Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Annotations › Current Sentence Tags › Chapter 9.1

Chapter 9.1

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
9.1.1 1 other high Ἀθηναίοις δὲ ἡ Βοιωτία καὶ κατὰ ἄλλα τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἐστιν ὅμορος, πρὸς δὲ Ἐλευθερῶν οἱ Πλαταιεῖς. Boeotia borders the Athenians in various places along Attica, and near Eleutherae, the Plataeans are neighbors. Purely geographical notice about borders and neighboring peoples.
9.1.1 2 mythic high Βοιωτοὶ δὲ τὸ μὲν πᾶν ἔθνος ἀπὸ Βοιωτοῦ τὸ ὄνομα ἔσχηκεν, ὃν Ἰτώνου παῖδα καὶ νύμφης δὴ Μελανίππης, Ἴτωνον δὲ Ἀμφικτύονος εἶναι λέγουσι· As for the Boeotians, the whole nation received its name from Boeotus, who was the son of Itonus and the nymph Melanippe; Itonus, they say, was the son of Amphictyon. Genealogical account deriving the Boeotians from mythic ancestors Boeotus, Itonus, Melanippe, and Amphictyon.
9.1.1 3 other high καλοῦνται δὲ κατὰ πόλεις ἀπό τε ἀνδρῶν καὶ τὰ πλείω γυναικῶν. The people of the individual cities are named chiefly after men, but in most cases after women. This is an antiquarian/ethnographic remark about naming customs, not a mythic or historical event.
9.1.1 4 mythic high οἱ δὲ Πλαταιεῖς τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν εἰσιν αὐτόχθονες· ὄνομα δέ σφισιν ἀπὸ Πλαταίας, ἣν θυγατέρα εἶναι Ἀσωποῦ τοῦ ποταμοῦ νομίζουσιν. The Plataeans, however, seem to me from the beginning to have been indigenous; their name comes from Plataea, whom they regard as a daughter of the river Asopus. Explains an aetiological origin from Plataea, daughter of the river Asopus, which is mythic genealogy.
9.1.2 1 historical high ὅτι μὲν δὴ καὶ οὗτοι τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἐβασιλεύοντο, δῆλά ἐστι· βασιλεῖαι γὰρ πανταχοῦ τῆς Ἑλλάδος καὶ οὐ δημοκρατίαι πάλαι καθεστήκεσαν. That indeed the Plataeans were also anciently ruled by kings is clear; for in every region of Greece kingdoms and not democracies were formerly established. Refers to ancient kingship and early political arrangements in Greece, not mythic narrative.
9.1.2 2 mythic high τῶν δὲ βασιλέων ἄλλον μὲν οὐδένα οἱ Πλαταιεῖς ἴσασι, μόνον δὲ Ἀσωπὸν καὶ ἔτι πρότερον Κιθαιρῶνα· καὶ τὸν μὲν ἀφʼ αὑτοῦ θέσθαι τῷ ὄρει τὸ ὄνομα, τὸν δὲ τῷ ποταμῷ λέγουσι. But of their kings the Plataeans know none apart from Asopus, and earlier still Cithaeron; they say that the latter gave his own name to the mountain and the former to the river. Names an eponymous king giving his name to a river and mountain, reflecting mythic foundation lore.
9.1.2 3 mythic high δοκῶ δὲ καὶ τὴν Πλάταιαν, ἀφʼ ἧς κέκληται καὶ ἡ πόλις, βασιλέως Ἀσωποῦ καὶ οὐ τοῦ ποταμοῦ παῖδα εἶναι. In my opinion, Plataea as well, from whom the city derives its name, was a daughter of King Asopus and not of the river. Plataea is identified through genealogy involving Asopus, a mythic figure, and the city's name is explained by a mythic foundation tradition.
9.1.3 1 historical high Πλαταιεῦσι δὲ πρὸ μὲν τῆς μάχης, ἣν Ἀθηναῖοι Μαραθῶνι ἐμαχέσαντο, οὐδὲν ὑπῆρχεν ἐς δόξαν· The Plataeans held no great reputation before the battle in which the Athenians fought at Marathon. Refers to the Battle of Marathon, a historical event after 500 BC.
9.1.3 2 historical high μετασχόντες δὲ τοῦ Μαραθῶνι ἀγῶνος ὕστερον καταβεβηκότος ἤδη Ξέρξου καὶ ἐς τὰς ναῦς ἐτόλμησαν μετʼ Ἀθηναίων ἐσβῆναι, But after participating in the fight at Marathon, and later, when Xerxes had already retreated to his ships, they even dared to embark alongside the Athenians. Refers to the Battle of Marathon and Xerxes' retreat, both historical events of the Persian Wars.
9.1.3 3 historical high Μαρδόνιον δὲ τὸν Γωβρύου Ξέρξῃ στρατηγοῦντα ἠμύναντο ἐν τῇ σφετέρᾳ. Furthermore, in their own territory they repelled Mardonius, the son of Gobryas, who commanded the armies of Xerxes. Refers to Mardonius and Xerxes' Persian Wars campaign, a post-500 BC historical event.
9.1.3 4 historical high δὶς δὲ σφᾶς κατέλαβε γενέσθαι τε ἀναστάτους καὶ αὖθις ἐς Βοιωτίαν καταχθῆναι. Twice, however, it fell to their lot to be driven from their homes into exile and again to return to Boeotia. Refers to repeated exile and return of a people, an event in post-mythic historical time rather than myth.
9.1.4 1 historical high ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ Πελοποννησίοις πρὸς Ἀθηναίους γενομένου Λακεδαιμόνιοι πολιορκίᾳ Πλάταιαν ἐξεῖλον· Indeed, during the war which arose between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians, the Lacedaemonians captured Plataea by siege. Refers to the Peloponnesian War and the Spartan capture of Plataea, a post-500 BC historical event.
9.1.4 2 historical high ἀνοικισθείσης δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς εἰρήνης, ἣν πρὸς βασιλέα τῶν Περσῶν γενέσθαι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἔπραξεν Ἀνταλκίδας ἀνὴρ Σπαρτιάτης, καὶ τῶν Πλαταιέων κατελθόντων ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν, τοὺς δὲ αὖθις ἔμελλεν ἐπιλήψεσθαι κακὸν δεύτερον. Afterwards, in the course of that peace arranged for the Greeks with the Persian king by the negotiations of Antalcidas, a Spartan, Plataea was resettled, and its inhabitants returned from Athens; yet they were again destined to suffer a second calamity. Refers to the aftermath of the Antalcidas Peace and the resettlement of Plataea, a post-500 BC historical event.
9.1.4 3 historical high ἐκ μέν γε τοῦ ἐμφανοῦς πόλεμος πρὸς τοὺς Θηβαίους οὐκ ἦν συνεστηκώς, ἀλλὰ οἱ Πλαταιεῖς μένειν τὴν εἰρήνην σφίσιν ἔφασαν, ὅτι τὴν Καδμείαν Λακεδαιμονίοις κατασχοῦσιν οὔτε βουλεύματος οὔτε ἔργου μετεσχήκεσαν· Although no declared war openly existed yet against the Thebans, nevertheless the Plataeans asserted that peace still held for them, since they had taken no part, either by planning or by action, in the Lacedaemonians' occupation of the Theban Cadmea. Refers to the Lacedaemonians' occupation of the Theban Cadmea, a post-500 BC historical event.
9.1.5 1 historical high Θηβαῖοι δὲ ἀπέφαινον τήν τε εἰρήνην Λακεδαιμονίους εἶναι τοὺς πράξαντας καὶ ὕστερον παραβάντων ἐκείνων λελύσθαι The Thebans declared that the Lacedaemonians had been responsible for making peace, and later, when they violated it, the treaty was therefore dissolved. Refers to the Thebans and Lacedaemonians in a peace treaty dispute, a historical political event.
9.1.5 2 other high καὶ ἅπασιν ἠξίουν τὰς σπονδάς. They accordingly claimed that the truce was broken for all. Refers to a truce and its breach, a historical/diplomatic matter rather than mythic narrative.
9.1.5 3 historical high οὐκ ἀνύποπτα οὖν ἡγούμενοι οἱ Πλαταιεῖς τὰ ἐκ τῶν Θηβαίων διὰ φυλακῆς εἶχον ἰσχυρᾶς τὴν πόλιν· καὶ ἐς τοὺς ἀγρούς, ὁπόσοι ἀπωτέρω τοῦ ἄστεως ἦσαν, οὐδὲ ἐς τούτους ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἤρχοντο τὴν ἡμέραν, Thus the Plataeans, suspecting hostility from the Thebans, kept their city under careful guard; even those who had their farms farther from the city would not venture to visit them at all hours of the day. Refers to Plataean precautions against Theban hostility, a historical inter-polis situation rather than myth or geography.
9.1.5 4 historical high ἀλλὰ--- ἠπίσταντο γὰρ τοὺς Θηβαίους ὡς πανδημεὶ καὶ ἅμα ἐπὶ πλεῖστον εἰώθεσαν βουλεύεσθαι---παρεφύλασσον τὰς ἐκκλησίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν τῷ τοσούτῳ καθʼ ἡσυχίαν ἐφεώρων τὰ ἑαυτῶν καὶ οἱ ἔσχατοι γεωργοῦντες. Moreover—for they knew that the Thebans usually deliberated altogether and at length—they would watch carefully the times when the Thebans met in their assemblies, and in those intervals, even those farming the furthest land tended their fields in peace. Describes tactical behavior of the Thebans and farmers in a historical setting, not mythic material.
9.1.6 1 historical high Νεοκλῆς δὲ ὃς τότε βοιωταρχῶν ἔτυχεν ἐν Θήβαις---οὐ γὰρ αὐτὸν οἱ Πλαταιεῖς ἐλελήθεσαν ἐπὶ τῇ τέχνῃ--- προεῖπε τῶν Θηβαίων ἕκαστόν τέ τινα ἰέναι πρὸς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ὁμοῦ τοῖς ὅπλοις καὶ σφᾶς αὐτίκα οὐ τὴν εὐθεῖαν ἀπὸ τῶν Θηβῶν τὴν πεδιάδα, τὴν δὲ ἐπὶ Ὑσιῶν ἦγε πρὸς Ἐλευθερῶν τε καὶ τῆς Ἀττικῆς, ᾗ μηδὲ σκοπὸς ἐτέτακτο ὑπὸ τῶν Πλαταιέων· Neocles, who was then serving as Boeotarch in Thebes—for the Plataeans had not been unaware of his stratagem—ordered each of the Thebans to come to the assembly fully armed, and immediately led them not directly from Thebes across the plain, but rather by a way toward Hysiai, in the direction of Eleutherae and the Attic border, where no guard had been stationed by the Plataeans. Describes a specific military stratagem in the Theban-Plataean conflict, a post-500 BC historical event.
9.1.6 2 other high γενήσεσθαι δὲ περὶ τὰ τείχη περὶ μεσοῦσαν μάλιστα ἔμελλε τὴν ἡμέραν. He planned to arrive at the city walls at about midday. A route/timing statement about arriving at the city walls at midday; purely descriptive, not mythic or historical.
9.1.7 1 historical high Πλαταιεῖς δὲ ἄγειν Θηβαίους ἐκκλησίαν νομίζοντες ἐς τοὺς ἀγροὺς ἀποκεκλειμένοι τῶν πυλῶν ἦσαν· The Plataeans, thinking that the Thebans were holding an assembly, had gone out to their fields and were shut out from the city gates. Describes a specific human action in a historical military context, not a mythic event.
9.1.7 2 historical high πρὸς δὲ τοὺς ἐγκαταληφθέντας ἐποιήσαντο οἱ Θηβαῖοι σπονδάς, ἀπελθεῖν σφᾶς πρὸ ἡλίου δύντος ἄνδρας μὲν σὺν ἑνί, γυναῖκας δὲ δύο ἱμάτια ἑκάστην ἔχουσαν. The Thebans made an agreement with those who had been trapped within the city, permitting the men to depart before sunset, each wearing a single garment, and the women each permitted two garments. Refers to a Theban agreement and evacuation terms in a historical conflict, not mythic material.
9.1.7 3 historical high συνέβη τε ἐναντία τοῖς Πλαταιεῦσιν ἐν τῷ τότε ἡ τύχη ἢ ὡς ὑπὸ Ἀρχιδάμου καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τὸ πρότερον ἥλωσαν· Thus fortune gave the Plataeans an experience precisely opposite to their earlier capture by Archidamus and the Lacedaemonians. Refers to the Plataeans' capture by Archidamus and the Lacedaemonians, a historical event from the Peloponnesian War.
9.1.7 4 historical high Λακεδαιμόνιοι μέν γʼ αὐτοὺς ἐξεπολιόρκησαν ἀπείργοντες διπλῷ τείχει μὴ ἐξελθεῖν τοῦ ἄστεως, Θηβαῖοι δὲ ἐν τῷ τότε ἀφελόμενοι μὴ ἐσελθεῖν σφᾶς ἐς τὸ τεῖχος. At that former time, the Lacedaemonians had besieged them, enclosing them within a double wall to prevent their leaving the city; but now, conversely, the Thebans prevented them from re-entering their own walls. Refers to the Spartan siege of a city and Theban counteraction, a post-500 BC historical event affecting the walls.
9.1.8 1 historical high ἐγένετο δὲ ἡ ἅλωσις Πλαταίας ἡ δευτέρα μάχης μὲν τρίτῳ τῆς ἐν Λεύκτροις ἔτει πρότερον, Ἀστείου δὲ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἄρχοντος. The second capture of Plataea occurred two years before the battle of Leuctra, in the archonship at Athens of Asteius. Dates the capture of Plataea relative to the battle of Leuctra and an Athenian archon, so it is explicit historical chronology.
9.1.8 2 historical high καὶ ἡ μὲν πόλις ὑπὸ τῶν Θηβαίων καθῃρέθη πλὴν τὰ ἱερά, The city was razed to the ground by the Thebans, except for the sacred precincts. Describes the destruction of a city by the Thebans, a historical event affecting the landscape.
9.1.8 3 historical high τοῖς δὲ Πλαταιεῦσιν ὁ τρόπος τῆς ἁλώσεως σωτηρίαν παρέσχεν ἐν ἴσῳ πᾶσιν· ἐκπεσόντας δὲ σφᾶς ἐδέξαντο αὖθις οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι. As for the Plataeans themselves, the manner of the city's fall provided equal safety for all of them, and after their exile the Athenians once more received them. Refers to the fall of Plataea and the Athenians receiving the exiled Plataeans, an event of the Peloponnesian War era.
9.1.8 4 historical high Φιλίππου δέ, ὡς ἐκράτησεν ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ, φρουράν τε ἐσαγαγόντος ἐς Θήβας καὶ ἄλλα ἐπὶ καταλύσει τῶν Θηβαίων πράσσοντος, οὕτω καὶ οἱ Πλαταιεῖς ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ κατήχθησαν. Later, when Philip prevailed at Chaeronea and placed a garrison in Thebes, taking further measures leading to the overthrow of the Thebans, the Plataeans also were restored by him to their homeland. Refers to Philip II, Chaeronea, Thebes, and the restoration of Plataeans—an event of the late Classical historical period.