Grammar parses for passage 4.7.9
Open translation for this passage
συνιέναι δὲ ἤδη μελλόντων, ἐπεὶ παριόντες οἱ βασιλεῖς προέτρεπον τοὺς αὑτῶν, πρὸς μὲν δὴ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους βραχεῖαν κατὰ τὸ ἐπιχώριον τὴν παράκλησιν ἐποιεῖτο ὁ Θεόπομπος, τοῦ τε ὅρκου τοῦ κατὰ τῶν Μεσσηνίων ἀναμιμνήσκων καὶ ὡς καλόν σφισι τὸ φιλοτίμημα, τῶν πατέρων οἳ τοὺς περιοίκους κατεδουλώσαντο φανῆναι λαμπρότερα εἰργασμένους καὶ χώραν εὐδαιμονεστέραν προσκεκτημένους·
The opening συνιέναι depends on an omitted governing verb from context; μελλόντων is a genitive absolute with an understood subject. The ὡς clause reports the claimed honor, with φανῆναι and εἰργασμένους/προσκεκτημένους coordinated predicative complements; attachment of the genitives at 44–45 is somewhat compressed and interpreted as comparative reference to the fathers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνιέναι | σύνειμι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Infinitive likely continues an omitted/contextual governing verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 συνιέναι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D--------- | _ | 4 μελλόντων | advmod | high | |
| 4 | μελλόντων | μέλλω | VERB | V-PAPMG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 συνιέναι | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; understood subject is the impending combatants/parties. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 μελλόντων | punct | high | |
| 6 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 10 προέτρεπον | mark | high | |
| 7 | παριόντες | πάρειμι | VERB | V-PAPNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 βασιλεῖς | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject οἱ βασιλεῖς. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-----NM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 βασιλεῖς | det | high | |
| 9 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 προέτρεπον | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | προέτρεπον | προτρέπω | VERB | V-IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ἐπεί clause. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-----AM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 αὑτῶν | det | high | |
| 12 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 10 προέτρεπον | obj | high | Substantivized with τοὺς: their own men. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 προέτρεπον | punct | high | |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R--------- | _ | 18 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; no following δέ is expressed. |
| 16 | δὴ | δή | PART | -------- | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | discourse | high | |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T----AM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | |
| 18 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N--AAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | obl | high | |
| 19 | βραχεῖαν | βραχύς | ADJ | A-----AF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 παράκλησιν | amod | high | |
| 20 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 22 ἐπιχώριον | case | high | |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T---NAF- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπιχώριον | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 22 | ἐπιχώριον | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-----NA- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 παράκλησιν | obl | high | Substantivized: according to local custom. |
| 23 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-----AF- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 παράκλησιν | det | high | |
| 24 | παράκλησιν | παράκλησις | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | |
| 25 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite predicate. |
| 26 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-----NM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Θεόπομπος | det | high | |
| 27 | Θεόπομπος | Θεόπομπος | PROPN | N-----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | nsubj | high | |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high | |
| 29 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-----GM- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ὅρκου | det | high | |
| 30 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί. |
| 31 | ὅρκου | ὅρκος | NOUN | N-----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | obj | high | |
| 32 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-----GM- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ὅρκου | det | high | |
| 33 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 35 Μεσσηνίων | case | high | |
| 34 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-----GP- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | |
| 35 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ὅρκου | nmod | high | |
| 36 | ἀναμιμνήσκων | ἀναμιμνήσκω | VERB | V-PAPNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Supplementary participle agreeing with Θεόπομπος. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 39 καλόν | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported-content predicate. |
| 38 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 39 καλόν | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 39 | καλόν | καλός | ADJ | A-----NA- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | conj | medium | Predicate adjective in an implied/extracted copular ὡς clause. |
| 40 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P------D- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 39 καλόν | iobj | high | Dative of interest. |
| 41 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-----NA- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 42 φιλοτίμημα | det | high | |
| 42 | φιλοτίμημα | φιλοτίμημα | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 καλόν | nsubj | high | Subject of implied εἶναι. |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 φιλοτίμημα | punct | high | |
| 44 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-----GP- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 45 πατέρων | det | high | |
| 45 | πατέρων | πατήρ | NOUN | N-----GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 52 εἰργασμένους | obl | medium | Genitive of comparison/reference with the following participial predicates. |
| 46 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 49 κατεδουλώσαντο | nsubj | high | |
| 47 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-----AP- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 48 περιοίκους | det | high | |
| 48 | περιοίκους | περίοικος | NOUN | N-----AP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 κατεδουλώσαντο | obj | high | |
| 49 | κατεδουλώσαντο | καταδουλόω | VERB | V-AIM-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 45 πατέρων | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying πατέρων. |
| 50 | φανῆναι | φαίνω | VERB | V-2AN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 52 εἰργασμένους | xcomp | medium | Infinitive of the reported comparison; likely subject is the fathers. |
| 51 | λαμπρότερα | λαμπρός | ADJ | A-----NNC | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 50 φανῆναι | xcomp | low | Form is morphologically neuter plural comparative, but syntax may reflect an elliptical/variant agreement; uncertainty retained. |
| 52 | εἰργασμένους | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-RPPAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 50 φανῆναι | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive participle; coordinated with προσκεκτημένους, with accusative agreement likely controlled by an elided object/predicate construction. |
| 53 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 56 προσκεκτημένους | cc | high | |
| 54 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 56 προσκεκτημένους | obj | high | |
| 55 | εὐδαιμονεστέραν | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A-----AFC | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 54 χώραν | amod | high | |
| 56 | προσκεκτημένους | προσκτάομαι | VERB | V-RPPAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 52 εἰργασμένους | conj | medium | Coordinated perfect participle; middle/passive morphology is formally ambiguous, translated as having acquired. |
| 57 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high |
Εὐφαὴς δὲ μακρότερα μὲν εἶπεν ἢ ὁ Σπαρτιάτης, οὐ πλείω δὲ οὐδʼ οὗτος ἢ ἐφιέντα ἑώρα τὸν καιρόν.
Comparative coordination: μακρότερα ... ἢ ὁ Σπαρτιάτης and οὐ πλείω ... ἢ ἐφιέντα ἑώρα; ἐφιέντα is a substantivized accusative participle, likely referring to the opportunity/time being let pass, and is the object of ἑώρα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐφαὴς | Εὐφαής | PROPN | Ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἶπεν | nsubj | high | Personal name, subject of εἶπεν and understood subject of ἑώρα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 εἶπεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μακρότερα | μακρός | ADV | D-------C | Degree=Cmp | 5 εἶπεν | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, modifying εἶπεν. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 εἶπεν | cc | high | Correlative particle paired with δὲ. |
| 5 | εἶπεν | λέγω | VERB | V--AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 6 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 μακρότερα | cc | medium | Introduces the standard/complement of the comparative μακρότερα. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Lsmsn | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Σπαρτιάτης | det | high | Article with Σπαρτιάτης. |
| 8 | Σπαρτιάτης | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | Nsmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 μακρότερα | obl | medium | Elliptical comparative standard, ‘than the Spartan’; nominal rather than adjectival name analysis. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 11 πλείω | advmod | high | Negates the comparative phrase. |
| 11 | πλείω | πολύς | ADV | D-------C | Degree=Cmp | 5 εἶπεν | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘more’; paired with οὐδέ. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 πλείω | cc | high | Connective marking the second comparative clause. |
| 13 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Polarity=Neg | 15 ἢ | cc | high | Elided form of οὐδέ, coordinating the second comparative standard. |
| 14 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | Pdmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 17 ἑώρα | nsubj | high | Subject of ἑώρα, referring to Εὐφαής. |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 πλείω | cc | high | Introduces the standard/complement after πλείω. |
| 16 | ἐφιέντα | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-PPAA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἑώρα | obj | low | Substantivized accusative present participle; exact referent is elliptical/uncertain. |
| 17 | ἑώρα | ὁράω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 εἶπεν | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with εἶπεν; governs ἐφιέντα. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Lsam- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 καιρόν | det | high | Article with καιρόν. |
| 19 | καιρόν | καιρός | NOUN | Nsam | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἑώρα | obj | high | Direct object of ἑώρα, ‘the opportunity/time’. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | punct | high |