Grammar parses for passage 10.38.13
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τὸ ἱερὸν ἐρείπια ἦν, ἐξ ἀρχῆς δὲ ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτὸ ἀνὴρ ἰδιώτης Φαλύσιος.
Two coordinated clauses: the sanctuary is described as ruins, then Phalysius is the subject of the building verb; ἦν agrees with neuter plural ἐρείπια in the customary plural construction. The apposition/name phrase ἀνὴρ ἰδιώτης Φαλύσιος is treated as the subject, with slight uncertainty about the exact appositional structure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἀσκληπιοῦ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐρείπια | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular clause. |
| 6 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicative noun; neuter plural with singular ἦν is a conventional construction. |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 10 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obl | high | Temporal/source adjunct, ‘from the beginning’. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ᾠκοδόμησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective joining the second clause. |
| 12 | ᾠκοδόμησεν | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἦν | conj | high | |
| 13 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 12 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obj | high | Refers to the sanctuary. |
| 14 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ᾠκοδόμησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | ἰδιώτης | ἰδιώτης | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνὴρ | amod | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘private/citizen’; appositional description of ἀνήρ. |
| 16 | Φαλύσιος | Φαλύσιος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to ἀνήρ. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦν | punct | high |
νοσήσαντι γάρ οἱ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς καὶ οὐ πολὺ ἀποδέον τυφλῷ ὁ ἐν Ἐπιδαύρῳ πέμπει θεὸς Ἀνύτην τὴν ποιήσασαν τὰ ἔπη φέρουσαν σεσημασμένην δέλτον.
The sentence has an implicit/elliptical subject for πέμπει, with ὁ ἐν Ἐπιδαύρῳ θεός as the postposed subject: the god sends Anytus. νοσήσαντι and τυφλῷ are coordinated/loosely appositional dative predicates referring to the recipient; οἱ is a dative pronoun referring to that person. The participles ποιήσασαν, φέρουσαν, and σεσημασμένην modify Ἀνύτην/its object phrase, while τὴν ποιήσασαν τὰ ἔπη φέρουσαν σεσημασμένην δέλτον is an accusative object phrase; agreement is irregular or textually difficult, so some attachments are marked uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νοσήσαντι | νοσέω | VERB | VAAP-SDM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 10 τυφλῷ | advcl | medium | Dative aorist participle, likely predicative/temporal with the recipient. |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | G- | _ | 14 πέμπει | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP3DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|Person=3 | 10 τυφλῷ | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, recipient/reference of the sending; antecedent is implicit or supplied by context. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA---AM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 5 ὀφθαλμοὺς | det | high | |
| 5 | ὀφθαλμοὺς | ὀφθαλμός | NOUN | N-----AM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 1 νοσήσαντι | obl | medium | Accusative body-part complement with νοσήσαντι, literally having diseased eyes. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἀποδέον | cc | high | |
| 7 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 9 ἀποδέον | advmod | high | |
| 8 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neutro|Number=Singular | 9 ἀποδέον | advmod | high | Neuter accusative adverbial expression, not much. |
| 9 | ἀποδέον | ἀποδέω | VERB | VPPP-SNA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neutro|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 10 τυφλῷ | advcl | medium | Adverbial participle in the expression οὐ πολὺ ἀποδέον, not far short of. |
| 10 | τυφλῷ | τυφλός | ADJ | A-S--DM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 14 πέμπει | obl | medium | Dative predicative/participant description, coordinated semantically with νοσήσαντι. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA---NM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 15 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ἐπιδαύρῳ | case | high | |
| 13 | Ἐπιδαύρῳ | Ἐπίδαυρος | PROPN | N-----DL- | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 15 θεὸς | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 14 | πέμπει | πέμπω | VERB | VPAI3S-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-----NM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 14 πέμπει | nsubj | high | Postposed subject, with ὁ ἐν Ἐπιδαύρῳ as its determiner and locative modifier. |
| 16 | Ἀνύτην | Ἄνυτος | PROPN | N-----AM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 14 πέμπει | obj | medium | Accusative personal name; likely the sent recipient or intermediary, despite the following accusative phrase. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA---AF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 23 δέλτον | det | high | Agreement with δέλτον; the intervening participles show difficult or irregular agreement. |
| 18 | ποιήσασαν | ποιέω | VERB | VAAP-SAF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 20 ἔπη | acl | low | Feminine accusative participle, apparently modifying an unexpressed feminine antecedent or reflecting a textual/agreement difficulty. |
| 19 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neutro|Number=Plural | 20 ἔπη | det | high | |
| 20 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neutro|Number=Plural | 18 ποιήσασαν | obj | high | Object of ποιήσασαν. |
| 21 | φέρουσαν | φέρω | VERB | VPAP-SAF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 23 δέλτον | acl | low | Feminine accusative participle, likely modifying an implicit feminine object/antecedent. |
| 22 | σεσημασμένην | σημαίνω | VERB | VPPP-SAF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Middle | 23 δέλτον | amod | medium | Perfect middle/passive participle modifying δέλτον; marked/inscribed. |
| 23 | δέλτον | δέλτος | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 14 πέμπει | obj | medium | Accusative object of πέμπει; the phrase preceding it is syntactically difficult. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 πέμπει | punct | high |
καὶ εὗρέ τε ἐν ταῖς χερσὶ ταῖς αὑτῆς σεσημασμένην δέλτον καὶ πλεύσασα ἐς τὴν Ναύπακτον ἐκέλευσεν ἀφελόντα τὴν σφραγῖδα Φαλύσιον ἐπιλέγεσθαι τὰ γεγραμμένα.
The subject of ἐκέλευσεν is understood from context; πλεύσασα is a nominative feminine singular circumstantial participle. ἀφελόντα is an accusative masculine singular participle agreeing with the understood/expressed object of ἐκέλευσεν (Φαλύσιον), while ἐπιλέγεσθαι is the complementary infinitive; τὰ γεγραμμένα is its accusative neuter plural object. The participial form σεσημασμένην modifies δέλτον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 εὗρέ | cc | high | |
| 2 | εὗρέ | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 εὗρέ | cc | high | Correlative/additive τε. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 χερσὶ | case | high | |
| 5 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 χερσὶ | det | high | |
| 6 | χερσὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 σεσημασμένην | obl | high | Dative of location with ἐν. |
| 7 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 αὑτῆς | det | high | |
| 8 | αὑτῆς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-G3SF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 6 χερσὶ | nmod | high | Reflexive possessive genitive; αὑτῆς is orthographic variant of αὐτῆς/ἑαυτῆς. |
| 9 | σεσημασμένην | σημαίνω | VERB | V-RMPAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 δέλτον | amod | high | |
| 10 | δέλτον | δέλτος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 εὗρέ | obj | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐκέλευσεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite verb with εὗρε. |
| 12 | πλεύσασα | πλέω | VERB | V-AAPFSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἐκέλευσεν | advcl | high | Nominative circumstantial participle, subject understood as the subject of ἐκέλευσεν. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 Ναύπακτον | case | high | |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Ναύπακτον | det | high | |
| 15 | Ναύπακτον | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πλεύσασα | obl | high | |
| 16 | ἐκέλευσεν | κελεύω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 2 εὗρέ | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with εὗρε; subject is understood from context. |
| 17 | ἀφελόντα | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-AAPMSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπιλέγεσθαι | advcl | medium | Accusative participle in the infinitival command construction; agrees with Φαλύσιον. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 σφραγῖδα | det | high | |
| 19 | σφραγῖδα | σφραγίς | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀφελόντα | obj | high | |
| 20 | Φαλύσιον | Φαλύσιος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐπιλέγεσθαι | obj | medium | Personal name; accusative subject of the infinitive ἐπιλέγεσθαι, and controller of ἀφελόντα. |
| 21 | ἐπιλέγεσθαι | ἐπιλέγω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 16 ἐκέλευσεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἐκέλευσεν. |
| 22 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 γεγραμμένα | det | high | |
| 23 | γεγραμμένα | γράφω | VERB | V-RMPNP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 21 ἐπιλέγεσθαι | obj | high | Substantivized perfect passive participle, 'the written contents'. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 εὗρέ | punct | high |
ἐλπίζων δέ τι ἐκ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ χρηστὸν ἀφαιρεῖ τὴν σφραγῖδα, καὶ ἰδὼν ἐς τὸν κηρὸν ὑγιής τε ἦν καὶ δίδωσι τῇ Ἀνύτῃ τὸ ἐν τῇ δέλτῳ γεγραμμένον, στατῆρας δισχιλίους χρυσοῦ.
The participles ἐλπίζων and ἰδών are circumstantial with the coordinated finite predicates ἀφαιρεῖ, ἦν, and δίδωσι; γεγραμμένον substantivized as the object of δίδωσι, while στατῆρας δισχιλίους χρυσοῦ is an appositional/amount complement specifying the written sum. The phrase ὑγιής τε ἦν is interpreted as the result or observation after looking into the wax.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐλπίζων | ἐλπίζω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | advcl | high | Circumstantial present participle, subject understood with finite verbs. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | cc | high | |
| 3 | τι | τις | PRON | P-INDEF-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 7 χρηστὸν | obj | medium | Indefinite neuter object of χρηστόν understood substantivally. |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Ἀσκληπιοῦ | case | high | |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀσκληπιοῦ | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 χρηστὸν | obl | high | Source with ἐκ; dependent on χρηστόν. |
| 7 | χρηστὸν | χρηστός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | obj | medium | Neuter adjective substantivized, coordinated conceptually with τι. |
| 8 | ἀφαιρεῖ | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 σφραγῖδα | det | high | |
| 10 | σφραγῖδα | σφραγίς | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | obj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 δίδωσι | cc | high | Coordinates the subsequent predicate sequence. |
| 13 | ἰδὼν | ὁράω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἦν | advcl | high | Aorist circumstantial participle. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 κηρὸν | case | high | |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 κηρὸν | det | high | |
| 16 | κηρὸν | κηρός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἰδὼν | obl | high | Object of visual inspection with ἐς. |
| 17 | ὑγιής | ὑγιής | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with ἦν. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ὑγιής | cc | medium | Postpositive enclitic coordinating ὑγιής with the following καί-linked predicate. |
| 19 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 21 δίδωσι | conj | high | Finite predicate coordinated with δίδωσι. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 δίδωσι | cc | high | |
| 21 | δίδωσι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | conj | high | Main coordinated finite predicate. |
| 22 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Ἀνύτῃ | det | high | |
| 23 | Ἀνύτῃ | Ἄνυτος | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 δίδωσι | iobj | high | Recipient of δίδωσι. |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 γεγραμμένον | det | high | |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 δέλτῳ | case | high | |
| 26 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 δέλτῳ | det | high | |
| 27 | δέλτῳ | δέλτος | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 γεγραμμένον | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 28 | γεγραμμένον | γράφω | VERB | V-RPP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 21 δίδωσι | obj | high | Substantivized perfect passive participle: the thing written. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 21 δίδωσι | punct | high | |
| 30 | στατῆρας | στατήρ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 γεγραμμένον | appos | medium | Amount/specification appositional to the written item or its implied value. |
| 31 | δισχιλίους | δισχίλιοι | NUM | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 30 στατῆρας | amod | high | |
| 32 | χρυσοῦ | χρυσοῦς | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 στατῆρας | nmod | medium | Genitive of material/value modifying στατῆρας. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 8 ἀφαιρεῖ | punct | high |