Grammar parses for passage 3.25.7
Open translation for this passage
ἀναθήματα δὲ ἄλλα τέ ἐστιν ἐπὶ Ταινάρῳ καὶ Ἀρίων ὁ κιθαρῳδὸς χαλκοῦς ἐπὶ δελφῖνος.
The sentence presents offerings at Tainaron and separately identifies a bronze Arion/citharoede on a dolphin; δελφῖνος is analyzed as genitive after ἐπί, despite formal case syncretism.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναθήματα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | Nb———n— | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C——— | _ | 5 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A———n— | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 ἀναθήματα | amod | high | |
| 4 | τέ | τε | CCONJ | C——— | _ | 8 καὶ | cc | high | Correlative/additive τε. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V—PIA—3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational copular verb. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R——— | _ | 7 Ταινάρῳ | case | high | With dative, indicating location. |
| 7 | Ταινάρῳ | Ταίναρον | PROPN | Ne—ds— | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 ἀναθήματα | nmod | medium | Place-name; dative governed by ἐπί. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C——— | _ | 5 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second presentational clause. |
| 9 | Ἀρίων | Ἀρίων | PROPN | Ne—ns— | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 11 κιθαρῳδὸς | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Pd—msn— | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 11 κιθαρῳδὸς | det | high | |
| 11 | κιθαρῳδὸς | κιθαρῳδός | NOUN | Nb—msn— | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Appositional noun phrase with Ἀρίων. |
| 12 | χαλκοῦς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A—msn— | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 11 κιθαρῳδὸς | amod | high | Predicative description of Arion/the cithara-player. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R——— | _ | 14 δελφῖνος | case | high | With genitive, indicating position on. |
| 14 | δελφῖνος | δελφίς | NOUN | Nb—msg— | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 12 χαλκοῦς | nmod | medium | Genitive singular; form is ambiguous with nominative, but governed by ἐπί in the sense ‘on a dolphin’. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἐς αὐτὸν Ἀρίονα καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῷ δελφῖνι Ἡρόδοτος εἶπεν ἀκοὴν ἐν τῇ Λυδίᾳ συγγραφῇ·
Ἡρόδοτος is the subject of εἶπεν; τὰ μὲν ... καὶ τὰ ... are coordinated topicalized objects, with ἐς αὐτὸν Ἀρίονα specifying the first and ἐπὶ τῷ δελφῖνι the second. ἀκοὴν is the object/predicate content of εἶπεν, meaning a report heard in the Lydian account; the exact attachment of ἀκοὴν is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T- ανnn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 εἶπεν | obj | high | First member of the coordinated topicalized object. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 1 τὰ | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart to καί. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 εἶπεν | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Ἀρίονα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 5 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 Ἀρίονα | det | high | Intensive/pronominal modifier of Ἀρίονα. |
| 6 | Ἀρίονα | Ἀρίων | PROPN | Nbms---ma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τὰ | nmod | high | Name governed semantically by the first topicalized τὰ via the ἐς phrase. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 τὰ | cc | high | Coordinates the two τὰ phrases. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T- ανnn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 εἶπεν | obj | high | Second coordinated topicalized object. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 δελφῖνι | case | high | Preposition governing dative here. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 δελφῖνι | det | high | Article with δελφῖνι. |
| 11 | δελφῖνι | δελφίς | NOUN | Nbms---md | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 τὰ | nmod | high | Dative complement of ἐπί; specifies the second topic. |
| 12 | Ἡρόδοτος | Ἡρόδοτος | PROPN | Nbms---mn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἶπεν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶπεν. |
| 13 | εἶπεν | λέγω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 14 | ἀκοὴν | ἀκοή | NOUN | Nsf----a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 εἶπεν | obj | medium | Accusative content/object, elliptically ‘a report’; exact relation to the topicalized τὰ is syntactically compressed. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 συγγραφῇ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Λυδίᾳ | det | high | Article with Λυδίᾳ. |
| 17 | Λυδίᾳ | Λυδία | PROPN | Nbfs---fd | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 συγγραφῇ | nmod | high | Lydia, governed by ἐν. |
| 18 | συγγραφῇ | συγγραφή | NOUN | Nsf----d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀκοὴν | obl | high | ‘In the Lydian account/history’; adjunct of the reported content. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἶπεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὸν δὲ ἐν Ποροσελήνῃ δελφῖνα τῷ παιδὶ σῶστρα ἀποδιδόντα, ὅτι συγκοπέντα ὑπὸ ἁλιέων αὐτὸν ἰάσατο, τοῦτον τὸν δελφῖνα εἶδον καὶ καλοῦντι τῷ παιδὶ ὑπακούοντα καὶ φέροντα, ὁπότε ἐποχεῖσθαί οἱ βούλοιτο.
Main predicate εἶδον takes an object-chain: τοῦτον τὸν δελφῖνα, modified by participles ὑπακούοντα and φέροντα; the initial accusative participial phrase δελφῖνα ... ἀποδιδόντα is a resumptive/topic-like object description. In ὅτι-clause, αὐτόν is the object of ἰάσατο, while συγκοπέντα is an accusative participle agreeing with it; οἱ is dative with ἐποχεῖσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 δελφῖνα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 21 εἶδον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 4 Ποροσελήνῃ | case | high | |
| 4 | Ποροσελήνῃ | Ποροσελήνη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀποδιδόντα | obl | medium | Place name; spelling/transliteration may be variant. |
| 5 | δελφῖνα | δελφῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀποδιδόντα | obj | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 παιδὶ | det | high | |
| 7 | παιδὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀποδιδόντα | iobj | high | |
| 8 | σῶστρα | σῶστρον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἀποδιδόντα | obj | medium | Accusative plural, object of ἀποδιδόντα: ‘requital/reward’. |
| 9 | ἀποδιδόντα | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 εἶδον | acl | medium | Participial description of the dolphin, with an elliptical/resumptive construction. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀποδιδόντα | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C | _ | 16 ἰάσατο | mark | high | Causal/content conjunction; here introduces the explanatory clause. |
| 12 | συγκοπέντα | συγκόπτω | VERB | V-APP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 αὐτὸν | acl | medium | Accusative participle agreeing with αὐτόν; passive sense ‘having been injured/cut’. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 14 ἁλιέων | case | high | |
| 14 | ἁλιέων | ἁλιεύς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 συγκοπέντα | obl:agent | high | |
| 15 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 16 ἰάσατο | obj | high | |
| 16 | ἰάσατο | ἰάομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 21 εἶδον | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὅτι clause. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἰάσατο | punct | high | |
| 18 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 20 δελφῖνα | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 δελφῖνα | det | high | |
| 20 | δελφῖνα | δελφῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 εἶδον | obj | high | |
| 21 | εἶδον | ὁράω | VERB | V-2AAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 ὑπακούοντα | cc | high | Coordinates participial modifiers. |
| 23 | καλοῦντι | καλέω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 παιδὶ | acl | medium | Agrees with τῷ παιδί; dative participle, ‘when/while calling’. |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 παιδὶ | det | high | |
| 25 | παιδὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ὑπακούοντα | obl | medium | Dative with ὑπακούοντα; also controls the dative participle καλοῦντι. |
| 26 | ὑπακούοντα | ὑπακούω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 δελφῖνα | acl | high | Agrees with δελφῖνα. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 28 φέροντα | cc | high | |
| 28 | φέροντα | φέρω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 ὑπακούοντα | conj | high | Coordinated with ὑπακούοντα; object understood from context is the child. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 φέροντα | punct | high | |
| 30 | ὁπότε | ὁπότε | SCONJ | C | _ | 33 βούλοιτο | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 31 | ἐποχεῖσθαί | ἐποχεῖσθαι | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 33 βούλοιτο | xcomp | medium | Infinitive governed by βούλοιτο; lexical lemma conventionally uncertain between ἐποχεύω/ἐποχέομαι. |
| 32 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-D3S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 31 ἐποχεῖσθαί | obl | medium | Dative of the person riding/being carried. |
| 33 | βούλοιτο | βούλομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 21 εἶδον | advcl | high | Optative in temporal clause, with ἐποχεῖσθαι as infinitival complement. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 εἶδον | punct | high |