Grammar parses for passage 10.7.1
Open translation for this passage
ἔοικε δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τὸ ἱερὸν τὸ ἐν Δελφοῖς ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπων ἐπιβεβουλεῦσθαι πλείστων ἤδη.
The main difficulty is the infinitival clause with passive/agentive phrasing: τὸ ἱερὸν ... ἐπιβεβουλεῦσθαι, with ἤδη modifying the reported situation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔοικε | ἔοικα | VERB | V-PEI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate, perfect with present sense. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔοικε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Introduces genitive complement. |
| 4 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔοικε | obl | high | Adverbial phrase with ἐκ. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἱερὸν | det | high | Article modifying ἱερόν. |
| 6 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπιβεβουλεῦσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitival clause. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Δελφοῖς | det | high | Article with participial phrase. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Δελφοῖς | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 9 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Np-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἱερὸν | acl | high | Attributive participial phrase = 'the one in Delphi'. |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἀνθρώπων | case | high | Introduces agent phrase. |
| 11 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπιβεβουλεῦσθαι | obl:agent | high | Agent in passive construction. |
| 12 | ἐπιβεβουλεῦσθαι | ἐπιβουλεύω | VERB | V-RPN | Aspect=Perf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 ἔοικε | csubj | medium | Perfect infinitive, likely passive sense in context; syntax as clausal complement. |
| 13 | πλείστων | πολύς | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀνθρώπων | amod | medium | Modifies ἀνθρώπων; superlative genitive 'of very many'. |
| 14 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D | _ | 1 ἔοικε | advmod | high | Temporal/aspectual modifier. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔοικε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οὗτός τε ὁ Εὐβοεὺς λῃστὴς καὶ ἔτεσιν ὕστερον τὸ ἔθνος τὸ Φλεγυῶν, ἔτι δὲ Πύρρος ὁ Ἀχιλλέως ἐπεχείρησεν αὐτῷ, καὶ δυνάμεως μοῖρα τῆς Ξέρξου, καὶ οἱ χρόνον τε ἐπὶ πλεῖστον καὶ μάλιστα τοῦ θεοῦ τοῖς χρήμασιν ἐπελθόντες οἱ ἐν Φωκεῦσι δυνάσται, καὶ ἡ Γαλατῶν στρατιά.
The sentence is a long coordinated list of examples dependent on ἐπεχείρησεν, with several appositional noun phrases and participial modifiers compressed into nominal groups.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτός | οὗτος | PRON | PDS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 5 λῃστὴς | det | high | Demonstrative modifying the first noun phrase. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | GXi | _ | 1 οὗτός | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Εὐβοεὺς | det | high | Article with Εὐβοεὺς. |
| 4 | Εὐβοεὺς | Εὐβοεύς | PROPN | Ne | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λῃστὴς | nmod | high | Appositional ethnic adjective used substantively. |
| 5 | λῃστὴς | λῃστής | NOUN | Nb | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | nsubj | high | Predicate/topic noun phrase; taken as subject of the first clause. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | cc | high | Coordinating the following parallel exempla. |
| 7 | ἔτεσιν | ἔτος | NOUN | Nb | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of time with ὕστερον. |
| 8 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | Df | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | advmod | high | Adverbial phrase 'later by years'. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἔθνος | det | high | Article with ἔθνος. |
| 10 | ἔθνος | ἔθνος | NOUN | Nb | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐπεχείρησεν. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Φλεγυῶν | det | high | Article with Φλεγυῶν. |
| 12 | Φλεγυῶν | Φλεγύες | PROPN | Ne | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἔθνος | nmod | high | Partitive/source genitive modifying ἔθνος. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | Df | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | GXi | _ | 14 ἔτι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 16 | Πύρρος | Πύρρος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | nsubj | high | New coordinated subject. |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀχιλλέως | det | high | Article with patronymic/genitive modifier. |
| 18 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | Ne | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Πύρρος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive modifying Πύρρος. |
| 19 | ἐπεχείρησεν | ἐπιχειρέω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb governing the listed exempla. |
| 20 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3msd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | iobj | high | Dative object/indirect object with ἐπιχειρέω. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 24 μοῖρα | cc | high | Connects the next coordinated noun phrase. |
| 23 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | Nb | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 μοῖρα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of μοῖρα. |
| 24 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | Nb | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | nsubj | high | Another coordinated subject phrase. |
| 25 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 Ξέρξου | det | high | Article with Ξέρξου. |
| 26 | Ξέρξου | Ξέρξης | PROPN | Ne | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 δυνάμεως | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of δυνάμεως. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 44 δυνάσται | cc | high | Coordinating the final listed subject phrase. |
| 29 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 44 δυνάσται | det | high | Article with δυνάσται. |
| 30 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | Nb | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 ἐπελθόντες | obl | high | Accusative of extent of time. |
| 31 | τε | τε | PART | GXi | _ | 30 χρόνον | discourse | medium | Enclitic particle within the coordination. |
| 32 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 33 πλεῖστον | case | high | Preposition governing πλεῖστον. |
| 33 | πλεῖστον | πλεῖστος | ADJ | A | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 ἐπελθόντες | obl | high | Part of adverbial phrase ἐπὶ πλεῖστον. |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 35 μάλιστα | cc | high | Joins adverbs of degree/time. |
| 35 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | Df | _ | 40 ἐπελθόντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐπελθόντες. |
| 36 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 37 θεοῦ | det | high | Article with θεοῦ. |
| 37 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | Nb | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 ἐπελθόντες | obl | medium | Genitive with χρήμασιν; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 38 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 39 χρήμασιν | det | high | Article with χρήμασιν. |
| 39 | χρήμασιν | χρῆμα | NOUN | Nb | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 40 ἐπελθόντες | obl | high | Dative complement with ἐπελθόντες. |
| 40 | ἐπελθόντες | ἐπέρχομαι | VERB | VPAANPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 44 δυνάσται | amod | medium | Attributive participle modifying δυνάσται; context suggests a descriptive participial clause. |
| 41 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 44 δυνάσται | det | high | Article with δυνάσται. |
| 42 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 44 δυνάσται | case | high | Preposition introducing the locative phrase. |
| 43 | Φωκεῦσι | Φωκεύς | PROPN | Ne | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 δυνάσται | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐν. |
| 44 | δυνάσται | δυνάστης | NOUN | Nb | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | conj | high | Final coordinated noun phrase in the series. |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 46 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 49 στρατιά | cc | high | Connects the last coordinated subject. |
| 47 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 49 στρατιά | det | high | Article with στρατιά. |
| 48 | Γαλατῶν | Γαλάται | PROPN | Ne | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 στρατιά | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of στρατιά. |
| 49 | στρατιά | στρατιά | NOUN | Nb | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | conj | high | Final coordinated noun phrase. |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐπεχείρησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἔμελλε δὲ ἄρα οὐδὲ τῆς Νέρωνος ἐς πάντα ὀλιγωρίας ἀπειράτως ἕξειν, ὃς τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα πεντακοσίας θεῶν τε ἀναμὶξ ἀφείλετο καὶ ἀνθρώπων εἰκόνας χαλκᾶς.
Main clause has a periphrastic future infinitive (ἔμελλε ... ἕξειν); the relative clause ὃς ... ἀφείλετο contains a somewhat difficult genitive phrase with πεντακοσίας θεῶν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔμελλε | μέλλω | VERB | V-IXA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 11 ἕξειν | aux | high | Periphrastic future auxiliary with infinitive ἕξειν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἕξειν | advmod | medium | Negative connective modifying the infinitive phrase; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ὀλιγωρίας | det | high | Article modifying ὀλιγωρίας. |
| 6 | Νέρωνος | Νέρων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὀλιγωρίας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὀλιγωρίας. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 πάντα | case | high | Preposition governing πάντα. |
| 8 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ὀλιγωρίας | obl | high | Part of prepositional phrase. |
| 9 | ὀλιγωρίας | ὀλιγωρία | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἕξειν | obl | high | Genitive phrase with ἐς πάντα; functionally dependent on ἕξειν. |
| 10 | ἀπειράτως | ἀπειράτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἕξειν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἕξειν. |
| 11 | ἕξειν | ἔχω | VERB | V--FNA--- | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἔμελλε | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἔμελλε. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NS---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 20 ἀφείλετο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Nero. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L- --? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἀπόλλωνα | det | low | Article modifying Ἀπόλλωνα; xpos uncertain due to formatting. |
| 15 | Ἀπόλλωνα | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀφείλετο | obj | high | Direct object of ἀφείλετο. |
| 16 | πεντακοσίας | πεντακόσιοι | NUM | M-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 εἰκόνας | nummod | medium | Numeral modifying εἰκόνας; accusative feminine plural. |
| 17 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 πεντακοσίας | nmod | medium | Likely dependent of πεντακοσίας, though semantic relation is awkward; text may be corrupt or elliptical. |
| 18 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 19 ἀναμὶξ | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 19 | ἀναμὶξ | ἀναμὶξ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἀφείλετο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀφείλετο. |
| 20 | ἀφείλετο | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 13 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause verb. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἀφείλετο | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 22 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 εἰκόνας | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of εἰκόνας. |
| 23 | εἰκόνας | εἰκών | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἀφείλετο | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἀφείλετο. |
| 24 | χαλκᾶς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 εἰκόνας | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of εἰκόνας. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀφείλετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |