Grammar parses for passage 1.37.2
Open translation for this passage
ταύτῃ μὲν τύχην τοιαύτην συμβῆναι λέγουσι·
Greek infinitival complement with accusative subject/object-like NP; ταύτῃ likely dative of respect or circumstance modifying the clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | Pd-fs---d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 τύχην | det | high | Demonstrative modifying τύχην. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 συμβῆναι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | τύχην | τύχη | NOUN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 συμβῆναι | obj | high | Object of συμβῆναι. |
| 4 | τοιαύτην | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | Pk-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 τύχην | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying τύχην. |
| 5 | συμβῆναι | συμβαίνω | VERB | AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of λέγουσι. |
| 6 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
προελθοῦσι δὲ ὀλίγον Λακίου τέμενός ἐστιν ἥρωος καὶ δῆμος ὃν Λακιάδας ὀνομάζουσιν ἀπὸ τούτου, καὶ Νικοκλέους Ταραντίνου ἐστὶ μνῆμα, ὃς ἐπὶ μέγιστον δόξης κιθαρῳδῶν ἁπάντων ἦλθεν.
The sentence has three coordinated predications with a relative clause chain; the main difficulty is the first clause’s apposition/coordination between τέμενος and δῆμος, and the final relative clause with ἐπὶ μέγιστον δόξης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθοῦσι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with dative plural. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 προελθοῦσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | A-ADV | _ | 1 προελθοῦσι | advmod | medium | Accusative adverbial usage, 'a little'. |
| 4 | Λακίου | Λάκιος | PROPN | NNG-SM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τέμενός | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of τέμενος. |
| 5 | τέμενός | τέμενος | NOUN | N-SN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb governing first clause. |
| 7 | ἥρωος | ἥρως | NOUN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τέμενός | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/association. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 δῆμος | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 9 | δῆμος | δῆμος | NOUN | N-NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | conj | high | Conjunct with τέμενος under shared ἐστιν. |
| 10 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ὀνομάζουσιν. |
| 11 | Λακιάδας | Λακιάδης | PROPN | NNP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | medium | Likely accusative plural as predicative/object complement in naming phrase. |
| 12 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 δῆμος | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying δῆμος. |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R | _ | 14 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 14 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-SG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | obl | high | Ablative/source phrase with ἀπό. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 ἐστὶ | cc | high | Coordinator introducing next clause. |
| 17 | Νικοκλέους | Νικοκλῆς | PROPN | NNG-SM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of μνῆμα. |
| 18 | Ταραντίνου | Ταραντῖνος | PROPN | A-Gen | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Νικοκλέους | amod | high | Gentilic adjective modifying Νικοκλέους. |
| 19 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated copular clause. |
| 20 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστὶ. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐστὶ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 28 ἦλθεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing final clause. |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 25 δόξης | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 24 | μέγιστον | μέγιστος | ADJ | A-ASM-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 δόξης | amod | high | Adjective modifying δόξης. |
| 25 | δόξης | δόξα | NOUN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἦλθεν | obl | medium | Likely governed by ἐπί; phrase meaning 'to the highest level of fame'. |
| 26 | κιθαρῳδῶν | κιθαρῳδός | NOUN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 δόξης | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δόξης. |
| 27 | ἁπάντων | ἅπας | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 κιθαρῳδῶν | amod | high | Modifies κιθαρῳδῶν. |
| 28 | ἦλθεν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 22 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | Verb of relative clause modifying ὃς. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ζεφύρου τε βωμὸς καὶ Δήμητρος ἱερὸν καὶ τῆς παιδός·
Elliptical existential listing: ἔστι governs two coordinated nominative predicates/subjects, each with genitive dependents; τε and repeated καί mark loosely coordinated noun phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb as clause root. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 βωμὸς | cc | high | Connects coordinated NPs. |
| 4 | Ζεφύρου | Ζέφυρος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βωμός. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 4 Ζεφύρου | mwe | medium | Enclitic connective particle; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἱερὸν | cc | high | Connects coordinated nominal phrases. |
| 8 | Δήμητρος | Δημήτηρ | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱερόν. |
| 9 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate/noun phrase under the existential clause. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἱερὸν | cc | high | Coordinates the following genitive phrase with Δήμητρος. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 παιδός | det | high | Definite article modifying παιδός. |
| 12 | παιδός | παῖς | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent coordinated with Δήμητρος. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
σὺν δέ σφισιν Ἀθηνᾶ καὶ Ποσειδῶν ἔχουσι τιμάς.
The subject is coordinated: Ἀθηνᾶ καὶ Ποσειδῶν; Ποσειδῶν is morphologically odd in form but functions syntactically as a nominative here.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 7 ἔχουσι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 7 ἔχουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp-3p---d | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 7 ἔχουσι | obl | high | Dative pronoun governed by σὺν. |
| 4 | Ἀθηνᾶ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | Ne-s---n | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχουσι | nsubj | medium | Likely nominative subject coordinated with Ποσειδῶν. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 Ἀθηνᾶ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 6 | Ποσειδῶν | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | Ne-s---g | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀθηνᾶ | conj | medium | Form resembles genitive but syntax requires nominative as coordinated subject. |
| 7 | ἔχουσι | ἔχω | VERB | V-3p-pia | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 8 | τιμάς | τιμή | NOUN | N-p---fa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἔχουσι | obj | high | Direct object of ἔχουσι. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔχουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι τῷ λόγῳ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ Φυτάλου τάφῳ·
The phrase τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ Φυτάλου τάφῳ is analyzed as an attributive modifier of ἐπίγραμμα; the construction is somewhat compressed but straightforward.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μαρτυρεῖ | μαρτυρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-P---1S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | iobj | high | Dative of indirect relation. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 λόγῳ | det | high | Article with λόγῳ. |
| 5 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | obl | high | Dative complement of μαρτυρεῖ. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Article with ἐπίγραμμα. |
| 7 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of μαρτυρεῖ. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---AN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 τάφῳ | det | high | Article with participial phrase. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 12 τάφῳ | case | high | Preposition governing τάφῳ. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 τάφῳ | det | high | Article with τάφῳ. |
| 11 | Φυτάλου | Φύταλος | PROPN | N-S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τάφῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τάφῳ. |
| 12 | τάφῳ | τάφος | NOUN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίγραμμα | acl | high | Attributive participial/clausal modifier of ἐπίγραμμα. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐνθάδʼ ἄναξ ἥρως Φύταλός ποτε δέξατο σεμνὴν Δήμητραν, ὅτε πρῶτον ὀπώρας καρπὸν ἔφηνεν, ἣν ἱερὰν συκῆν θνητῶν γένος ἐξονομάζει·
Main clause is 'Φύταλος ... δέξατο Δήμητραν'; a temporal clause with ὅτε/ἔφηνεν and a relative clause modifying the fig-tree are embedded, with some ambiguity in attachment of ὀπώρας and ἐξονομάζει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνθάδʼ | ἐνθάδε | ADV | D------- | _ | 6 δέξατο | advmod | high | Adverbial deictic 'here'. |
| 2 | ἄναξ | ἄναξ | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 Φύταλός | appos | medium | Likely appositional to Φύταλός. |
| 3 | ἥρως | ἥρως | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 Φύταλός | appos | medium | Likely appositional to Φύταλός. |
| 4 | Φύταλός | Φύταλος | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 6 δέξατο | nsubj | high | Subject of δέξατο. |
| 5 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | D------- | _ | 6 δέξατο | advmod | high | Temporal particle/adverb. |
| 6 | δέξατο | δέχομαι | VERB | V-3ADI-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | σεμνὴν | σεμνός | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 Δήμητραν | amod | high | Adnominal modifier of Δήμητραν. |
| 8 | Δήμητραν | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 δέξατο | obj | high | Direct object of δέξατο. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 δέξατο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 14 ἔφηνεν | advmod | medium | Temporal subordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | πρῶτον | πρῶτον | ADV | D------- | _ | 14 ἔφηνεν | advmod | high | Adverbial 'first/for the first time'. |
| 12 | ὀπώρας | ὀπώρα | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 13 καρπὸν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of καρπόν. |
| 13 | καρπὸν | καρπός | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 ἔφηνεν | obj | high | Object of ἔφηνεν. |
| 14 | ἔφηνεν | φαίνω | VERB | V-3AAI-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 δέξατο | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate clause verb. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 δέξατο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 21 ἐξονομάζει | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to συκῆν. |
| 17 | ἱερὰν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 18 συκῆν | amod | high | Modifier of συκῆν. |
| 18 | συκῆν | συκῆ | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 21 ἐξονομάζει | obj | high | Object within relative clause. |
| 19 | θνητῶν | θνητός | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 20 γένος | amod | high | Modifier of γένος. |
| 20 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 21 ἐξονομάζει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐξονομάζει. |
| 21 | ἐξονομάζει | ἐξονομάζω | VERB | V-3PAI-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 14 ἔφηνεν | advcl | medium | Relative clause verb modifying καρπόν/συκῆν context. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 δέξατο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἐξ οὗ δὴ τιμὰς Φυτάλου γένος ἔσχεν ἀγήρως.
The clause is centered on ἔσχεν with a relative/genitive fronted phrase ἐξ οὗ δὴ; ἀγήρως is somewhat ambiguous between adverbial and predicative usage.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | case | high | Elided/pre-vocalic form of ἐκ. |
| 2 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 1 ἐξ | obl | high | Relative pronoun governed by ἐξ. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PRT | _ | 2 οὗ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 4 | τιμὰς | τιμή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχεν. |
| 5 | Φυτάλου | Φύταλος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γένος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of γένος. |
| 6 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχεν. |
| 7 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | ἀγήρως | ἀγήρως | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial use 'without aging / immortally'; could be predicative adjective in sense. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |