Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 8.7

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
8.7.1 1 other high ὑπερβαλόντα δὲ ἐς τὴν Μαντινικὴν διὰ τοῦ Ἀρτεμισίου πεδίον ἐκδέξεταί σε Ἀργὸν καλούμενον, καθάπερ γε καὶ ἔστι· τὸ γὰρ ὕδωρ τὸ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ κατερχόμενον ἐς αὐτὸ ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν ἀργὸν εἶναι τὸ πεδίον ποιεῖ, After you cross through Artemisium into Mantinean territory, there awaits you a plain called Argon ("Idle"), just as it truly is; for the water descending upon it from the mountain renders the plain idle and barren. Purely geographic and descriptive: route directions and explanation of the barren plain's name.
8.7.1 2 other high ἐκώλυέ τε οὐδὲν ἂν τὸ πεδίον τοῦτο εἶναι λίμνην, εἰ μὴ τὸ ὕδωρ ἠφανίζετο ἐς χάσμα γῆς. Indeed nothing would prevent this plain from becoming a lake, were the water not vanishing into a fissure in the earth. Describes the physical geography of a plain and a disappearing stream, with no mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
8.7.2 1 other high ἀφανισθὲν δὲ ἐνταῦθα ἄνεισι κατὰ τὴν Δίνην· After disappearing here, it re-emerges at the Dine spring. Describes a water source disappearing and reappearing at a spring, a geographical/route note rather than a mythic or historical event.
8.7.2 2 other high ἔστι δὲ ἡ Δίνη κατὰ τὸ Γενέθλιον καλούμενον τῆς Ἀργολίδος, ὕδωρ γλυκὺ ἐκ θαλάσσης ἀνερχόμενον. The Dine is located by the place called Genethlion in Argolis, and is fresh water that rises from the sea. Purely geographical description of a freshwater spring and its location.
8.7.2 3 other high τὸ δὲ ἀρχαῖον καὶ καθίεσαν ἐς τὴν Δίνην τῷ Ποσειδῶνι ἵππους οἱ Ἀργεῖοι κεκοσμημένους χαλινοῖς. In ancient times, the Argives used to offer horses adorned with bridles to Poseidon by sending them down into the Dine. Describes an ancient ritual offering and a place-name detail, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
8.7.2 4 other high γλυκὺ δὲ ὕδωρ ἐν θαλάσσῃ δῆλόν ἐστιν ἐνταῦθά τε ἀνιὸν ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι καὶ ἐν τῇ Θεσπρωτίδι κατὰ τὸ Χειμέριον καλούμενον. This phenomenon of fresh water emerging in the sea is clearly evident at this spot in Argolis, and also in Thesprotia near the place called Cheimerion. Describes a geographical phenomenon of fresh water emerging in the sea, with place names only.
8.7.3 1 other high θαύματος δὲ ἔτι πλέονός ἐστιν ἐν Μαιάνδρῳ ζέον ὕδωρ, τὸ μὲν ἐκ πέτρας, περιέχοντος τοῦ ῥεύματος τὴν πέτραν, τὸ δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς ἰλύος ἄνεισι τοῦ ποταμοῦ. Yet a still greater wonder exists in the Maeander, a boiling water, partly rising from a rock—though the river flows around the rock—and partly emerging from the mud of the river itself. Describes a natural geographical wonder in the Maeander, not a mythic or historical event.
8.7.3 2 other high πρὸ Δικαιαρχίας δὲ τῆς Τυρσηνῶν ὕδωρ τε ἐν θαλάσσῃ ζέον καὶ νῆσος διʼ αὐτό ἐστι χειροποίητος, ὡς μηδὲ τοῦτο τὸ ὕδωρ ἀργὸν εἶναι ἀλλά σφισι λουτρὰ θερμά. Before Dicaearchia in the land of the Etruscans, there is also boiling water in the sea, and because of this, an artificial island has been constructed, so that even this water is not unused but serves as hot baths for them. Describes a geographic feature and human-built baths/artificial island, not a mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
8.7.4 1 historical high τοῦ δὲ Ἀργοῦ καλουμένου πεδίου Μαντινεῦσιν ὄρος ἐστὶν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ, σκηνῆς τε Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου καὶ κώμης ἐρείπια ἔχον Νεστάνης· On the left-hand side of the plain called Argon there is a mountain belonging to the Mantineans, upon which stand the ruins of the village of Nestane and of the camp of Philip son of Amyntas. Mentions Philip son of Amyntas and the remains of his camp, a post-500 BC historical landmark.
8.7.4 2 historical high πρὸς ταύτῃ γὰρ στρατοπεδεύσασθαι τῇ Νεστάνῃ Φίλιππον λέγουσι καὶ τὴν πηγὴν αὐτόθι ὀνομάζουσιν ἔτι ἀπὸ ἐκείνου Φιλίππιον. For they say Philip encamped at Nestane, and the spring there is still named Philippium after him. Refers to Philip's military encampment and a place-name memorial from a historical figure, not a mythic event.
8.7.4 3 historical high ἀφίκετο δὲ ἐς Ἀρκαδίαν Φίλιππος οἰκειωσόμενός τε Ἀρκάδας καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ σφᾶς τοῦ ἄλλου διαστήσων. Philip had come into Arcadia both to establish friendly relations with the Arcadians and to detach them from the rest of the Greek alliance. Philip’s diplomatic visit and political maneuvering are historical events after 500 BC.
8.7.5 1 historical high Φίλιππον δὲ βασιλέων μὲν τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ καὶ ὅσοι Μακεδόσι γεγόνασιν ὕστερον, τούτων μὲν πείθοιτο ἄν τις μέγιστα αὐτὸν ἔργα ἐπιδείξασθαι· στρατηγὸν δὲ ἀγαθὸν οὐκ ἄν τις φρονῶν ὀρθὰ καλέσειεν αὐτόν, ὅς γε καὶ ὅρκους θεῶν κατεπάτησεν ἀεὶ καὶ σπονδὰς ἐπὶ παντὶ ἐψεύσατο πίστιν τε ἠτίμασε μάλιστα ἀνθρώπων. As for Philip, one might be convinced that, among the kings who preceded him and those who afterwards ruled over the Macedonians, he performed the greatest deeds; yet no one who judges rightly could call him a good general, since he continually trampled upon oaths sworn by the gods, was always false to his treaties in every circumstance, and showed himself to be the most contemptuous of all men regarding fidelity. Philip is a historical Macedonian king; the sentence evaluates his deeds and treaty-breaking, not myth.
8.7.6 1 mythic high καί οἱ τὸ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ μήνιμα ἀπήντησεν οὐκ ὀψέ, πρῶτα δὲ ὧν ἴσμεν. Not long afterward, divine anger overtook him, bringing upon him first of all the punishments known to us. Divine anger and punishment are mythic/religious causation.
8.7.6 2 historical high Φίλιππος μὲν οὐ πρόσω βιώσας ἕξ τε καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ἐτῶν τὸ μάντευμα ἐξετέλεσε τὸ ἐκ Δελφῶν, ὃ δὴ χρωμένῳ οἱ περὶ τοῦ Πέρσου γενέσθαι λέγουσιν, ἔστεπται μὲν ὁ ταῦρος, ἔχει τέλος, ἔστιν ὁ θύσων· Philip, who lived no more than forty-six years, fulfilled the oracle given at Delphi, which, as they relate, had been delivered to him in his inquiry about the Persian: "The bull is garlanded; the end is at hand; there is one who will sacrifice him." Refers to Philip II and an oracle connected with the Persian campaign, a historical figure and event.
8.7.6 3 historical high τοῦτο μὲν δὴ οὐ μετὰ πολὺ ἐδήλωσεν οὐκ ἐς τὸν Μῆδον, ἀλλὰ ἐς αὐτὸν ἔχον Φίλιππον· Indeed, not long afterward, this oracle was clearly revealed to signify not the Persian, but Philip himself. Refers to Philip and the later historical interpretation of an oracle, not a mythic event.
8.7.7 1 historical high ἐπὶ δὲ Φιλίππῳ τελευτήσαντι Φιλίππου παῖδα νήπιον, γεγονότα δὲ ἐκ Κλεοπάτρας ἀδελφιδῆς Ἀττάλου, τοῦτον τὸν παῖδα ὁμοῦ τῇ μητρὶ Ὀλυμπιὰς ἐπὶ σκεύους χαλκοῦ πυρὸς ὑποβεβλημένου διέφθειρεν ἕλκουσα· After the death of Philip, Olympias took his infant child by Cleopatra, niece of Attalus, and put him to death together with his mother by dragging them onto a bronze vessel heated by fire beneath. Describes the killing of Philip II’s infant son and Cleopatra after Philip’s death, a post-500 BC historical event.
8.7.7 2 historical medium χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον καὶ Ἀριδαῖον ἀπέκτεινεν. Sometime later, she also killed Arrhidaeus. Arrhidaeus is a post-classical Macedonian figure; the sentence refers to a later historical killing, not myth.
8.7.7 3 historical high ἔμελλε δὲ ἄρα ὁ δαίμων καὶ τὸ γένος τὸ Κασσάνδρου κακῶς ἐξαμήσειν· But it seems heaven intended evil likewise to destroy Cassander's line. Refers to Cassander, a historical figure, and the destruction of his line is tied to post-classical historical events.
8.7.7 4 historical high Κασσάνδρῳ δὲ οἱ παῖδες ἐκ Θεσσαλονίκης γεγόνασι τῆς Φιλίππου, Θεσσαλονίκῃ δὲ ἦσαν καὶ Ἀριδαίῳ μητέρες Θεσσαλαί. Cassander's sons were begotten of Thessalonice, daughter of Philip, and both Thessalonice and Arrhidaeus had Thessalian mothers. Refers to Philip, Cassander, Thessalonice, and Arrhidaeus—Hellenistic historical genealogy, not myth.
8.7.7 5 historical high τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἀλέξανδρον καὶ τοῖς πᾶσιν ὁμοίως δῆλά ἐστιν Ἀλεξάνδρου θάνατος · Regarding Alexander, his death and its circumstances are equally well known to everyone. Refers to Alexander's death, a post-500 BC historical figure and event.
8.7.8 1 historical medium εἰ δὲ τῶν ἐς Γλαῦκον τὸν Σπαρτιάτην ἐποιήσατο ὁ Φίλιππος λόγον καὶ τὸ ἔπος ἐφʼ ἑκάστου τῶν ἔργων ἀνεμίμνησκεν αὑτόν, ἀνδρὸς δʼ εὐόρκου γενεὴ μετόπισθεν ἀρείων, οὐκ ἂν οὕτω δίχα λόγου δοκεῖ μοι θεῶν τις Ἀλεξάνδρου τε ὁμοῦ τὸν βίον καὶ ἀκμὴν τὴν Μακεδόνων σβέσαι. But if Philip had taken heed of his treatment of Glaucus the Spartan, and had reminded himself of this saying at each of his actions—that the descendants of a righteous man are made better—then it seems to me beyond doubt that no god would so swiftly have extinguished the life of Alexander and simultaneously ended the glory of the Macedonians. Refers to Philip and Alexander of Macedon, a post-500 BC historical figure and dynasty.