Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 2.2.1

← 2.1.92.2.2 →

Passage 2.2.1

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
57Greek tokens
2,231input tokens
4,106output tokens
Sentence 1

2.2.1 sentence 1

Tokens
22
Input
776
Output
1,560
Total
2,336

τοῦ περιβόλου δέ ἐστιν ἐντὸς Παλαίμονος ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ναός, ἀγάλματα δὲ ἐν αὐτῷ Ποσειδῶν καὶ Λευκοθέα καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ Παλαίμων.

The sentence is paratactic and somewhat elliptical; I analyze the first clause with ναός as the root/predicate nominal and the second list of statues as a coordinated continuation headed by Ποσειδῶν.

nmod punct conj cop nsubj case nmod discourse cc conj amod det discourse case obl punct case obl cc det root root 1 τοῦ ὁ / DET 2 περιβόλου περίβολος / NOUN 3 δέ δέ / PART 4 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 5 ἐντὸς ἐντός / ADP 6 Παλαίμονος Παλαίμων / PROPN 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 ἀριστερᾷ ἀριστερός / ADJ 9 ναός ναός / NOUN 10 , , / PUNCT 11 ἀγάλματα ἄγαλμα / NOUN 12 δὲ δέ / PART 13 ἐν ἐν / ADP 14 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 15 Ποσειδῶν Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 16 καὶ καί / CCONJ 17 Λευκοθέα Λευκοθέα / PROPN 18 καὶ καί / CCONJ 19 αὐτὸς αὐτός / ADJ 20 ὁ / DET 21 Παλαίμων Παλαίμων / PROPN 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦDETT-DSMCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art2 περιβόλουdethighArticle modifying περιβόλου.
2περιβόλουπερίβολοςNOUNN-DSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ναόςnmodhighGenitive dependent of ναός.
3δέδέPARTG_4 ἐστινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
4ἐστινεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act9 ναόςcophighCopula with ναός as predicate nominal.
5ἐντὸςἐντόςADPR_2 περιβόλουcasemediumLikely adverbial/prepositional use taking genitive περιβόλου.
6ΠαλαίμονοςΠαλαίμωνPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ναόςnmodhighGenitive complement of ἐντός / locative frame.
7ἐνἐνADPR_8 ἀριστερᾷcasehighPreposition governing ἀριστερᾷ.
8ἀριστερᾷἀριστερόςADJA-DFSCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ναόςoblmediumDative of location with ἐν.
9ναόςναόςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighMain predicate nominal with ἐστιν.
10,,PUNCT__9 ναόςpuncthighPunctuation.
11ἀγάλματαἄγαλμαNOUNN-NPNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur15 ΠοσειδῶνnsubjhighSubject of implied/copular clause with are listed statues.
12δὲδέPARTG_15 ΠοσειδῶνdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
13ἐνἐνADPR_14 αὐτῷcasehighPreposition governing αὐτῷ.
14αὐτῷαὐτόςPRONP-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs15 ΠοσειδῶνoblhighLocative complement with ἐν.
15ΠοσειδῶνΠοσειδῶνPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing0 ROOTrootlowSecond predicative/elliptical clause; treated as root of paratactic continuation.
16καὶκαίCCONJC_17 ΛευκοθέαcchighCoordination.
17ΛευκοθέαΛευκοθέαPROPNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing15 ΠοσειδῶνconjhighCoordinated with Ποσειδῶν.
18καὶκαίCCONJC_21 ΠαλαίμωνcchighCoordination.
19αὐτὸςαὐτόςADJA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 ΠαλαίμωνamodhighIntensive modifier of ὁ Παλαίμων.
20DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art21 ΠαλαίμωνdethighArticle modifying Παλαίμων.
21ΠαλαίμωνΠαλαίμωνPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 ΠοσειδῶνconjhighFinal coordinated nominative.
22..PUNCT__15 ΠοσειδῶνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 2

2.2.1 sentence 2

Tokens
20
Input
752
Output
1,417
Total
2,169

ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλο Ἄδυτον καλούμενον, κάθοδος δὲ ἐς αὐτὸ ὑπόγεως, ἔνθα δὴ τὸν Παλαίμονα κεκρύφθαι φασίν·

The syntax is loosely paratactic: ἔστι governs the first clause, while φασίν introduces an indirect statement with infinitive κεκρύφθαι.

conj nsubj punct punct advmod nsubj amod discourse obl case discourse advmod amod acl discourse det obj ccomp punct root 1 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 καὶ καί / PART 4 ἄλλο ἄλλος / ADJ 5 Ἄδυτον Ἄδυτον / NOUN 6 καλούμενον καλέω / VERB 7 , , / PUNCT 8 κάθοδος κάθοδος / NOUN 9 δὲ δέ / PART 10 ἐς εἰς / ADP 11 αὐτὸ αὐτός / PRON 12 ὑπόγεως ὑπόγειος / ADJ 13 , , / PUNCT 14 ἔνθα ἔνθα / ADV 15 δὴ δή / PART 16 τὸν ὁ / DET 17 Παλαίμονα Παλαίμων / PROPN 18 κεκρύφθαι κρύπτω / VERB 19 φασίν φημί / VERB 20 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἔστιεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain existential/copular verb.
2δὲδέPART__1 ἔστιdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
3καὶκαίPART__4 ἄλλοadvmodmediumFocus/additive particle modifying ἄλλο.
4ἄλλοἄλλοςADJA-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἌδυτονamodhighPredicate adjective modifying Ἄδυτον.
5ἌδυτονἌδυτονNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing1 ἔστιnsubjhighSubject of ἔστι.
6καλούμενονκαλέωVERBV-PPP-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid5 ἌδυτονaclhighParticipial modifier of Ἄδυτον.
7,,PUNCT__1 ἔστιpuncthighPunctuation.
8κάθοδοςκάθοδοςNOUNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 ἔστιnsubjmediumSecond coordinate subject with Ἄδυτον/ἔστι.
9δὲδέPART__8 κάθοδοςdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
10ἐςεἰςADP__8 κάθοδοςcasehighPreposition.
11αὐτὸαὐτόςPRONP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs8 κάθοδοςoblhighObject of ἐς.
12ὑπόγεωςὑπόγειοςADJA-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 κάθοδοςamodlowLikely adjective agreeing with κάθοδος, though form is ambiguous.
13,,PUNCT__8 κάθοδοςpuncthighPunctuation.
14ἔνθαἔνθαADV__19 φασίνadvmodhighRelative/adverbial marker of the following clause.
15δὴδήPART__19 φασίνdiscoursehighModal/emphatic particle.
16τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art17 ΠαλαίμοναdethighArticle.
17ΠαλαίμοναΠαλαίμωνPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 κεκρύφθαιobjhighObject of infinitive.
18κεκρύφθαικρύπτωVERBV-RPNTense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass19 φασίνccomphighComplement infinitive of φασίν.
19φασίνφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act1 ἔστιconjmediumCoordinated with ἔστι; introduces reported statement.
20··PUNCT__19 φασίνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 4

2.2.1 sentence 4

Tokens
15
Input
703
Output
1,129
Total
1,832

καὶ δὴ ἱερόν ἐστιν ἀρχαῖον Κυκλώπων καλούμενος βωμός, καὶ θύουσιν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Κύκλωψι.

The first clause has a somewhat loose copular/predicative structure; ἱερόν and ἀρχαῖον are best treated as predicative modifiers of βωμός, though the surface agreement is not fully straightforward.

punct amod cop cc amod conj iobj discourse nmod obl acl punct cc case root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 δὴ δή / PART 3 ἱερόν ἱερός / ADJ 4 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 5 ἀρχαῖον ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 6 Κυκλώπων Κύκλωψ / PROPN 7 καλούμενος καλέω / VERB 8 βωμός βωμός / NOUN 9 , , / PUNCT 10 καὶ καί / CCONJ 11 θύουσιν θύω / VERB 12 ἐπʼ ἐπί / ADP 13 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 14 Κύκλωψι Κύκλωψ / PROPN 15 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJ__4 ἐστινcchighCoordinating conjunction linking the two clauses.
2δὴδήPART__4 ἐστινdiscoursehighEnclitic particle.
3ἱερόνἱερόςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing8 βωμόςamodlowLikely predicate or attributive adjective modifying βωμός; form is nominative/accusative neuter sg.
4ἐστινεἰμίAUX_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act8 βωμόςcophighCopular verb.
5ἀρχαῖονἀρχαῖοςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing8 βωμόςamodlowAgreement with βωμός is syntactically odd; likely intended as predicate adjective or adverbial description.
6ΚυκλώπωνΚύκλωψPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 βωμόςnmodhighGenitive dependent of βωμός, expressing association/possession.
7καλούμενοςκαλέωVERB_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid8 βωμόςaclhighAttributive participle modifying βωμός.
8βωμόςβωμόςNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighMain predicative nominal of the first clause.
9,,PUNCT__8 βωμόςpuncthighPunctuation.
10καὶκαίCCONJ__11 θύουσινcchighCoordinating conjunction for the second clause.
11θύουσινθύωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act8 βωμόςconjhighSecond coordinated finite verb.
12ἐπʼἐπίADP_Case=Dat13 αὐτῷcasehighPreposition governing dative.
13αὐτῷαὐτόςPRON_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs11 θύουσινoblhighPrepositional object.
14ΚύκλωψιΚύκλωψPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 θύουσινiobjmediumDative of recipients/beneficiaries of sacrifice; could also be viewed as oblique.
15..PUNCT__8 βωμόςpuncthighPunctuation.
← 2.1.92.2.2 →