Grammar parses for passage 2.3.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀγορᾶς ἐξιόντων τὴν ἐπὶ Λεχαίου προπύλαιά ἐστι καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν ἅρματα ἐπίχρυσα, τὸ μὲν Φαέθοντα Ἡλίου παῖδα, τὸ δὲ Ἥλιον αὐτὸν φέρον.
The sentence uses a genitive absolute (ἐκ ... ἐξιόντων) and a presentational ἐστι with coordinated ἅρματα; φέρον is an accusative neuter singular participle whose agreement is difficult against plural ἅρματα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 5 ἐξιόντων | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἀγορᾶς | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀγορᾶς | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξιόντων | obl | high | |
| 5 | ἐξιόντων | ἔξειμι | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἐστι | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; subject is understood/elliptical. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 προπύλαιά | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 8 Λεχαίου | case | high | |
| 8 | Λεχαίου | Λέχαιον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 προπύλαιά | nmod | high | |
| 9 | προπύλαιά | προπύλαιον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐξιόντων | obj | high | |
| 10 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational construction. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἅρματα | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 13 αὐτῶν | case | high | |
| 13 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 14 ἅρματα | nmod | medium | Genitive with ἐπί; antecedent is the propylaea. |
| 14 | ἅρματα | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστι | conj | medium | Coordinated presentational object/predicate with προπύλαια understood. |
| 15 | ἐπίχρυσα | ἐπίχρυσος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἅρματα | amod | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Φαέθοντα | det | high | Article substantivizes the accusative object phrase. |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 27 φέρον | advmod | high | Correlative μέν with δέ at token 24. |
| 19 | Φαέθοντα | Φαέθων | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 φέρον | obj | high | |
| 20 | Ἡλίου | ἥλιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 παῖδα | nmod | high | |
| 21 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Φαέθοντα | appos | high | Apposition: Phaethon, son of Helios. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 27 φέρον | punct | high | |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 Ἥλιον | det | high | Article substantivizes the second accusative object phrase. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 φέρον | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν at token 18. |
| 25 | Ἥλιον | Ἥλιος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 φέρον | obj | high | |
| 26 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int | 25 Ἥλιον | advmod | medium | Intensive use, ‘Helios himself’; analyzed as an emphatic modifier. |
| 27 | φέρον | φέρω | VERB | V-PAP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἅρματα | acl | medium | Participial modifier of ἅρματα; accusative neuter singular agrees with an understood singular collective/each chariot, despite plural ἅρματα. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἐστι | punct | high |
ὀλίγον δὲ ἀπωτέρω τῶν προπυλαίων ἐσιοῦσιν ἐν δεξιᾷ ἐστιν Ἡρακλῆς χαλκοῦς.
Locative clause: Ἡρακλῆς χαλκοῦς ἐστιν, with ἐν δεξιᾷ and ἀπωτέρω τῶν προπυλαίων locating the statue; ἐσιοῦσιν is a dative plural circumstantial participle, ‘for those entering’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 ἀπωτέρω | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying ἀπωτέρω. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπωτέρω | ADV | ADV.COMP | Degree=Cmp | 9 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, ‘farther away’. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 προπυλαίων | det | high | |
| 5 | προπυλαίων | προπύλαιον | NOUN | N---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπωτέρω | obl | high | Genitive complement of the comparative adverb. |
| 6 | ἐσιοῦσιν | εἴσειμι | VERB | VPAPDMP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστιν | advcl | medium | Present active participle, dative plural; construed circumstantially with an implicit dative ‘for those entering’. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 8 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 8 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine dative, ‘on the right’. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 10 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Nominative subject. |
| 11 | χαλκοῦς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective, ‘bronze’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |
μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸν ἔσοδός ἐστι τῆς Πειρήνης ἐς τὸ ὕδωρ.
The sentence is existential/locative: ‘after it, there is an entrance of Peirene into the water’; the genitive depends on ἔσοδος, and ἐς τὸ ὕδωρ marks direction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 3 αὐτὸν | case | high | Postpositive in form order; governs αὐτόν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἔσοδός | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 ἔσοδός | obl | high | Accusative object of μετά, meaning ‘after it/him’. |
| 4 | ἔσοδός | ἔσοδος | NOUN | N-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Predicate subject with ἐστί. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/locative predicate. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Πειρήνης | det | high | Article agreeing with Πειρήνης. |
| 7 | Πειρήνης | Πειρήνη | PROPN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἔσοδός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent specifying the entrance, ‘of Peirene’. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 10 ὕδωρ | case | high | Governs τὸ ὕδωρ. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article agreeing with ὕδωρ. |
| 10 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἔσοδός | obl | high | Goal/direction complement: entrance into the water. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτῇ λέγουσιν ὡς ἥ Πειρήνη γένοιτο ὑπὸ δακρύων ἐξ ἀνθρώπου πηγή, τὸν παῖδα ὀδυρομένη Κεγχρίαν ὑπὸ Ἀρτέμιδος ἀκούσης ἀποθανόντα.
Main clause λέγουσιν takes a content clause introduced by ὡς; γένοιτο is optative in reported speech. The participial phrase τὸν παῖδα ... ἀποθανόντα supplies the circumstance explaining the formation of the spring, with ἀκούσης agreeing with Ἀρτέμιδος and governing the participle accusatively in an infinitival/participial construction; exact attachment of ἀκούσης is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 3 αὐτῇ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-D3F-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 λέγουσιν | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, referring to the spring/place previously mentioned. |
| 4 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 γένοιτο | mark | high | Introduces reported-content clause. |
| 6 | ἥ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Πειρήνη | det | high | Form is orthographically ἥ here; article for Πειρήνη. |
| 7 | Πειρήνη | Πειρήνη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 γένοιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | γένοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Aorist middle optative in reported discourse. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 δακρύων | case | high | |
| 10 | δακρύων | δάκρυον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 γένοιτο | obl | high | Genitive source/cause with ὑπό. |
| 11 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ἀνθρώπου | case | high | |
| 12 | ἀνθρώπου | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πηγή | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πηγή, ‘from a human being’. |
| 13 | πηγή | πηγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 γένοιτο | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement of γένοιτο: ‘became a spring’; nominative is retained. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 πηγή | punct | high | |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 16 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὀδυρομένη | obj | high | Accusative object of ὀδυρομένη. |
| 17 | ὀδυρομένη | ὀδύρομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 Πειρήνη | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with Πειρήνη. |
| 18 | Κεγχρίαν | Κεγχρίας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 παῖδα | appos | medium | Apposition to παῖδα. |
| 19 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 Ἀρτέμιδος | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀκούσης | obl | high | Agent/source with ἀκούσης. |
| 21 | ἀκούσης | ἀκούω | VERB | V-AAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ὀδυρομένη | advcl | low | Genitive feminine participle agreeing with Ἀρτέμιδος; likely ‘when Artemis heard’, though attachment and construction are uncertain. |
| 22 | ἀποθανόντα | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἀκούσης | ccomp | low | Accusative participle, likely dependent on ἀκούσης (‘heard [him] die’); exact syntactic analysis is uncertain. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | punct | high |