Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.22.1 | 1 | other | high | ἐπανάγει δὲ ὁ λόγος με ἐπὶ Στύμφαλον καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς Φενεατῶν καὶ Στυμφαλίων ὅρους, τὸ ὀνομαζόμενον Γερόντειον. | My narrative now brings me to Stymphalos and to the frontier between the Pheneatians and Stymphalians, to a place called Geronteion. | Purely geographic route-marker identifying a frontier place, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.1 | 2 | historical | medium | Στυμφάλιοι δὲ τεταγμένοι μὲν οὐ μετὰ Ἀρκάδων ἔτι εἰσὶν, ἀλλὰ ἐς τὸ Ἀργολικὸν συντελοῦσι μεταστάντες ἐς αὐτὸ ἐθελονταί· | The Stymphalians are no longer arranged among the Arcadians, but have willingly transferred themselves into Argolis and are counted part of that region. | Describes a later territorial/administrative change of a community’s affiliation, not a mythic event. |
| 8.22.1 | 3 | mythic | high | γένους δὲ εἶναι σφᾶς τοῦ Ἀρκάδων τὰ ἔπη μαρτυρεῖ τὰ Ὁμήρου, καὶ ὁ Στύμφαλος ὁ οἰκιστὴς ἀπόγονος ἦν τρίτος Ἀρκάδος τοῦ Καλλιστοῦς. | Nevertheless, their Arcadian origin is testified by the verses of Homer, and Stymphalos, their founder, was the third descendant from Arkas, the son of Callisto. | Genealogical descent from Arkas and Callisto is mythic ancestry. |
| 8.22.1 | 4 | other | high | λέγεται δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἑτέρωθι οἰκισθῆναι τῆς χώρας καὶ οὐκ ἐς τὴν ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πόλιν. | It is said that in the beginning their city was founded elsewhere in the region, and not in the location of the present city. | Describes a traditional foundation-location note about the city's earlier site, not a mythic deed or a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 8.22.2 | 1 | mythic | high | ἐν δὲ τῇ Στυμφάλῳ τῇ ἀρχαίᾳ Τήμενόν φασιν οἰκῆσαι τὸν Πελασγοῦ καὶ Ἥραν ὑπὸ τοῦ Τημένου τραφῆναι τούτου καὶ αὐτὸν ἱερὰ τῇ θεῷ τρία ἱδρύσασθαι καὶ ἐπικλήσεις τρεῖς ἐπʼ αὐτῇ θέσθαι· | In ancient Stymphalos, they say Temenus, son of Pelasgos, lived, and that Hera was raised by this Temenus; he himself established three sanctuaries for the goddess, assigning three titles to her. | Refers to Pelasgos, Hera's upbringing, and sacred foundations attributed to Temenus, all mythic aetiology. |
| 8.22.2 | 2 | mythic | high | παρθένῳ μὲν ἔτι οὔσῃ Παιδί, γημαμένην δὲ ἔτι τῷ Διὶ ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὴν Τελείαν, διενεχθεῖσαν δὲ ἐφʼ ὅτῳ δὴ ἐς τὸν Δία καὶ ἐπανήκουσαν ἐς τὴν Στύμφαλον ὠνόμασεν ὁ Τήμενος Χήραν. | While she was still a maiden, he named her Child (Pais); after she married Zeus, he called her Perfected (Teleia); and when she quarreled for some reason with Zeus and returned to Stymphalos, Temenus called her Widow (Chēra). | Names and marital episodes involving Zeus are mythic, with the return to Stymphalos tied to that mythic story. |
| 8.22.2 | 3 | other | high | τάδε μὲν ὑπὸ Στυμφαλίων λεγόμενα οἶδα ἐς τὴν θεόν· | Such are the stories about the goddess as reported by the Stymphalians, as far as I am aware. | Introduces reported stories about the goddess; this is antiquarian/reportive rather than narrating a specific mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.3 | 1 | other | high | ἡ δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πόλις τῶν μὲν εἰρημένων οὐδέν, ἄλλα δὲ εἶχε τοσάδε. | In my time, the city possessed nothing of what I have just described, but had instead the following features. | Describes the city's condition in Pausanias' own time, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.3 | 2 | historical | high | ἔστιν ἐν τῇ Στυμφαλίων πηγή, καὶ ἀπὸ ταύτης ὕδωρ βασιλεὺς Ἀδριανὸς Κορινθίοις ἤγαγεν ἐς τὴν πόλιν. | In the land of the Stymphalians there is a spring, and from this spring the emperor Hadrian brought water to Corinth, conducting it into the city. | Refers to Emperor Hadrian's aqueduct work bringing water to Corinth, a post-500 BC historical event and its landscape impact. |
| 8.22.3 | 3 | other | high | ἐν δὲ τῇ Στυμφάλῳ χειμῶνος μὲν ὥρᾳ λίμνην τε οὐ μεγάλην ἡ πηγὴ καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς ποταμὸν ποιεῖ τὸν Στύμφαλον· ἐν θέρει δὲ προλιμνάζει μὲν οὐδὲν ἔτι, ποταμὸς δὲ αὐτίκα ἐστὶν ἀπὸ τῆς πηγῆς. | In Stymphalos, during wintertime, this spring forms a small lake, from which flows the river Stymphalos; in summer, however, water no longer gathers into a lake at all, and the river immediately issues from the spring itself. | Purely geographical description of a spring, lake, river, and seasonal water behavior. |
| 8.22.3 | 4 | other | high | οὗτος ἐς χάσμα γῆς κάτεισιν ὁ ποταμός, ἀναφαινόμενος δὲ αὖθις ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι μεταβάλλει τὸ ὄνομα, καὶ αὐτὸν ἀντὶ Στυμφάλου καλοῦσιν Ἐρασῖνον. | This river descends into a chasm in the earth, and reappearing again in Argolis, it changes its name: the Argives now call it Erasinus rather than Stymphalos. | Geographical description of a river disappearing and reemerging with a name change. |
| 8.22.4 | 1 | mythic | high | ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ὕδατι τῷ ἐν Στυμφάλῳ κατέχει λόγος ὄρνιθάς ποτε ἀνδροφάγους ἐπʼ αὐτῷ τραφῆναι· | Concerning the lake at Stymphalos, the story prevails that man-eating birds once were nourished there. | Mentions the Stymphalian man-eating birds, a mythic tradition affecting the lake. |
| 8.22.4 | 2 | mythic | high | ταύτας κατατοξεῦσαι τὰς ὄρνιθας Ἡρακλῆς λέγεται. | Heracles, it is said, shot these birds down. | Heracles shooting the birds is a mythic deed affecting the landscape/tradition. |
| 8.22.4 | 3 | mythic | medium | Πείσανδρος δὲ αὐτὸν ὁ Καμιρεὺς ἀποκτεῖναι τὰς ὄρνιθας οὔ φησιν, ἀλλὰ ὡς ψόφῳ κροτάλων ἐκδιώξειεν αὐτάς. | Pisander of Camirus, however, denies that Heracles killed them, but states that he drove them away by the noise of rattles. | Refers to Heracles and the Stymphalian birds, a mythic episode, even though it reports an alternative version. |
| 8.22.4 | 4 | mythic | high | γῆς δὲ τῆς Ἀράβων ἡ ἔρημος παρέχεται καὶ ἄλλα θηρία καὶ ὄρνιθας καλουμένας Στυμφαλίδας, λεόντων καὶ παρδάλεων οὐδέν τι ἡμερωτέρας ἀνθρώποις· | Moreover, the Arabian desert also yields other creatures and birds called Stymphalian, which are no less savage towards humans than lions or leopards. | Mentions Stymphalian birds, a mythic creature, and their presence in the landscape. |
| 8.22.5 | 1 | other | high | αὗται τοῖς ἐπὶ ἄγραν αὐτῶν ἀφικνουμένοις ἐπιπέτανται, καὶ τιτρώσκουσί τε τοῖς ῥάμφεσι καὶ ἀποκτείνουσιν. | These birds attack those who approach to hunt them; they wound and kill men with their beaks. | Describes birds and their behavior toward hunters; purely zoological/descriptive, not mythic or historical. |
| 8.22.5 | 2 | other | high | ὅσα μὲν δὴ χαλκοῦ καὶ σιδήρου φοροῦσιν ἄνθρωποι, διατρυπῶσιν αἱ ὄρνιθες· | Indeed, anything worn by humans made of bronze or iron is pierced through by the birds. | Descriptive observation about birds piercing bronze and iron objects; not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.5 | 3 | mythic | high | ἢν δὲ ἐσθῆτα φλοΐνην παχεῖαν πλέξωνται, τὰ ῥάμφη τῶν Στυμφαλίδων ὑπὸ τῆς ἐσθῆτος ἔχεται τῆς φλοΐνης, καθὰ καὶ πτέρυγες ὀρνίθων τῶν μικρῶν προσέχονται τῷ ἰξῷ. | But if men weave thick garments of bark fibre, the beaks of the Stymphalian birds become caught in the bark clothing, just as the wings of small birds are caught by bird-lime. | Refers to the Stymphalian birds, a mythic episode from Heracles' labors, and explains a feature of the landscape by mythic creature behavior. |
| 8.22.5 | 4 | other | high | αὗται μέγεθος μὲν κατὰ γέρανόν εἰσιν αἱ ὄρνιθες, ἐοίκασι δὲ ἴβεσι, ῥάμφη δὲ ἀλκιμώτερα φέρουσι καὶ οὐ σκολιὰ ὥσπερ αἱ ἴβεις. | These birds are about the size of a crane, resemble ibises in appearance, but have stronger beaks that are not curved like those of ibises. | Purely zoological description of birds’ appearance and beaks; no mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.6 | 1 | mythic | high | εἰ μὲν δὴ καὶ αἱ κατʼ ἐμὲ ὄρνιθες αἱ Ἀράβιοι τῶν ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ ποτὲ ὀρνίθων τὸ ὄνομα, εἶδος δὲ οὐ τὸ αὐτὸ ἐκείναις ἔχουσιν, οὐκ οἶδα· εἰ δὲ τὸν πάντα αἰῶνα κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ἱέραξι καὶ ἀετοῖς καὶ Στυμφαλίδες εἰσὶν ὄρνιθες, Ἀράβιόν τε εἶναί μοι θρέμμα αἱ ὄρνιθες αὗται φαίνονται, καὶ δύναιτο ἂν πετομένη ποτὲ ἀπόμοιρα ἐξ αὐτῶν ἐς Ἀρκαδίαν ἀφικέσθαι ἐπὶ Στύμφαλον. | Whether the Arabian birds of my own day bear the name of those once in Arcadia, but differ in appearance from them, I cannot say; but if throughout all time the Stymphalian birds have been similar to hawks and eagles, these present-day birds seem to me indeed to be Arabian in origin, and it would have been possible for some of them, flying astray, to reach Arcadia at Stymphalos. | Refers to the Stymphalian birds, a mythic creature of Arcadia, and speculates about their origin. |
| 8.22.6 | 2 | mythic | high | ὑπὸ μὲν δὴ τῶν Ἀράβων ἄλλο τί που ἐξ ἀρχῆς καλοῖντο ἂν καὶ οὐ Στυμφαλίδες· τοῦ Ἡρακλέους δὲ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν πρὸ τοῦ βαρβαρικοῦ τετιμημένον ἐξενίκησεν ὡς καὶ τὰς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τῇ Ἀράβων Στυμφαλίδας καὶ ἐπὶ ἡμῶν ὀνομάζεσθαι. | Originally, however, they must have been called by some other name among the Arabs and certainly not Stymphalian; but the fame of Heracles, along with the honored status of things Greek compared to the barbarian, has prevailed to the extent that even the birds in the Arabian desert are called Stymphalian up to our own times. | The sentence explains that Heracles’ fame caused the Arabian birds to be called Stymphalian, i.e. the lingering impact of myth on nomenclature and landscape. |
| 8.22.7 | 1 | other | high | ἐν Στυμφάλῳ δὲ καὶ ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδός ἐστιν ἀρχαῖον Στυμφαλίας· τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα ξόανόν ἐστι τὰ πολλὰ ἐπίχρυσον. | At Stymphalos there is also an ancient sanctuary of Artemis Stymphalia; the statue is a wooden image, mostly overlaid with gold. | Describes a sanctuary and cult statue in Stymphalos; this is antiquarian/geographical description rather than mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.7 | 2 | mythic | high | πρὸς δὲ τοῦ ναοῦ τῷ ὀρόφῳ πεποιημέναι καὶ οἱ Στυμφαλίδες εἰσὶν ὄρνιθες· σαφῶς μὲν οὖν χαλεπὸν ἦν διαγνῶναι πότερον ξύλου ποίημα ἦν ἢ γύψου, τεκμαιρομένοις δὲ ἡμῖν ἐφαίνετο εἶναι ξύλου μᾶλλον ἢ γύψου. | Upon the roof of the temple are fashioned the Stymphalian birds; although it was difficult clearly to discern whether they were constructed of wood or plaster, by inference they appeared to us rather to be of wood than plaster. | The Stymphalian birds are a mythic object depicted on the temple roof. |
| 8.22.7 | 3 | other | high | εἰσὶ δὲ αὐτόθι καὶ παρθένοι λίθου λευκοῦ, σκέλη δέ σφισίν ἐστιν ὀρνίθων, ἑστᾶσι δὲ ὄπισθε τοῦ ναοῦ. | There are also here maidens carved from white marble, with the legs of birds, standing behind the temple. | Describes sculptural figures and their location behind the temple, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 8.22.8 | 1 | historical | medium | λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν γενέσθαι θαῦμα τοιόνδε. | And they say that a marvel of the following sort also occurred in our time. | Refers to a marvel occurring 'in our time,' so it is placed with later historical-era wonders rather than mythic narrative. |
| 8.22.8 | 2 | other | high | ἐν Στυμφάλῳ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος τῆς Στυμφαλίας τὴν ἑορτὴν κα τά τε ἄλλα ἦγον οὐ σπουδῇ καὶ τὰ ἐς αὐτὴν καθεστηκότα ὑπερέβαινον τὰ πολλά. | At Stymphalos, they celebrated the festival of Artemis Stymphalia and generally conducted it without due reverence, neglecting to a great extent the established customs. | Describes a local festival and ritual practice at Stymphalos, not a mythic event or historical occurrence. |
| 8.22.8 | 3 | mythic | high | ἐσπεσοῦσα οὖν ὕλη κατὰ τοῦ βαράθρου τὸ στόμα, ᾗ κάτεισιν ὁ ποταμός ὅς ἐστιν ὁ Στύμφαλος , ἀνεῖργε μὴ καταδύεσθαι τὸ ὕδωρ, λίμνην τε ὅσον ἐπὶ τετρακοσίους σταδίους τὸ πεδίον σφίσι γενέσθαι λέγουσι. | Thus, wood having fallen into the mouth of the chasm through which the river called Stymphalos descends, prevented the water from flowing down, and it is said that a lake formed covering the plain to an extent of four hundred stades. | A landscape feature (the Stymphalian lake) is explained as arising from a mythic or legendary event involving the river and chasm. |
| 8.22.9 | 1 | other | high | φασὶ δὲ ἕπεσθαι θηρευτὴν ἄνδρα ἐλάφῳ φευγούσῃ, καὶ τὴν μὲν ἐς τὸ τέλμα ἵεσθαι, τὸν δὲ ἄνδρα τὸν θηρευτὴν ἐπακολουθοῦντα ὑπὸ τοῦ θυμοῦ κατόπιν τῆς ἐλάφου νήχεσθαι· | They say that once a hunter was pursuing a fleeing deer. The deer rushed into the marsh, and the hunter, driven by his passion, swam after it; | A hunting anecdote about a deer and marsh; descriptive/local lore, not mythic or historical. |
| 8.22.9 | 2 | mythic | high | καὶ οὕτω τὸ βάραθρον τήν τε ἔλαφον καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῇ τὸν ἄνδρα ὑπεδέξατο. | thus, the chasm swallowed both the deer and the man chasing it. | A chasm swallowing a deer and the pursuing man is the aftermath of a mythic or legendary event affecting the landscape. |
| 8.22.9 | 3 | mythic | high | τούτοις δὲ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπακολουθῆσαί φασιν, ὥστε ἐς ἡμέραν Στυμφαλίοις ἐξήραντο ἅπαν τοῦ πεδίου τὸ λιμνάζον· | It is said that the water from the river followed after them, so that in a single day the marshy water covering all the plain of Stymphalus was drained away completely. | The drying of the Stymphalian plain is presented as an impact of a mythic event involving the river and Stymphalus. |
| 8.22.9 | 4 | mythic | medium | καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι τὴν ἑορτὴν φιλοτιμίᾳ πλέονι ἄγουσι. | Because of this event, the people now celebrate the festival of Artemis with even greater eagerness. | The festival is celebrated because of a preceding event tied to Artemis, indicating mythic aetiology and its impact on cult practice. |