Grammar parses for passage 4.5.1
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν δὴ Πολυχάρους τε ἕνεκα οὐκ ἐκδοθέντος σφίσι καὶ διὰ τὸν Τηλέκλου φόνον, καὶ πρότερον ἔτι ὑπόπτως ἔχοντες διὰ τὸ Κρεσφόντου κακούργημα ἐς τὸν κλῆρον, πολεμῆσαι λέγουσι·
The sentence has several participial and prepositional causal phrases; I attach the initial causal material and the participle ἔχοντες as adverbial to the main verb λέγουσι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσι. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Emphatic particle modifying the clause. |
| 4 | Πολυχάρους | Πολυχάρης | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἕνεκα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἕνεκα. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 Πολυχάρους | cc | high | Enclitic conjunction within the genitive phrase. |
| 6 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | advcl | medium | Marks causal phrase; governs genitive Πολυχάρους. |
| 7 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 8 ἐκδοθέντος | advmod | high | Negation of participle. |
| 8 | ἐκδοθέντος | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | V-sapmg--- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 ἕνεκα | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with σφίσι. |
| 9 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐκδοθέντος | obl | high | Dative argument of ἐκδοθέντος. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 διὰ | cc | high | Coordinates causal phrases. |
| 11 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσι | advmod | high | Introduces causal phrase with accusative. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φόνον | det | high | Article modifying φόνον. |
| 13 | Τηλέκλου | Τήλεκλος | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φόνον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of φόνον. |
| 14 | φόνον | φόνος | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διὰ | obl | high | Object of διὰ. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | cc | high | Coordinates with preceding causal phrase. |
| 17 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοντες. |
| 18 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοντες. |
| 19 | ὑπόπτως | ὑπόπτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοντες. |
| 20 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-papamn- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 λέγουσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 21 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 ἔχοντες | obl | high | Introduces causal phrase with accusative. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 κακούργημα | det | high | Article modifying κακούργημα. |
| 23 | Κρεσφόντου | Κρέσφων | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 κακούργημα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of κακούργημα. |
| 24 | κακούργημα | κακούργημα | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 διὰ | obl | high | Object of διὰ. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 πολεμῆσαι | obl | high | Preposition governing κλῆρον. |
| 26 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 κλῆρον | det | high | Article modifying κλῆρον. |
| 27 | κλῆρον | κλῆρος | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | πολεμῆσαι | πολεμέω | VERB | V-aon--- | Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 30 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on λέγουσι. |
| 30 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Μεσσήνιοι δὲ περὶ Τηλέκλου ἀντιλέγουσι τὰ εἰρημένα ἤδη μοι καὶ Αἴπυτον τὸν Κρεσφόντου συγκαταχθέντα ἀποφαίνουσιν ὑπὸ Ἀριστοδήμου τῶν παίδων, ὃ μήποτʼ ἂν ποιῆσαι σφᾶς Κρεσφόντῃ γε ὄντας διαφόρους.
The final relative clause is syntactically compressed; ὃ likely resumes the preceding statement and governs an infinitival construction with participial predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀντιλέγουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | obl | high | Introduces topic phrase. |
| 4 | Τηλέκλου | Τήλεκλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 περὶ | nmod | high | Governed by περὶ. |
| 5 | ἀντιλέγουσι | ἀντιλέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 εἰρημένα | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 7 | εἰρημένα | λέγω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | obj | high | Accusative participial object/predicate complement. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 5 ἀντιλέγουσι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀντιλέγουσι. |
| 9 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 7 εἰρημένα | obl | medium | Dative with εἰρημένα: 'said to me'. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | cc | high | Connects coordinated predicate. |
| 11 | Αἴπυτον | Αἴπυτος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἀποφαίνουσιν. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Κρεσφόντου | det | high | Article modifying Κρεσφόντου. |
| 13 | Κρεσφόντου | Κρέσφων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Αἴπυτον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Αἴπυτον. |
| 14 | συγκαταχθέντα | συγκατάγω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 Αἴπυτον | amod | high | Participial modifier of Αἴπυτον. |
| 15 | ἀποφαίνουσιν | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated main verb. |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | obl | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 17 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ὑπὸ | nmod | high | Genitive with ὑπό. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 παίδων | det | high | Article with παίδων. |
| 19 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἀριστοδήμου | nmod | high | Appositional/genitive modifier after Ἀριστοδήμου. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 24 ποιῆσαι | obj | medium | Neuter relative pronoun introducing clause. |
| 22 | μήποτʼ | μήποτε | PART | _ | _ | 24 ποιῆσαι | advmod | high | Negative/modal particle in the infinitival clause. |
| 23 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 24 ποιῆσαι | advmod | high | Modal particle with infinitive. |
| 24 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ὃ | acl | medium | Infinitive governed by relative pronoun; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 25 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 24 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | Object of ποιῆσαι. |
| 26 | Κρεσφόντῃ | Κρέσφων | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ὄντας | obl | medium | Dative with ὄντας, likely 'in relation to Cresthphon'. |
| 27 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 28 ὄντας | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 28 | ὄντας | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ποιῆσαι | advcl | medium | Participial predicate associated with σφᾶς. |
| 29 | διαφόρους | διάφορος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ὄντας | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective complement of ὄντας. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀποφαίνουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |