Grammar parses for passage 4.7.9
Open translation for this passage
συνιέναι δὲ ἤδη μελλόντων, ἐπεὶ παριόντες οἱ βασιλεῖς προέτρεπον τοὺς αὑτῶν, πρὸς μὲν δὴ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους βραχεῖαν κατὰ τὸ ἐπιχώριον τὴν παράκλησιν ἐποιεῖτο ὁ Θεόπομπος, τοῦ τε ὅρκου τοῦ κατὰ τῶν Μεσσηνίων ἀναμιμνήσκων καὶ ὡς καλόν σφισι τὸ φιλοτίμημα, τῶν πατέρων οἳ τοὺς περιοίκους κατεδουλώσαντο φανῆναι λαμπρότερα εἰργασμένους καὶ χώραν εὐδαιμονεστέραν προσκεκτημένους·
The sentence is highly paratactic and elliptical, with several participial phrases and a compressed reported-speech/comparative structure; some attachments, especially in the ὡς/καλόν/φιλοτίμημα segment and the final participial sequence, are necessarily approximate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνιέναι | συνίημι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | csubj | high | Articular/complement infinitive with omitted subject controlled by the clause; syntax somewhat compressed at sentence opening. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 προέτρεπον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 μελλόντων | advmod | high | Modifies the participle. |
| 4 | μελλόντων | μέλλω | VERB | V-PAPGPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 συνιέναι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συνιέναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 προέτρεπον | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction. |
| 7 | παριόντες | πάρειμι | VERB | V-PAPNPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 προέτρεπον | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main clause. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 βασιλεῖς | det | medium | Definite article; xpos uncertain. |
| 9 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 παριόντες | nsubj | high | Subject of παριόντες. |
| 10 | προέτρεπον | προτρέπω | VERB | V-IAI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Temporal/causal clause introduced by ἐπεὶ. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 αὑτῶν | det | medium | Article with possessive pronoun. |
| 12 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-P---G-- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 9 βασιλεῖς | nmod | high | Reflexive possessive modifying βασιλεῖς/implicit group; relation approximate. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 προέτρεπον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | case | high | Introduces the addressee phrase. |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 πρὸς | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 πρὸς | discourse | high | Modal/emphatic particle. |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 18 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 πρὸς | obl | high | Object of πρός. |
| 19 | βραχεῖαν | βραχύς | ADJ | A-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 παράκλησιν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of παράκλησιν. |
| 20 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 ἐπιχώριον | case | high | Preposition governing ἐπιχώριον. |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 ἐπιχώριον | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 22 | ἐπιχώριον | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | obl | high | Adverbial phrase with κατά, likely 'according to local custom'. |
| 23 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 παράκλησιν | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 24 | παράκλησιν | παράκλησις | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποιεῖτο. |
| 25 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IMI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause verb. |
| 26 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Θεόπομπος | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 27 | Θεόπομπος | Θεόπομπος | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποιεῖτο. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 31 ὅρκου | det | medium | Article; likely with ὅρκου. |
| 30 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 29 τοῦ | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 31 | ὅρκου | ὅρκος | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | obl | high | Genitive dependent of ἀναμιμνήσκων. |
| 32 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 35 Μεσσηνίων | det | medium | Article; modifies Μεσσηνίων. |
| 33 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 35 Μεσσηνίων | case | high | Preposition. |
| 34 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 35 Μεσσηνίων | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 35 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ὅρκου | nmod | high | Dependent of ὅρκου within κατά-phrase. |
| 36 | ἀναμιμνήσκων | ἀναμιμνήσκω | VERB | V-PAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject Θεόπομπος. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | cc | high | Coordinates participial complements. |
| 38 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 καλόν | mark | high | Introduces reported content/comparison. |
| 39 | καλόν | καλός | ADJ | A-SN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 42 φιλοτίμημα | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective in infinitival/complement clause; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 40 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---D-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 42 φιλοτίμημα | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/reference. |
| 41 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 42 φιλοτίμημα | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 42 | φιλοτίμημα | φιλοτίμημα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | obj | medium | Object/complement of ἀναμιμνήσκων; clause relation is loose. |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἀναμιμνήσκων | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 44 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 45 πατέρων | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 45 | πατέρων | πατήρ | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 κατεδουλώσαντο | nsubj | high | Genitive with participial clause, construed with ὡς/implicit comparison. |
| 46 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 49 κατεδουλώσαντο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing clause. |
| 47 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L- - -??? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 48 περιοίκους | det | medium | Article; xpos uncertain. |
| 48 | περιοίκους | περίοικος | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 κατεδουλώσαντο | obj | high | Direct object of κατεδουλώσαντο. |
| 49 | κατεδουλώσαντο | καταδουλόω | VERB | V-AMI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 42 φιλοτίμημα | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying πατέρων. |
| 50 | φανῆναι | φαίνω | VERB | V--ANP--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 49 κατεδουλώσαντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after κατεδουλώσαντο / result-like sequence. |
| 51 | λαμπρότερα | λαμπρός | ADJ | A-PNC--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 52 εἰργασμένους | obj | medium | Likely predicative/complementary comparative with participle; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 52 | εἰργασμένους | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-RPPAM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 50 φανῆναι | xcomp | high | Participle dependent on φανῆναι, agreeing with implied subject/object reference. |
| 53 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 50 φανῆναι | cc | high | Coordinates participial complements. |
| 54 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 56 προσκεκτημένους | obj | high | Object of προσκεκτημένους. |
| 55 | εὐδαιμονεστέραν | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A-SFC--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 54 χώραν | amod | high | Modifies χώραν. |
| 56 | προσκεκτημένους | προσκτάομαι | VERB | V-RPPAM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 50 φανῆναι | xcomp | high | Participial complement coordinated with εἰργασμένους. |
| 57 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Εὐφαὴς δὲ μακρότερα μὲν εἶπεν ἢ ὁ Σπαρτιάτης, οὐ πλείω δὲ οὐδʼ οὗτος ἢ ἐφιέντα ἑώρα τὸν καιρόν.
Two coordinated comparative clauses share Εὐφαὴς as subject; the second clause has an infinitival/participial complement with elliptical comparison after ἢ, and οὗτος refers back to Εὐφαὴς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐφαὴς | Εὐφαής | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἶπεν | nsubj | high | Predicative adjective used substantively as subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μακρότερα | μακρός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 εἶπεν | obj | medium | Adverbial accusative of extent/measure, comparative. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 μακρότερα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 5 | εἶπεν | λέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 6 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 μακρότερα | mark | medium | Introduces comparison. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Σπαρτιάτης | det | high | Article with substantive. |
| 8 | Σπαρτιάτης | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἶπεν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶπεν in comparative clause. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 11 πλείω | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 11 | πλείω | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἑώρα | obj | medium | Comparative adjective used adverbially/elliptically with verb ἑώρα. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 17 ἑώρα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | PART | _ | _ | 17 ἑώρα | advmod | high | Negative connective/adverb. |
| 14 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἑώρα | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun referring to Εὐφαὴς. |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 17 ἑώρα | mark | medium | Introduces comparison/than-clause. |
| 16 | ἐφιέντα | ἐφίημι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἑώρα | xcomp | medium | Participle dependent on ἑώρα; syntactic relation somewhat elliptical. |
| 17 | ἑώρα | ὁράω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 καιρόν | det | high | Article with object. |
| 19 | καιρόν | καιρός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἑώρα | obj | high | Direct object of ἑώρα. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἑώρα | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |