Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.26.1 | 1 | historical | high | τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου τόν τε ἄλλον χρόνον ἐνέκειτό σφισι τὸ ἐς Λακεδαιμονίους μῖσος καὶ τὴν ἔχθραν ἐς αὐτοὺς μάλιστα ἐπεδείξαντο ἐπὶ τοῦ γενομένου Πελοποννησίοις πρὸς Ἀθηναίους πολέμου· | From this time onward their hatred against the Lacedaemonians persisted, and they demonstrated their hostility most strongly during the war which broke out between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians. | Refers to the Peloponnesian War, a historical event after 500 BC. |
| 4.26.1 | 2 | historical | high | τήν τε γὰρ Ναύπακτον ὁρμητήριον ἐπὶ τῇ Πελοποννήσῳ παρείχοντο καὶ τοὺς ἐν τῇ Σφακτηρίᾳ Σπαρτιατῶν ἀποληφθέντας Μεσσηνίων σφενδονῆται τῶν ἐκ Ναυπάκτου συνεξεῖλον. | For they offered Naupactus as a base to operate against the Peloponnese, and Messenian slingers from Naupactus assisted in cutting off the Spartans who had been trapped on the island of Sphacteria. | Refers to the Peloponnesian War and the Spartan blockade at Sphacteria, a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.26.2 | 1 | historical | high | ἐπεὶ δὲ τὸ πταῖσμα ἐγένετο τὸ Ἀθηναίων ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς, οὕτω καὶ ἐκ Ναυπάκτου τοὺς Μεσσηνίους ἐκβάλλουσιν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι ναυσὶν ἐπικρατοῦντες, οἳ ἐς Σικελίαν τε παρὰ τοὺς συγγενεῖς καὶ ἐς Ῥήγιον ἐστάλησαν, τὸ πλεῖστον δὲ αὐτῶν ἔς τε Λιβύην ἀφίκετο καὶ Λιβύης ἐς Εὐεσπερίτας· | When the disaster at Aegospotami befell the Athenians, the Spartans, having now supremacy at sea, expelled also the Messenians from Naupactus; these Messenians were sent partly to their kin in Sicily and partly to Rhegium, but most of them reached Libya, particularly Euesperitae in Libya. | Refers to the historical Spartan expulsion of the Messenians after the defeat at Aegospotami (405 BC) and their resettlement. |
| 4.26.2 | 2 | historical | high | οἱ γὰρ Εὐεσπερῖται πολέμῳ κακωθέντες ὑπὸ βαρβάρων προσοίκων πάντα τινὰ Ἕλληνα ἐπεκαλοῦντο σύνοικον. | For the people of Euesperitae, severely harassed in war by the neighboring barbarians, called upon every Greek to come and settle together with them. | Describes a community’s response to war with neighboring barbarians, a post-500 BC historical situation. |
| 4.26.2 | 3 | historical | high | ἐς τούτους τῶν Μεσσηνίων τὸ πολὺ ἀπεχώρησεν· | To these people, therefore, most of the Messenians withdrew. | Refers to the withdrawal of the Messenians to a human group in a historical context, not a mythic event. |
| 4.26.2 | 4 | historical | high | ἡγεμὼν δέ σφισιν ἦν Κόμων, ὃς καὶ περὶ τὴν Σφακτηρίαν ἐστρατήγησεν αὐτοῖς. | Their leader was Comon, who had previously commanded them at Sphacteria. | Mentions Comon and the battle of Sphacteria, a historical event of the Peloponnesian War. |
| 4.26.3 | 1 | historical | high | ἐνιαυτῷ δὲ πρότερον ἢ κατορθῶσαι Θηβαίους τὰ ἐν Λεύκτροις, προεσήμαινεν ὁ δαίμων Μεσσηνίοις τὴν ἐς Πελοπόννησον κάθοδον. | A year before the success of the Thebans at Leuctra, the deity had already indicated to the Messenians their return to the Peloponnese. | Refers to a dated historical event, the Theban victory at Leuctra and the Messenians' return to the Peloponnese. |
| 4.26.3 | 2 | mythic | high | τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ ἐν Μεσσήνῃ τῇ πρὸς τῷ πορθμῷ τὸν ἱερέα τοῦ Ἡρακλέους λέγουσιν ὀνείρατος ἰδεῖν ὄψιν---τὸν Ἡρακλέα ἔδοξε κληθῆναι τὸν Μάντικλον ἐπὶ ξενίᾳ ἐς Ἰθώμην ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός---, τοῦτο δὲ ἐν Εὐεσπερίταις Κόμων συγγενέσθαι νεκρᾷ τῇ μητρὶ ἐδόκει, συγγενομένου δὲ αὖθίς οἱ τὴν μητέρα ἀναβιῶναι. | At Messene near the strait, the priest of Heracles, they say, beheld a vision in a dream: it seemed to Mantiklos (for this was the priest's name) that Heracles had been summoned as a guest to Ithome by Zeus. | Dream vision involving Heracles and Zeus is a mythic episode. |
| 4.26.3 | 3 | historical | low | καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐπήλπιζεν Ἀθηναίων δυνηθέντων ναυτικῷ κάθοδον ἔσεσθαί σφισιν ἐς Ναύπακτον· | At Euesperitae, again, Comon dreamed that he lay with his dead mother, and while he slept beside her she returned to life again. | Mentions the Athenians and a naval descent to Naupactus, which sounds like a historical military expectation rather than mythic material. |
| 4.26.3 | 4 | historical | high | τὸ δὲ ἄρα ἐδήλου τὸ ὄνειρον ἀνασώσεσθαι Μεσσήνην. | Comon expected that, once the Athenians acquired naval supremacy, the Messenians would return to Naupactus, but the dream in fact foreshadowed the revival of Messene itself. | The sentence interprets a dream as foretelling the revival of Messene, a historical civic restoration rather than a mythic event. |
| 4.26.4 | 1 | historical | high | ἐγένετό τε οὐ μετὰ πολὺ ἐν Λεύκτροις Λακεδαιμονίων τὸ ἀτύχημα ὀφειλόμενον ἐκ παλαιοῦ· | Not long afterward occurred the disaster of the Lacedaemonians at Leuctra, an event long overdue. | Refers to the battle of Leuctra, a post-500 BC historical event affecting Sparta. |
| 4.26.4 | 2 | mythic | high | Ἀριστοδήμῳ γὰρ τῷ βασιλεύσαντι Μεσσηνίων ἐπὶ τελευτῇ τοῦ χρησμοῦ τοῦ δοθέντος ἐστὶν ἕρδʼ ὅππῃ τὸ χρεών· ἄτη δʼ ἄλλοισι πρὸ ἄλλων· | For its origin goes back to Aristodemus, who had reigned over the Messenians, and at his death an oracle had foretold: "Act as fate ordains; ruin comes upon various men at various times." | Refers to Aristodemus, a legendary Messenians' king, and an oracle at his death; this is mythic origin material. |
| 4.26.4 | 3 | mythic | high | ὡς ἐν μὲν τῷ παρόντι ἐκεῖνον δέον καὶ Μεσσηνίους κακῶς πρᾶξαι, χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον καὶ Λακεδαίμονα ἐπιληψομένης τῆς ἄτης. | At that time, accordingly, destruction was fated for Aristodemus himself and for the Messenians, but at a later period it was to overtake even Lacedaemon. | Refers to Aristodemus and the doom of the Messenians as part of legendary/mythic narrative. |
| 4.26.5 | 1 | historical | high | τότε δὲ ἐν Λεύκτροις οἱ Θηβαῖοι νενικηκότες ἀγγέλους ἐς Ἰταλίαν τε καὶ Σικελίαν καὶ παρὰ τοὺς Εὐεσπερίτας ἀπέστελλον, ἔκ τε τῆς ἄλλης, εἴ πού τις Μεσσηνίων εἴη, πανταχόθεν ἀνεκάλουν ἐς Πελοπόννησον. | Then at this time, after the Thebans had been victorious at Leuctra, they sent messengers to Italy and Sicily, and also to the Euesperitae in Libya. | Refers to the aftermath of the Theban victory at Leuctra, a historical event in the 4th century BC. |
| 4.26.5 | 2 | historical | high | οἱ δὲ θᾶσσον ἢ ὡς ἄν τις ἤλπισε συνελέχθησαν γῆς τε τῆς πατρίδος πόθῳ καὶ διὰ τὸ ἐς Λακεδαιμονίους μῖσος παραμεῖναν ἀεί σφισιν. | They summoned the Messenians from everywhere—if any were anywhere—to return to the Peloponnese. | Refers to the summoning and return of the Messenians, a post-mythic historical movement of people. |
| 4.26.6 | 1 | historical | high | Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ δὲ οὔτε ἄλλως ἐφαίνετο ῥᾴδια ἀξιόμαχον πόλιν ἐποικίσαι Λακεδαιμονίοις οὔτε ὅπου χρὴ κτίσαι τῆς χώρας ἐξευρίσκει· | But Epaminondas saw clearly that it was not otherwise easy to found a city capable of resisting the Lacedaemonians; nor could he find an appropriate place in the region for settlement. | Refers to Epaminondas and the founding of a city in a historical context after 500 BC. |
| 4.26.6 | 2 | historical | medium | τὴν γὰρ Ἀνδανίαν οἱ Μεσσήνιοι καὶ Οἰχαλίαν οὐκ ἔφασαν ἀνοικιεῖν, ὅτι αἱ συμφοραί σφισιν ἐγεγόνεσαν ἐνταῦθα οἰκοῦσιν. | The Messenians declared they would not re-inhabit Andania and Oechalia, because their past misfortunes had occurred while they lived there. | Refers to the Messenians' later refusal to resettle a place because of past misfortunes there, a historical/antiquarian local memory rather than mythic narrative. |
| 4.26.6 | 3 | mythic | medium | ἀποροῦντι οὖν αὐτῷ πρεσβύτην ἄνδρα, ἱεροφάντῃ μάλιστα εἰκασμένον, νύκτωρ φασὶν ἐπιστάντα εἰπεῖν· | Then, as he was at a loss, they say that a figure of an aged man, resembling a priestly interpreter of sacred rites, stood by him at night and said: | A nocturnal apparition of an aged sacred figure belongs to mythic narrative. |
| 4.26.6 | 4 | mythic | medium | "σοὶ μὲν δῶρά ἐστι παρʼ ἐμοῦ κρατεῖν ὅτῳ ἂν μεθʼ ὅπλων ἐπέρχῃ· | "It is granted to you by me that you shall prevail over whomever you attack in warfare. | A divine grant of victory in warfare belongs to mythic/religious speech rather than historical narration. |
| 4.26.6 | 5 | mythic | medium | καὶ ἢν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γένῃ, ἔγωγε ὦ Θηβαῖε ποιήσω μή ποτε ἀνώνυμον μηδὲ ἄδοξόν σε γενέσθαι. | And even should you depart from this life as mortal men do, I will ensure, O Theban, that your name shall never be without fame or honour. | Refers to a mortal's death in a mythic/heroic context and the promise of lasting fame. |
| 4.26.6 | 6 | mythic | high | σὺ δὲ Μεσσηνίοις γῆν τε πατρίδα καὶ πόλεις ἀπόδος, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τὸ μήνιμα ἤδη σφίσι πέπαυται τὸ Διοσκούρων" . | As for you, restore to the Messenians their native land and cities, since the wrath of the Dioscuri toward them has now ceased." | Refers to the wrath of the Dioscuri and its cessation, a mythic divine event affecting the restoration of land and cities. |
| 4.26.7 | 1 | mythic | high | Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ μὲν ταῦτα ἔλεγεν, Ἐπιτέλει δὲ τῷ Αἰσχίνου τάδε ἐμήνυε---στρατηγεῖν δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ Ἀργεῖοι τὸν Ἐπιτέλην καὶ Μεσσήνην ἀνοικίζειν ᾕρηντο--- | These words he spoke to Epaminondas; but to Epiteles, the son of Aeschines—whom the Argives had chosen as their general to resettle Messene—the dream gave the following message. | The sentence concerns a dream oracle directing the Argives’ resettlement of Messene, tied to mythic/religious revelation rather than later historical narration. |
| 4.26.7 | 2 | mythic | high | τοῦτον οὖν τὸν ἄνδρα ἐκέλευεν ὁ ὄνειρος, ἔνθα ἂν τῆς Ἰθώμης εὕρῃ πεφυκυῖαν σμίλακα καὶ μυρσίνην, τὸ μέσον ὀρύξαντα αὐτῶν ἀνασῶσαι τὴν γραῦν· | It bid this man, wherever on Ithome he found a growing ivy and myrtle, to dig between them and rescue the old woman. | A dream-directed rescue of an old woman on Ithome is part of a mythic/legendary narrative and its landscape markers. |
| 4.26.7 | 3 | mythic | high | κάμνειν γὰρ ἐν τῷ χαλκῷ καθειργμένην θαλάμῳ καὶ ἤδη λιποψυχεῖν αὐτήν. | She lay exhausted and close to fainting, imprisoned in a bronze chamber. | Describes a mythic figure imprisoned in a bronze chamber, an episode from myth rather than history. |
| 4.26.7 | 4 | historical | high | ὁ δὲ Ἐπιτέλης, ὡς ἐπελάμβανεν ἡμέρα, παραγενόμενος ἐς τὸ εἰρημένον χωρίον ἐπέτυχεν ὀρύσσων ὑδρίᾳ χαλκῇ, καὶ αὐτίκα παρὰ τὸν Ἐπαμινώνδαν | Therefore Epiteles, as soon as day dawned, went to the appointed place and began digging; he quickly chanced upon a bronze water-urn, and then immediately went to Epaminondas. | Epaminondas is a historical figure and the sentence describes a concrete action in a historical episode. |
| 4.26.8 | 1 | mythic | medium | κομίσας τό τε ἐνύπνιον ἐξηγεῖτο καὶ αὐτὸν ἐκεῖνον τὸ πῶμα ἀφελόντα ἐκέλευεν ὅ τι ἐνείη σκοπεῖσθαι. | He recounted the dream he had received, and instructed the other man, after removing that very lid, to examine what was inside. | Refers to a dream and actions guided by it, which are typically treated as mythic material in Pausanias. |
| 4.26.8 | 2 | other | high | ὁ δὲ θύσας καὶ εὐξάμενος τῷ πεφηνότι ὀνείρατι ἤνοιγε τὴν ὑδρίαν, ἀνοίξας δὲ εὗρε κασσίτερον ἐληλασμένον ἐς τὸ λεπτότατον· ἐπείλικτο δὲ ὥσπερ τὰ βιβλία. | Having offered sacrifice and prayed to the deity who had appeared to him in the dream, the latter opened the vessel; once opened, he found a very thinly beaten sheet of tin, rolled up like a scroll. | A dream apparition and an object found in a vessel are descriptive narrative details, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.26.8 | 3 | mythic | high | ἐνταῦθα τῶν Μεγάλων θεῶν ἐγέγραπτο ἡ τελετή, καὶ τοῦτο ἦν παρακαταθήκη τοῦ Ἀριστομένους. | Inscribed thereupon was the rite of the Great Gods, which had been entrusted there by Aristomenes. | Aristomenes is a legendary heroic figure, and the sentence concerns a rite entrusted by him, i.e. a mythic-associated cult tradition. |
| 4.26.8 | 4 | mythic | high | τοῦτον τὸν ἐπελθόντα τῷ Ἐπιτέλει καὶ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ καθεύδουσι Καύκωνα εἶναι λέγουσιν, ὃς ἀφίκετο ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἐς Ἀνδανίαν παρὰ Μεσσήνην τὴν Τριόπα. | The one who appeared to Epiteles and Epaminondas while they were sleeping is said to have been Caucon, who had come from Athens to Andania, near Triopian Messene. | Refers to a supernatural apparition and mythic figure Caucon connected with the landscape at Andania. |