Grammar parses for passage 5.4.9
Open translation for this passage
Φιλίππου δὲ τοῦ Ἀμύντου οὐκ ἐθέλοντος ἀποσχέσθαι τῆς Ἑλλάδος, προσεχώρησαν μὲν ἐς τὴν συμμαχίαν τῶν Μακεδόνων οἱ Ἠλεῖοι στάσει κακωθέντες ὑπὸ ἀλλήλων, μαχεσθῆναι δὲ οὐχ ὑπέμειναν τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐναντία ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ·
Genitive absolute Φιλίππου ... ἐθέλοντος governs ἀποσχέσθαι; οἱ Ἠλεῖοι is the subject of προσεχώρησαν and ὑπέμειναν, with στάσει κακωθέντες as a causal/passive participial adjunct. The coordinated infinitive μαχεσθῆναι is governed by ὑπέμειναν; ἐναντία is a predicative accusative agreeing with the understood object/opponents, or an adverbial hostile expression, hence medium confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐθέλοντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 προσεχώρησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀμύντου | det | high | Article with Ἀμύντου. |
| 4 | Ἀμύντου | Ἄμυντος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Φιλίππου | appos | high | Apposition to Φιλίππου. |
| 5 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 ἐθέλοντος | advmod | high | Negates ἐθέλοντος. |
| 6 | ἐθέλοντος | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAPGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 προσεχώρησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 7 | ἀποσχέσθαι | ἀπέχω | VERB | V-AMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐθέλοντος | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἐθέλοντος. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἑλλάδος | det | high | Article with Ἑλλάδος. |
| 9 | Ἑλλάδος | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀποσχέσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀποσχέσθαι. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 προσεχώρησαν | punct | high | |
| 11 | προσεχώρησαν | προσχωρέω | VERB | V-AAI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 11 προσεχώρησαν | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired with δὲ. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 συμμαχίαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 συμμαχίαν | det | high | Article with συμμαχίαν. |
| 15 | συμμαχίαν | συμμαχία | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προσεχώρησαν | obl | high | Goal complement of προσεχώρησαν. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Μακεδόνων | det | high | Article with Μακεδόνων. |
| 17 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 συμμαχίαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on συμμαχίαν. |
| 18 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Ἠλεῖοι | det | high | Article with Ἠλεῖοι. |
| 19 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 προσεχώρησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of προσεχώρησαν and understood subject of ὑπέμειναν. |
| 20 | στάσει | στάσις | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 κακωθέντες | obl | medium | Dative of cause or means with κακωθέντες. |
| 21 | κακωθέντες | κακόω | VERB | V-APPNPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 11 προσεχώρησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial/causal participle modifying Ἠλεῖοι. |
| 22 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 ἀλλήλων | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 23 | ἀλλήλων | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 21 κακωθέντες | obl:agent | high | Agent of κακωθέντες. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 μαχεσθῆναι | punct | high | |
| 25 | μαχεσθῆναι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-APN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 28 ὑπέμειναν | xcomp | medium | Aorist passive-form infinitive; idiomatically ‘to fight’ in the deponent/lexical sense. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 ὑπέμειναν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 27 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 28 ὑπέμειναν | advmod | high | Negates ὑπέμειναν. |
| 28 | ὑπέμειναν | ὑπομένω | VERB | V-AAI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 προσεχώρησαν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 29 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | Article with Ἕλλησιν. |
| 30 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 μαχεσθῆναι | obl | high | Dative of opposition with μαχεσθῆναι. |
| 31 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A--APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 μαχεσθῆναι | advmod | medium | Neuter plural accusative used adverbially, ‘against/opposite’; may be analyzed as a predicative complement. |
| 32 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 33 Χαιρωνείᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 33 | Χαιρωνείᾳ | Χαιρώνεια | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 μαχεσθῆναι | obl | high | Locative complement of μαχεσθῆναι. |
| 34 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 προσεχώρησαν | punct | high |
τῆς δὲ ἐφόδου Φιλίππῳ τῆς ἐπὶ Λακεδαιμονίους μετέσχον κατὰ ἔχθος ἐς αὐτοὺς τὸ ἀρχαῖον,
The subject of μετέσχον is implicit (the Spartans); τῆς ἐφόδου ... is a genitive object/partitive construction, while τῆς ἐπὶ Λακεδαιμονίους modifies ἐφόδου. Φιλίππῳ is an ethical/dative participant, and τὸ ἀρχαῖον is an adverbial accusative meaning ‘from ancient times’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐφόδου | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 μετέσχον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφόδου | ἔφοδος | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μετέσχον | obj | medium | Genitive with μετέχω, likely ‘share in the attack’. |
| 4 | Φιλίππῳ | Φίλιππος | PROPN | Ne-GMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 μετέσχον | iobj | medium | Dative participant/ethical dative. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐφόδου | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | |
| 7 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐφόδου | nmod | high | Object of ἐπί; the phrase modifies ἐφόδου. |
| 8 | μετέσχον | μετέχω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Implicit subject, contextually likely Spartans. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἔχθος | case | high | |
| 10 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 μετέσχον | obl | high | Accusative after κατά: ‘out of hostility’. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 αὐτοὺς | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 12 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P-----AM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 10 ἔχθος | nmod | high | Target of hostility. |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 μετέσχον | advmod | medium | Substantivized/adverbial accusative: ‘the ancient [enmity], from ancient times’. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μετέσχον | punct | high |