Grammar parses for passage 4.7.10
Open translation for this passage
οὐ γὰρ περὶ γῆς μόνον οὐδὲ κτημάτων τὸν ἀγῶνα ἀπέφαινε γενησόμενον, εἰδέναι δὲ ἔφη σαφῶς ἃ νικωμένους ἐπιλήψεται.
The sentence coordinates ἀπέφαινε and ἔφη; γενησόμενον is a predicative accusative participle with τὸν ἀγῶνα, while νικωμένους is an accusative participle associated with the relative clause and is syntactically somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | ἄρνησις | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἀπέφαινε | advmod | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | μόριον | _ | 10 ἀπέφαινε | discourse | high | Explanatory postpositive particle. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | ἔκθεσις | _ | 4 γῆς | case | high | |
| 4 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπέφαινε | obl | high | |
| 5 | μόνον | μόνος | ADV | A-s---na- | Degree=Pos | 4 γῆς | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, scope over the first coordinated object. |
| 6 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 κτημάτων | cc | high | |
| 7 | κτημάτων | κτῆμα | NOUN | N-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἀπέφαινε | obl | high | |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 9 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπέφαινε | obj | high | |
| 10 | ἀπέφαινε | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | γενησόμενον | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-sfppma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἀγῶνα | xcomp | high | Predicative participle agreeing with τὸν ἀγῶνα. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔφη | punct | high | |
| 13 | εἰδέναι | οἶδα | VERB | V--rna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 ἔφη | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔφη. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 15 ἔφη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 10 ἀπέφαινε | conj | high | Coordinates a second reported predicate with ἀπέφαινε. |
| 16 | σαφῶς | σαφῶς | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 13 εἰδέναι | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | P-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 19 ἐπιλήψεται | obj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the object of ἐπιλήψεται. |
| 18 | νικωμένους | νικάω | VERB | V-papama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 ἐπιλήψεται | advcl | medium | Accusative participle, probably referring to the defeated persons understood as the subject of the relative clause. |
| 19 | ἐπιλήψεται | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V3sfim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 15 ἔφη | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀπέφαινε | punct | high |
γυναῖκας μὲν γὰρ ἀχθήσεσθαι καὶ τέκνα ἐν ἀνδραπόδων μέρει, τοῖς δὲ ἐν ἡλικίᾳ τὸ ἐλαφρότατον ἔσεσθαι θάνατον, ἢν μετʼ αἰκίας μὴ γένηται.
Two coordinated future infinitives depend on an understood reporting verb: women and children will be led away as slaves, while for those of military age the lightest death will be theirs, provided it does not occur with abuse. The phrase τοῖς ἐν ἡλικίᾳ is substantivized and refers to men of the relevant age.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | obj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | discourse | high | |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | 粒 | _ | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἀχθήσεσθαι | ἄγω | VERB | V-FMI-3S | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive in reported speech; understood subject is women and children. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 τέκνα | cc | high | |
| 6 | τέκνα | τέκνον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | obj | high | Coordinated accusative with γυναῖκας. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 μέρει | case | high | |
| 8 | ἀνδραπόδων | ἀνδράποδον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 μέρει | nmod | high | Genitive within the phrase ἐν ἀνδραπόδων μέρει. |
| 9 | μέρει | μέρος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | obl | high | ἐν + dative: in the status/lot of slaves. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | punct | high | |
| 11 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἡλικίᾳ | det | high | Substantivized article, referring to males/men. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἔσεσθαι | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μέν. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 ἡλικίᾳ | case | high | |
| 14 | ἡλικίᾳ | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἔσεσθαι | obl | high | ἐν ἡλικίᾳ: those of military/active age; article τοῖς is substantivizing. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐλαφρότατον | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐλαφρότατον | ἐλαφρός | ADJ | A-ASN-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 θάνατον | amod | high | Substantivized superlative, ‘the lightest/easiest’. |
| 17 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMI-3S | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive under the same reported-speech construction. |
| 18 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔσεσθαι | obj | high | Predicate accusative with ἔσεσθαι. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 17 ἔσεσθαι | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 γένηται | mark | high | Conditional conjunction introducing a future-more-vivid condition. |
| 21 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 αἰκίας | case | high | Elided form of μετά before vowel. |
| 22 | αἰκίας | αἰκία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 γένηται | obl | high | μετά + genitive: with insult/abuse. |
| 23 | μὴ | μή | PART | PART | _ | 24 γένηται | advmod | high | Negative particle with the subjunctive. |
| 24 | γένηται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 17 ἔσεσθαι | advcl | high | Conditional aorist subjunctive; understood subject is the death. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 ἀχθήσεσθαι | punct | high |
συλήσεσθαι δέ σφισι καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ καὶ τὰς πατρίδας ἐμπρήσεσθαι.
Coordinated infinitival predicates in an omitted reported-speech construction: σφισι is a 3rd-person plural dative pronoun (likely dative of agent/interest); τὰ ἱερά and τὰς πατρίδας are coordinated accusative subjects/objects of the passive infinitives, with the second infinitive coordinated asyndetically apart from καί linking the noun phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συλήσεσθαι | συλάω | VERB | V- inf fut mp | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Future middle infinitive, coordinated with ἐμπρήσεσθαι; passive/deponent-like sense ‘be plundered’ is context-dependent. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 συλήσεσθαι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P pers dat pl | Case=Dative|Number=Plural|Person=3 | 1 συλήσεσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun; likely dative of agent/interest with the infinitival predicates. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἱερὰ | cc | high | Coordinates the two noun phrases. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-art nom/acc n pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 6 ἱερὰ | det | high | Accusative neuter plural article. |
| 6 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | NOUN | N- n acc pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 συλήσεσθαι | nsubj:pass | medium | Neuter plural substantivized adjective, ‘sacred things/temples’; accusative subject of the passive infinitive. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐμπρήσεσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitival predicate with the first. |
| 8 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-art acc f pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 9 πατρίδας | det | high | Accusative feminine plural article. |
| 9 | πατρίδας | πατρίς | NOUN | N- f acc pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 10 ἐμπρήσεσθαι | nsubj:pass | medium | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive ἐμπρήσεσθαι. |
| 10 | ἐμπρήσεσθαι | ἐμπίμπρημι | VERB | V- inf fut mp | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Middle | 1 συλήσεσθαι | conj | high | Future middle infinitive with passive sense ‘be burned’; coordinated with συλήσεσθαι. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 συλήσεσθαι | punct | high |
λέγειν δὲ οὐκ εἰκάζων, μάρτυρα δὲ ἐναργῆ πᾶσιν εἶναι τῶν ἐγκαταληφθέντων ἐν Ἀμφείᾳ τὰ πάθη.
The sentence consists of coordinated accusative-and-infinitive complements dependent on an understood governing verb: λέγειν ... and μάρτυρα ... εἶναι. εἰκάζων is a circumstantial participle with an understood subject, while τὰ πάθη is the accusative subject of εἶναι; ἐγκαταληφθέντων is a substantivized genitive participle modifying τῶν, and πᾶσιν is a dative of reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 εἰκάζων | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in the first coordinated accusative-and-infinitive complement; higher governing verb is elided from the excerpt. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 1 λέγειν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 1 λέγειν | advmod | high | Negative particle before the participle. |
| 4 | εἰκάζων | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-PAPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Circumstantial nominative participle, likely agreeing with an understood subject; the excerpt lacks its finite governing verb. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἰκάζων | punct | high | |
| 6 | μάρτυρα | μάρτυς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εἶναι | obj | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 10 εἶναι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitival complement with the preceding λέγειν. |
| 8 | ἐναργῆ | ἐναργής | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μάρτυρα | amod | high | Agrees with μάρτυρα. |
| 9 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἶναι | obl | high | Dative of reference: ‘for all’. |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 εἰκάζων | conj | medium | Second coordinated infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐγκαταληφθέντων | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐγκαταληφθέντων | ἐγκαταλείπω | VERB | V-APPGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 16 πάθη | acl | medium | Substantivized genitive plural participle, ‘of those left behind’; its exact semantic relation to πάθη is somewhat compressed. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Ἀμφείᾳ | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἀμφείᾳ | Ἀμφεία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐγκαταληφθέντων | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 15 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P-NPN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 πάθη | det | high | |
| 16 | πάθη | πάθος | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative-and-infinitive subject is formally nominative here only if the transmitted syntax is irregular; likely intended accusative neuter plural πάθη, homographic with nominative. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἰκάζων | punct | high |