messenians to pursue those who fled. | Refers to Aristomenes commanding the Messenians in a battle episode, a historical narrative action rather than mythic or descriptive material. |
| 4.16.4 | 2 | historical | high | αὐτὸς δὲ ὁρμήσας πρὸς τὸ μάλιστα ἀνθεστηκός, ὡς ἐβιάσατο καὶ τούτους, ἐπʼ ἄλλους ἐτράπετο αὖθις. | He himself charged against those who still resisted strongly, and having forced these back as well, he immediately turned upon others. | Describes combat actions in a historical military context, not mythic or merely descriptive. |
| 4.16.4 | 3 | historical | high | ταχὺ δὲ καὶ τούτους ὠσάμενος ἑτοιμότερον ἤδη πρὸς τοὺς ὑπομένοντας ἐπεφέρετο, ἐς ὃ πᾶσαν τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τὴν τάξιν καὶ αὐτῶν καὶ τῶν συμμάχων συνέχεε· | Quickly pushing these aside, he advanced now with even greater eagerness against those who still held their ground, until he utterly threw into confusion the whole Spartan battle-line together with their allies. | Describes a battle action involving Spartans and allies, which is historical military narrative. |
| 4.16.4 | 4 | mythic | high | καὶ οὐχὶ σὺν αἰδοῖ φευγόντων οὐδὲ ἀναμένειν θελόντων ἔτι ἀλλήλους, ἐπέκειτό σφισι φοβερώτερος ἢ κατὰ ἀνδρὸς ἑνὸς εἶναι μανίαν. | As they fled without shame, no longer willing even to wait for one another, Aristomenes pressed upon them, terrifying them beyond what might be expected from the fury of a single man. | Aristomenes is a legendary figure and the sentence narrates his superhuman martial fury in a mythic episode. |
| 4.16.5 | 1 | mythic | high | ἔνθα δὴ καὶ παρʼ ἀχράδα πεφυκυῖάν που τοῦ πεδίου, παρὰ ταύτην Ἀριστομένην οὐκ εἴα παραθεῖν ὁ μάντις Θέοκλος· καθέζεσθαι γὰρ τοὺς Διοσκούρους ἔφασκεν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀχράδι. | There indeed, beside a certain wild pear-tree growing somewhere on the plain, the seer Theoclus prevented Aristomenes from passing close by it, declaring that the Dioscuri were seated on the pear-tree. | The Dioscuri are divine mythic figures, and their presence seated on the tree is a mythic explanation of the landscape. |
| 4.16.5 | 2 | mythic | high | Ἀριστομένης δὲ εἴκων τῷ θυμῷ καὶ οὐκ ἀκροώμενος τὰ πάντα τοῦ μάντεως ὡς κατὰ τὴν ἀχράδα ἐγίνετο, ἀπόλλυσι τὴν ἀσπίδα, Λακεδαιμονίοις τε τὸ ἁμάρτημα τοῦ Ἀριστομένους παρέσχεν αὐτῶν ἀποσωθῆναί τινας ἐκ τῆς φυγῆς· διέτριψε γὰρ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἀνευρεῖν πειρώμενος. | But Aristomenes, yielding to his anger and not wholly obeying the prophet, when he reached the pear-tree, lost his shield; and this mistake of Aristomenes allowed some of the Lacedaemonians to escape safely from the pursuit, for he wasted time attempting to recover his shield. | Aristomenes is a legendary figure from Messene, and the episode is part of heroic mythic narrative rather than post-500 BC history. |
| 4.16.6 | 1 | historical | high | Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ἐχόντων ἀθύμως μετὰ τὴν πληγὴν καὶ ὡρμημένων καταθέσθαι τὸν πόλεμον, Τυρταῖός τε ἐλεγεῖα ᾄδων μετέπειθεν αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐς τοὺς λόχους ἀντὶ τῶν τεθνεώτων κατέλεγεν ἄνδρας ἐκ τῶν εἱλώτων. | As the Lacedaemonians were dispirited after this defeat and inclined to abandon the war, Tyrtaeus both inspired them by reciting his elegies and enrolled helots into the companies to replace those who had died. | Refers to Tyrtaeus, the Messenian War context, and Spartan military organization after a defeat, all post-500 BC historical material. |
| 4.16.6 | 2 | historical | high | Ἀριστομένει δέ, ὡς ἀνέστρεψεν ἐς τὴν Ἀνδανίαν, ταινίας αἱ γυναῖκες καὶ τὰ ὡραῖα ἐπιβάλλουσαι τῶν ἀνθῶν ἐπέλεγον ᾆσμα τὸ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ᾀδόμενον ἔς τε μέσον πεδίον Στενυκλήριον ἔς τʼ ὄρος ἄκρον εἵπετʼ Ἀριστομένης τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις. | Aristomenes, upon returning to Andania, was greeted by women who threw ribbons and blossoms of flowers upon him, chanting a song which is still sung even in our day: "To the Stenyclerian plain and the lofty mountain, Aristomenes pursued the Spartans." | Aristomenes is a quasi-legendary but post-archaic Messenians figure; the sentence concerns his remembered deed and a song still sung in Pausanias' day, so it is best treated as historical/heroic tradition rather than mythic landscape. |
| 4.16.6 | 3 | historical | medium | ἀνεσώσατο δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἐκείνην, ἔς τε Δελφοὺς | He also recovered that shield which he dedicated at Delphi. | Refers to recovering a dedicated shield at Delphi, an antiquarian/historical cult object rather than a mythic event. |
| 4.16.7 | 1 | mythic | high | ἀφικόμενος καὶ ὥς οἱ προσέταξεν ἡ Πυθία καταβὰς ἐς τὸ ἄδυτον ἱερὸν τοῦ Τροφωνίου τὸ ἐν Λεβαδείᾳ. | Having arrived, he descended, according to the command given him by the Pythian oracle, into the sacred sanctuary of Trophonius at Lebadeia. | The sentence describes descent into the sacred sanctuary of Trophonius at Lebadeia, a mythic-religious site tied to oracle instruction. |
| 4.16.7 | 2 | historical | high | ὕστερον δὲ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἀνέθηκεν ἐς Λεβάδειαν φέρων, ᾗ δὴ καὶ αὐτὸς εἶδον ἀνακειμένην· | Later, he dedicated his shield at Lebadeia, bringing it himself, and I have personally seen it placed there. | Describes a later dedicatory act and the author's personal sight of the shield in Lebadeia, an historical/antiquarian cult object report. |
| 4.16.7 | 3 | other | high | ἐπίθημα δέ ἐστιν αὐτῆς ἀετὸς τὰ πτερὰ ἑκατέρωθεν ἐκτετακὼς ἐς ἄκραν τὴν ἴτυν. | Upon it is fitted an eagle, stretching out its wings on either side towards the upper rim. | Purely descriptive of the object’s ornamentation; no mythic or historical event. |
| 4.16.7 | 4 | mythic | high | τότε δὲ Ἀριστομένης ὡς ἐπανῆκεν ἐκ Βοιωτίας εὑρών τε παρὰ τῷ Τροφωνίῳ καὶ κομισάμενος τὴν ἀσπίδα, αὐτίκα ἔργων μειζόνων ἥπτετο. | Then Aristomenes, when he returned from Boeotia after recovering his shield from Trophonius, immediately undertook even greater deeds. | Aristomenes’ recovery of his shield from Trophonius is a legendary/mythic episode, and the sentence continues that mythic narrative. |
| 4.16.8 | 1 | historical | medium | συλλέξας δὲ ἄλλους τε τῶν Μεσσηνίων καὶ τοὺς περὶ ἑαυτὸν ἅμα ἔχων λογάδας, φυλάξας τὰ μετὰ ἑσπέραν ἦλθεν ἐπὶ πόλιν τῆς Λακωνικῆς, τὸ μὲν ἀρχαῖον ὄνομα καὶ ἐν Ὁμήρου καταλόγῳ Φᾶριν, ὑπὸ δὲ τῶν Σπαρτιατῶν καὶ προσοίκων καλουμένην Φαράς· | Having gathered together other Messenians as well as the chosen warriors around himself, and waiting until after evening fell, he marched against a city in Laconia—originally named Pharis even in Homer's catalogue, but called Pharae by the Spartans and neighboring peoples. | Describes a Messenians' military march against a Laconian city; this is a post-mythic, historical-style event rather than mythic lore. |
| 4.16.8 | 2 | historical | medium | ἐπὶ ταύτην ἀφικόμενος τούς τε πειρωμένους ἀμύνεσθαι διέφθειρε καὶ λείαν περιβαλλόμενος ἀπήλαυνεν ἐς τὴν Μεσσήνην. | Having reached it, he slew those who sought to resist him, seized spoil, and drove it back toward Messenia. | A martial raid and return to Messenia, fitting post-500 BC historical action rather than myth. |
| 4.16.8 | 3 | historical | medium | Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ὁπλιτῶν καὶ Ἀναξάνδρου τοῦ βασιλέως ἐπιθεμένων καθʼ ὁδόν, ἐτρέψατό τε καὶ τούτους καὶ διώκειν τὸν Ἀνάξανδρον ὥρμητο· | When Spartan hoplites, accompanied by their king Anaxander, attacked him on the journey, he routed these men as well and was on the point of pursuing Anaxander. | A military encounter involving Spartan hoplites and King Anaxander is a historical event rather than mythic or merely descriptive. |
| 4.16.8 | 4 | historical | low | βληθεὶς δὲ ἀκοντίῳ τὸν γλουτὸν τὴν δίωξιν ἐπέσχεν, οὐ μέντοι τὴν λείαν γε ἣν ἤλαυνεν ἀφῃρέθη. | But he was struck by a javelin in the buttock, which halted his pursuit; nevertheless, he did not surrender the booty he was driving off. | Describes an injury during a pursuit and booty being driven off; this reads as a historical/specific narrative action rather than mythic or purely geographical material. |
| 4.16.9 | 1 | mythic | high | διαλιπὼν δὲ ὅσον ἀκεσθῆναι τὸ τραῦμα, ἐς μὲν αὐτὴν Σπάρτην ἔξοδον ποιούμενος νύκτωρ ἀπετράπετο ὑπὸ φασμάτων Ἑλένης καὶ Διοσκούρων, τὰς δʼ ἐν Καρύαις παρθένους χορευούσας τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι. | After waiting only long enough for his wound to heal, he planned a night attack against Sparta itself, but was turned away by visions of Helen and the Dioscuri. | Visions of Helen and the Dioscuri are mythic interventions affecting the action. |
| 4.16.9 | 2 | mythic | high | ἐλόχησε μεθʼ ἡμέραν καὶ συνέλαβεν ὅσαι χρήμασιν αὐτῶν καὶ ἀξιώματι πατέρων προεῖχον· | So instead he laid an ambush for the maidens at Caryae dancing in honor of Artemis. | Refers to the mythic ambush of the maidens at Caryae during Artemis worship. |
| 4.16.9 | 3 | historical | low | ἀγαγὼν δὲ ἐς κώμην τῆς Μεσσηνίας τὴν νύκτα ἀνεπαύετο, ἀνδράσι τῶν ἐκ τοῦ λόχου τὴν φρουρὰν ἐπιτρέψας τῶν παρθένων. | Attacking by daylight, he captured those among them who excelled either by wealth or by the prominence of their fathers. | Military action within a village; post-mythic narrative. |
| 4.16.10 | 1 | historical | medium | ἐνταῦθα ὑπὸ μέθης οἱ νεανίσκοι δοκεῖν ἐμοὶ καὶ ἄλλως ἀκρατῶς ἔχοντες λογισμοῦ πρὸς βίαν ἐτρέποντο τῶν παρθένων, Ἀριστομένους δὲ ἀπείργοντος οὐ νομιζόμενα Ἕλλησι δρῶντας οὐδένα ἐποιοῦντο λόγον, ὥστε ἠναγκάσθη καὶ ἀποκτεῖναι τοὺς παροινοῦντας μάλιστα ἐξ αὐτῶν. | Here, it seems to me, the young men, driven by drunkenness and otherwise losing self-restraint, resorted violently to assault the maidens; Aristomenes prevented them, protesting that they were acting in ways not customary among Greeks, but they paid no heed whatsoever to him, so that he was forced even to slay those among them who were most consumed by drink. | Narrative of Aristomenes and young men, treated as a historical/local episode rather than mythic or purely descriptive. |
| 4.16.10 | 2 | historical | medium | τὰς δὲ αἰχμαλώτους λαβὼν ἀπέλυσε χρημάτων πολλῶν, παρθένους ὥσπερ γε καὶ εἷλεν. | The captive maidens, whom he had taken, he later released for a large ransom, preserving them as virgins just as when he had captured them. | The sentence describes the release of captive maidens for ransom, an event in narrative history rather than myth or geography. |