Grammar parses for passage 5.8.10
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ ὁπλιτῶν ὁ δρόμος ἐδοκιμάσθη μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς πέμπτης Ὀλυμπιάδος καὶ ἑξηκοστῆς, μελέτης ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἕνεκα τῆς ἐς τὰ πολεμικά· τοὺς δὲ δραμόντας ἀσπίσιν ὁμοῦ πρῶτος Δαμάρετος ἐκράτησεν Ἡραιεύς.
The clause with μελέτης ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἕνεκα ... is syntactically compressed and somewhat uncertain; the second half is a clear independent clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὁπλιτῶν | det | high | Article modifying ὁπλιτῶν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 δρόμος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὁπλιτῶν | ὁπλίτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 δρόμος | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive dependent of δρόμος. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 δρόμος | det | high | Article modifying δρόμος. |
| 5 | δρόμος | δρόμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐδοκιμάσθη | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐδοκιμάσθη. |
| 6 | ἐδοκιμάσθη | δοκιμάζω | VERB | V-AOR-PASS-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἐδοκιμάσθη | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Ὀλυμπιάδος | case | high | Preposition governing the temporal phrase. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ὀλυμπιάδος | det | high | Article modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 10 | πέμπτης | πέμπτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 11 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐδοκιμάσθη | obl | high | Temporal oblique dependent of ἐδοκιμάσθη. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἑξηκοστῆς | cc | high | Coordinator within numeral phrase. |
| 13 | ἑξηκοστῆς | ἑξηκοστός | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ὀλυμπιάδος | conj | medium | Conjunct with πέμπτης; elliptical numeral modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐδοκιμάσθη | punct | high | Comma. |
| 15 | μελέτης | μελέτη | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 δοκεῖν | obl | medium | Genitive phrase with δοκεῖν; likely adverbial/causal. |
| 16 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1SN-D | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 17 δοκεῖν | nsubj | high | Dative subject of δοκεῖν. |
| 17 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PRES-ACT-INFIN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 ἐδοκιμάσθη | advcl | high | Infinitival parenthetical clause. |
| 18 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | _ | _ | 15 μελέτης | case | high | Postposition governing genitive. |
| 19 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πολεμικά | det | high | Article modifying πολεμικά. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 πολεμικά | case | high | Preposition governing object of ἕνεκα. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 πολεμικά | det | high | Article modifying πολεμικά. |
| 22 | πολεμικά | πολεμικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 μελέτης | nmod | low | Surface form is neuter plural but article τῆς suggests textual/syntactic difficulty; treated as genitive complement to μελέτης. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐδοκιμάσθη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 δραμόντας | det | high | Article modifying δραμόντας. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 31 ἐκράτησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 26 | δραμόντας | τρέχω | VERB | V-AOR-ACT-PTCP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 ἐκράτησεν | obj | high | Accusative participle as object/predicate of ἐκράτησεν. |
| 27 | ἀσπίσιν | ἀσπίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 31 ἐκράτησεν | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 28 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | _ | _ | 31 ἐκράτησεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐκράτησεν. |
| 29 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἐκράτησεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial/adjectival use meaning 'first'. |
| 30 | Δαμάρετος | Δαμάρετος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἐκράτησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκράτησεν. |
| 31 | ἐκράτησεν | κρατέω | VERB | V-AOR-ACT-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb. |
| 32 | Ἡραιεύς | Ἡραιεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Δαμάρετος | appos | high | Apposition to Δαμάρετος, identifying his deme/origin. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἐκράτησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
δρόμος δὲ δύο ἵππων τελείων συνωρὶς κληθεῖσα τρίτῃ μὲν Ὀλυμπιάδι ἐτέθη πρὸς ταῖς ἐνενήκοντα, Εὐαγόρας δὲ ἐνίκησεν Ἠλεῖος.
The opening phrase is compressed and somewhat elliptical; δρόμος, συνωρίς, and κληθεῖσα form a descriptive appositional/participial cluster before the main passive verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δρόμος | δρόμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 11 ἐτέθη | nsubj:pass | medium | Predicate noun with passive verb; structure somewhat compressed. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἐτέθη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 4 ἵππων | nummod | high | |
| 4 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 1 δρόμος | nmod | high | Partitive/attributive genitive modifying δρόμος. |
| 5 | τελείων | τέλειος | ADJ | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 4 ἵππων | amod | high | |
| 6 | συνωρὶς | συνωρίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 δρόμος | appos | medium | Likely appositional gloss/explanation of δρόμος. |
| 7 | κληθεῖσα | καλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Part|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Passive | 1 δρόμος | acl:relcl | medium | Participle agreeing with δρόμος/synōris; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 8 | τρίτῃ | τρίτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 10 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἐτέθη | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 11 ἐτέθη | obl | high | Dative of time with ἐτέθη. |
| 11 | ἐτέθη | τίθημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 14 ἐνενήκοντα | case | high | |
| 13 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 14 ἐνενήκοντα | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐνενήκοντα | ἐνενήκοντα | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 11 ἐτέθη | obl | medium | Expression likely means 'toward/about the ninety [Olympiad]s'; ellipsis makes attachment uncertain. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐτέθη | punct | high | |
| 16 | Εὐαγόρας | Εὐαγόρας | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 18 ἐνίκησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 18 ἐνίκησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 18 | ἐνίκησεν | νικάω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 11 ἐτέθη | conj | high | Coordinated with the preceding clause. |
| 19 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 Εὐαγόρας | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantively or as apposition to Εὐαγόρας. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐτέθη | punct | high |