Grammar parses for passage 4.5.1
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν δὴ Πολυχάρους τε ἕνεκα οὐκ ἐκδοθέντος σφίσι καὶ διὰ τὸν Τηλέκλου φόνον, καὶ πρότερον ἔτι ὑπόπτως ἔχοντες διὰ τὸ Κρεσφόντου κακούργημα ἐς τὸν κλῆρον, πολεμῆσαι λέγουσι·
Main predicate λέγουσι governs the infinitive πολεμῆσαι; Λακεδαιμόνιοι is its subject. The participial phrases give stated causes, with ἐκδοθέντος understood as genitive absolute and ἔχοντες agreeing with the Spartans; attachment of the coordinated διὰ phrases is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Nb-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is not present in this sentence. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Πολυχάρους | Πολύχαρος | PROPN | Nb-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐκδοθέντος | nmod | medium | Genitive with ἕνεκα. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 6 ἕνεκα | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | r-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | obl | high | Postposition governing Πολυχάρους. |
| 7 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 8 ἐκδοθέντος | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἐκδοθέντος | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | V-papmng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 ἕνεκα | acl | medium | Genitive absolute, with implicit or contextually recoverable masculine singular subject; syntactically linked to the causal phrase. |
| 9 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-pd--k | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 8 ἐκδοθέντος | obl | medium | Dative of disadvantage/reference: 'not having been delivered to them'. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 11 διὰ | cc | high | |
| 11 | διὰ | διά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | obl | high | Causal preposition governing the accusative phrase. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φόνον | det | high | |
| 13 | Τηλέκλου | Τήλεκλος | PROPN | Nb-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φόνον | nmod | high | |
| 14 | φόνον | φόνος | NOUN | Nb-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διὰ | obl | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | cc | high | Coordinates the second causal participial phrase with the preceding causes. |
| 17 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | d-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | |
| 18 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | |
| 19 | ὑπόπτως | ὕποπτος | ADV | d-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-papamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 λέγουσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial/causal participle agreeing with Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 21 | διὰ | διά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | obl | high | Causal preposition governed within the participial phrase. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 κακούργημα | det | high | |
| 23 | Κρεσφόντου | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | Nb-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 κακούργημα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κακούργημα. |
| 24 | κακούργημα | κακούργημα | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 διὰ | obl | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 27 κλῆρον | case | high | |
| 26 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 κλῆρον | det | high | |
| 27 | κλῆρον | κλῆρος | NOUN | Nb-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 κακούργημα | nmod | medium | Accusative of reference with κακούργημα: wrongdoing against/in relation to the allotment or inheritance. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 29 | πολεμῆσαι | πολεμέω | VERB | V--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 30 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on λέγουσι, with Λακεδαιμόνιοι as understood subject. |
| 30 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-ppia--3p | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 λέγουσι | punct | high |
Μεσσήνιοι δὲ περὶ Τηλέκλου ἀντιλέγουσι τὰ εἰρημένα ἤδη μοι καὶ Αἴπυτον τὸν Κρεσφόντου συγκαταχθέντα ἀποφαίνουσιν ὑπὸ Ἀριστοδήμου τῶν παίδων, ὃ μήποτʼ ἂν ποιῆσαι σφᾶς Κρεσφόντῃ γε ὄντας διαφόρους.
The sentence coordinates ἀντιλέγουσιν with ἀποφαίνουσιν; the final relative clause is elliptical, with ὄντας διαφόρους governing an infinitival clause whose modal force is marked by ἂν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Nbmp | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Τηλέκλου | case | high | |
| 4 | Τηλέκλου | Τήλεκλος | PROPN | Nsgm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | obl | high | |
| 5 | ἀντιλέγουσι | ἀντιλέγω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P---NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 εἰρημένα | det | high | |
| 7 | εἰρημένα | ἐρῶ | VERB | VPRNNPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | obj | high | Substantivized perfect passive participle. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 εἰρημένα | advmod | high | |
| 9 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P1-SD---- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 7 εἰρημένα | obl | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second accusative participial construction. |
| 11 | Αἴπυτον | Αἴπυτος | PROPN | Nsam | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | obj | high | |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P-SAM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 συγκαταχθέντα | det | high | |
| 13 | Κρεσφόντου | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | Nsgm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Αἴπυτον | nmod | high | |
| 14 | συγκαταχθέντα | συγκατάγω | VERB | VAPM-SAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | xcomp | high | Accusative participle in the αποφαίνουσιν complement. |
| 15 | ἀποφαίνουσιν | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | conj | high | |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ἀριστοδήμου | case | high | |
| 17 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | Nsgm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 συγκαταχθέντα | obl:agent | high | |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 παίδων | det | high | |
| 19 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἀριστοδήμου | nmod | medium | Genitive apposition/specification with Aristodemus, ‘of the sons’; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | u-------- | _ | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 21 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | P-SAN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 24 ποιῆσαι | obj | medium | Relative accusative understood with ποιῆσαι; refers to the preceding proposition/action. |
| 22 | μήποτʼ | μήποτε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 24 ποιῆσαι | advmod | high | |
| 23 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | G-------- | _ | 24 ποιῆσαι | aux | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 24 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | VAA----A- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 28 ὄντας | xcomp | medium | Infinitive dependent on ὄντας διαφόρους; construction is semantically elliptical. |
| 25 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P----A--- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 24 ποιῆσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ποιῆσαι. |
| 26 | Κρεσφόντῃ | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | Nsdm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 διαφόρους | obl | medium | Dative complement with διαφόρους, expressing opposition/estrangement. |
| 27 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 28 ὄντας | advmod | high | |
| 28 | ὄντας | εἰμί | AUX | VPP-AAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ποιῆσαι | advcl | medium | Predicative participle with σφᾶς; formally accusative masculine plural. |
| 29 | διαφόρους | διάφορος | ADJ | A--APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ὄντας | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with σφᾶς through ὄντας. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | u-------- | _ | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | punct | high |