Grammar parses for passage 5.8.8
Open translation for this passage
ὀγδόῃ δὲ ἀπὸ ταύτης Ὀλυμπιάδι ἐδέξαντο παγκρατιαστήν τε ἄνδρα καὶ ἵππον κέλητα·
The phrase παγκρατιαστήν τε ἄνδρα καὶ ἵππον κέλητα contains two coordinated accusative objects, with ἄνδρα and κέλητα specifying the persons/animal type.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀγδόῃ | ὄγδοος | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | Ordinal modifies Ὀλυμπιάδι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐδέξαντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P-----G- | _ | 4 ταύτης | case | high | |
| 4 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | PD--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐδέξαντο | obl | high | Genitive object of ἀπό. |
| 5 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐδέξαντο | obl | high | Dative temporal/locative reference: 'at the eighth Olympiad'. |
| 6 | ἐδέξαντο | δέχομαι | VERB | V3PAMI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Deponent aorist; subject is implicit plural. |
| 7 | παγκρατιαστήν | παγκρατιαστής | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐδέξαντο | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἐδέξαντο. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 παγκρατιαστήν | cc | high | Correlative coordinator with καί. |
| 9 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 παγκρατιαστήν | appos | high | Apposition to παγκρατιαστήν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἵππον | cc | high | Coordinates the second object phrase. |
| 11 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐδέξαντο | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἐδέξαντο. |
| 12 | κέλητα | κέλης | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἵππον | appos | high | Apposition/specification of ἵππον, 'a racehorse'. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐδέξαντο | punct | high |
ἵππος μὲν δὴ Κραννωνίου Κραυξίδα παρέφθη, τοὺς δὲ ἐσελθόντας ἐπὶ τὸ παγκράτιον ὁ Λύγδαμις κατειργάσατο Συρακούσιος.
The sentence contrasts two athletic episodes: the horse was overcome by Krauxidas, while Lygdamis of Syracuse defeated the entrants in the pankration; παρέφθη is interpreted as passive of παραφέρω with context-sensitive athletic meaning.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἵππος | ἵππος | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παρέφθη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 6 παρέφθη | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | 粒 | _ | 6 παρέφθη | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Κραννωνίου | Κραννώνιος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Κραυξίδα | nmod | medium | Patronymic/name in the genitive modifying Κραυξίδα. |
| 5 | Κραυξίδα | Κραυξίδας | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παρέφθη | obl:agent | medium | Agent of the passive παρέφθη; personal name. |
| 6 | παρέφθη | παραφέρω | VERB | V3SAPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Passive form; context suggests the horse was defeated/overcome by Krauxidas. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 παρέφθη | punct | high | |
| 8 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐσελθόντας | det | high | |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 16 κατειργάσατο | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἐσελθόντας | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V--AAPMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 κατειργάσατο | obj | medium | Substantivized participle, object of κατειργάσατο; τοὺς ... παγκράτιον means the entrants in the pankration. |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 13 παγκράτιον | case | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P--ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 παγκράτιον | det | high | |
| 13 | παγκράτιον | παγκράτιον | NOUN | N--ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐσελθόντας | obl | high | |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Λύγδαμις | det | high | |
| 15 | Λύγδαμις | Λύγδαμις | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κατειργάσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | κατειργάσατο | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 παρέφθη | conj | high | |
| 17 | Συρακούσιος | Συρακούσιος | PROPN | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Λύγδαμις | appos | high | Ethnic apposition to Λύγδαμις. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 παρέφθη | punct | high |
τούτῳ πρὸς ταῖς λιθοτομίαις ἐστὶν ἐν Συρακούσαις μνῆμα· εἰ δὲ καὶ Ἡρακλεῖ τῷ Θηβαίῳ μέγεθος παρισοῦτο ὁ Λύγδαμις, ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ οἶδα, λεγόμενον δὲ ὑπὸ Συρακουσίων ἐστί.
Τοῦτῳ is a dative demonstrative referring to the monument/person context; the first clause has an existential predicate with μνῆμα as subject. In the conditional clause, Λύγδαμις is subject of παρισοῦτο and Ἡρακλεῖ ... is a comparative dative; λεγόμενον is a neuter nominative predicate participle referring to the proposition/claim, with ἐστί as copula.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-dm-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 μνῆμα | obl | medium | Dative demonstrative; antecedent/reference is context-dependent. |
| 2 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 4 λιθοτομίαις | case | high | |
| 3 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | S- --DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 λιθοτομίαις | det | high | |
| 4 | λιθοτομίαις | λιθοτομία | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 μνῆμα | obl | high | πρός with dative, locative sense 'by/near the quarries'. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 μνῆμα | cop | high | Copula in existential/locative clause. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 7 Συρακούσαις | case | high | |
| 7 | Συρακούσαις | Συράκουσαι | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 μνῆμα | obl | high | Locative dative plural of the place-name. |
| 8 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of existential ἐστίν. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μνῆμα | punct | high | |
| 10 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C | _ | 17 παρισοῦτο | mark | high | Introduces the conditional protasis. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 παρισοῦτο | cc | high | Adversative/continuative particle. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 Ἡρακλεῖ | advmod | medium | Scalar/additive 'even' modifying the comparison. |
| 13 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παρισοῦτο | obl | high | Comparative dative with παρισόω. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S- --DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Θηβαίῳ | det | high | |
| 15 | Θηβαίῳ | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Ἡρακλεῖ | amod | high | Substantivized/epithetic adjective identifying Heracles as Theban. |
| 16 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 παρισοῦτο | obj | high | Accusative object of παρισοῦτο. |
| 17 | παρισοῦτο | παρισόω | VERB | V-INI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 24 οἶδα | ccomp | medium | Imperfect middle; protasis predicate. Exact voice interpretation is somewhat uncertain. |
| 18 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S- --NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Λύγδαμις | det | high | |
| 19 | Λύγδαμις | Λύγδαμις | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παρισοῦτο | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 παρισοῦτο | punct | high | |
| 21 | ἐγὼ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1NS | Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 24 οἶδα | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D | _ | 24 οἶδα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; δέ follows with the reported assertion. |
| 23 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 24 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 24 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RIA-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate; perfect-form verb with present meaning. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 οἶδα | punct | high | |
| 26 | λεγόμενον | λέγω | VERB | V-PPN-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 30 ἐστί | nsubj | medium | Neuter nominative participle functioning substantivally: 'what is said/reported'. |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 30 ἐστί | cc | high | Contrasts the speaker's ignorance with the report. |
| 28 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 29 Συρακουσίων | case | high | Agent phrase with passive λεγόμενον. |
| 29 | Συρακουσίων | Συρακούσιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 λεγόμενον | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive participle. |
| 30 | ἐστί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 οἶδα | conj | high | Copular predicate for λεγόμενον; coordinated continuation after δέ. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 οἶδα | punct | high |