Grammar parses for passage 1.37.2
Open translation for this passage
ταύτῃ μὲν τύχην τοιαύτην συμβῆναι λέγουσι·
ταύτῃ is an adverbial dative meaning ‘in this way’; λέγουσι governs the accusative–infinitive construction τύχην ... συμβῆναι. The infinitive is aorist active of συμβαίνω, with τύχην as its accusative subject; τοιαύτην modifies τύχην.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | PD--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 λέγουσι | advmod | high | Adverbial dative, ‘in this way’. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 6 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart may be supplied or follow contextually. |
| 3 | τύχην | τύχη | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 συμβῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive in accusative–infinitive construction. |
| 4 | τοιαύτην | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 τύχην | amod | high | Agrees with τύχην. |
| 5 | συμβῆναι | συμβαίνω | VERB | V--AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Aorist active infinitive governed by λέγουσι. |
| 6 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite matrix verb. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσι | punct | high |
προελθοῦσι δὲ ὀλίγον Λακίου τέμενός ἐστιν ἥρωος καὶ δῆμος ὃν Λακιάδας ὀνομάζουσιν ἀπὸ τούτου, καὶ Νικοκλέους Ταραντίνου ἐστὶ μνῆμα, ὃς ἐπὶ μέγιστον δόξης κιθαρῳδῶν ἁπάντων ἦλθεν.
The opening προελθοῦσι is a dative circumstantial participle with an implicit subject (visitors/travelers); τέμενος and μνῆμα are coordinated predicates/locative descriptions. The relative ὃς refers to Νικοκλέους and ἐπὶ μέγιστον δόξης expresses the extent of his fame. Λακίου and Ταραντίνου are genitives dependent on the respective memorial/sanctuary nouns.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθοῦσι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial dative participle, understood subject ‘when/after they had proceeded a little’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 προελθοῦσι | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative of extent. |
| 4 | Λακίου | Λάκιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τέμενός | nmod | high | Personal name in the genitive. |
| 5 | τέμενός | τέμενος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of ἐστιν. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἥρωος | ἥρως | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τέμενός | nmod | high | Genitive identifying the hero commemorated. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 δῆμος | cc | high | |
| 9 | δῆμος | δῆμος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated nominative subject/predicate description. |
| 10 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | R-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ὀνομάζουσιν; antecedent δῆμος. |
| 11 | Λακιάδας | Λακιάδαι | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative/name assigned to the deme. |
| 12 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 δῆμος | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause verb; implicit subject ‘they’. |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 τούτου | case | high | |
| 14 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό, ‘from this man’. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 μνῆμα | cc | high | |
| 17 | Νικοκλέους | Νικοκλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive personal name dependent on μνῆμα. |
| 18 | Ταραντίνου | Ταραντῖνος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Νικοκλέους | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/appositionally with Νικοκλέους. |
| 19 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 μνῆμα | cop | high | Copula in the coordinated nominal clause. |
| 20 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated nominative subject/description. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 μνῆμα | punct | high | |
| 22 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | R-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 28 ἦλθεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Νικοκλέους. |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 μέγιστον | case | high | With accusative, marks extent. |
| 24 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | A-ASN-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἦλθεν | obl | high | Accusative extent with ἐπί; ‘to the greatest degree’. |
| 25 | δόξης | δόξα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 μέγιστον | nmod | high | Genitive of respect/content, ‘in fame’. |
| 26 | κιθαρῳδῶν | κιθαρῳδός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 δόξης | nmod | high | Partitive/comparative genitive: among citharodes. |
| 27 | ἁπάντων | ἅπας | ADJ | A-GPM-S | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 κιθαρῳδῶν | amod | high | Modifies κιθαρῳδῶν, ‘all’. |
| 28 | ἦλθεν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 μνῆμα | acl:relcl | high | Verb of the relative clause. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 μνῆμα | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ζεφύρου τε βωμὸς καὶ Δήμητρος ἱερὸν καὶ τῆς παιδός·
Existential ἔστι coordinates two nominal predicates/subjects: βωμός with Ζεφύρου τε and ἱερόν with Δήμητρος καὶ τῆς παιδός; the final genitive likely coordinates with Δήμητρος, with ellipsis or shared construction. The exact scope of καὶ τῆς παιδός is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentative use. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 βωμὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the two nominal items. |
| 4 | Ζεφύρου | Ζέφυρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βωμός. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Ζεφύρου | cc | high | Correlative/associative τε with the first genitive. |
| 6 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Nominal subject in existential construction. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἱερὸν | cc | high | Coordinates ἱερόν with βωμός. |
| 8 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητηρ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 9 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Second coordinated nominal subject/predicate. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 παιδός | cc | medium | Coordinates τῆς παιδός with Δήμητρος, though shared scope is possible. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 παιδός | det | high | |
| 12 | παιδός | παῖς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερὸν | nmod | medium | Genitive coordinated with Δήμητρος or dependent on the second nominal phrase; syntactic scope is uncertain. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χωρίῳ Φύταλόν φασιν οἴκῳ Δήμητρα δέξασθαι, καὶ τὴν θεὸν ἀντὶ τούτων δοῦναί οἱ τὸ φυτὸν τῆς συκῆς·
The first infinitival clause depends on φασιν: Φύταλον is its accusative subject, with οἴκῳ as a dative of circumstance/means and Δήμητρα as the object of δέξασθαι. The coordinated infinitive δοῦναί has θεόν as subject, οἱ as recipient, and φυτὸν as object; τούτων is governed by ἀντί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 χωρίῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | D-Dat.Sg.Neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 χωρίῳ | det | high | |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-Dat.Sg.Neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 χωρίῳ | det | high | |
| 4 | χωρίῳ | χωρίον | NOUN | N-Dat.Sg.Neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 φασιν | obl | high | Prepositional locative adjunct. |
| 5 | Φύταλόν | Φύταλος | PROPN | N-Acc.Sg.Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 δέξασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | οἴκῳ | οἶκος | NOUN | N-Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 δέξασθαι | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance or means; syntactically somewhat ambiguous. |
| 8 | Δήμητρα | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-Acc.Sg.Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 δέξασθαι | obj | high | |
| 9 | δέξασθαι | δέχομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 φασιν | ccomp | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 δέξασθαι | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 δοῦναί | cc | high | |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc.Sg.Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 13 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-Acc.Sg.Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 δοῦναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of δοῦναί. |
| 14 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 15 τούτων | case | high | |
| 15 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | D-Gen.Pl | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 16 δοῦναί | obl | high | Object of ἀντί, expressing exchange. |
| 16 | δοῦναί | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 φασιν | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive under φασιν. |
| 17 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Pp3Dat.Sg | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 δοῦναί | iobj | high | |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-Acc.Sg.Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 φυτὸν | det | high | |
| 19 | φυτὸν | φυτόν | NOUN | N-Acc.Sg.Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 δοῦναί | obj | high | |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-Gen.Sg.Fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 συκῆς | det | high | |
| 21 | συκῆς | συκῆ | NOUN | N-Gen.Sg.Fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 φυτὸν | nmod | high | |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασιν | punct | high |
μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι τῷ λόγῳ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ Φυτάλου τάφῳ·
The finite verb μαρτυρεῖ has the inscription τὸ ἐπίγραμμα as subject and takes a dative of reference (μοι) plus τῷ λόγῳ; the second τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ Φυτάλου τάφῳ is an attributive apposition specifying the inscription.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μαρτυρεῖ | μαρτυρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1D-S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | iobj | high | Dative of reference or indirect object. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | obl | high | Article agreeing with λόγῳ. |
| 5 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | obl | high | Dative complement/reference with μαρτυρεῖ. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίγραμμα | nsubj | high | Article of the subject noun phrase. |
| 7 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Article introducing an attributive/appositional specification. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 12 τάφῳ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative phrase. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τάφῳ | det | high | Article agreeing with τάφῳ. |
| 11 | Φυτάλου | Φύταλος | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τάφῳ | nmod | high | Proper name in the genitive, dependent on τάφῳ. |
| 12 | τάφῳ | τάφος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίγραμμα | obl | high | Object of ἐπί; the prepositional phrase modifies ἐπίγραμμα. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | punct | high |