Grammar parses for passage 6.20.17
Open translation for this passage
λέγουσι δὲ καὶ ὡς Μυρτίλῳ κενὸν ἐνταῦθα ἠρίον ποιήσειε Πέλοψ καὶ θύσειέ τε αὐτῷ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ φόνῳ μήνιμα ἰώμενος καὶ ἐπονομάσαι Ταράξιππον, ὅτι τῷ Οἰνομάῳ διὰ τοῦ Μυρτίλου τῆς τέχνης ἐταράχθησαν αἱ ἵπποι·
The syntax is a reporting frame with ὡς introducing indirect content, including coordinated optatives/infinitive; the causal ὅτι-clause explains the horse-startling name.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὡς | cc | high | Joins the ὡς-clause with another reported infinitive/finite idea. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | mark | high | Introduces indirect discourse. |
| 5 | Μυρτίλῳ | Μυρτίλος | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἠρίον | obl | medium | Dative of reference/beneficiary with ἠρίον. |
| 6 | κενὸν | κενός | ADJ | A--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἠρίον | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἠρίον. |
| 7 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἠρίον | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 8 | ἠρίον | ἠρίον | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ποιήσειε | nsubj | high | Subject of ποιήσειε. |
| 9 | ποιήσειε | ποιέω | VERB | V-IAO-3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect statement. |
| 10 | Πέλοψ | Πέλοψ | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θύσειέ | nsubj | high | Subject of θύσειέ. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 θύσειέ | cc | high | Coordinates with previous predicate. |
| 12 | θύσειέ | θύω | VERB | V-IAO-3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ποιήσειε | conj | high | Coordinated optative verb. |
| 13 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 12 θύσειέ | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 14 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-3DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 θύσειέ | iobj | high | Indirect object of θύσειε. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-3SNS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 μήνιμα | det | high | Article with μήνιμα. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 φόνῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-3DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 φόνῳ | det | high | Article with φόνῳ. |
| 18 | φόνῳ | φόνος | NOUN | N-DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 μήνιμα | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of μήνιμα. |
| 19 | μήνιμα | μήνιμα | NOUN | N-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἰώμενος | obj | high | Object of ἰώμενος. |
| 20 | ἰώμενος | ἰάομαι | VERB | V-PPP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 θύσειέ | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Pelops. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐπονομάσαι | cc | high | Coordinates with ἐπονομάσαι. |
| 22 | ἐπονομάσαι | ἐπονομάζω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 ποιήσειε | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive in indirect discourse. |
| 23 | Ταράξιππον | Ταράξιππος | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπονομάσαι | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπονομάσαι. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 25 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 26 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-3DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Οἰνομάῳ | det | high | Article with Οἰνομάῳ. |
| 27 | Οἰνομάῳ | Οἰνομάος | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | obl | high | Dative recipient/interest with passive verb. |
| 28 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 Μυρτίλου | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 29 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-3GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 Μυρτίλου | det | high | Article with Μυρτίλου. |
| 30 | Μυρτίλου | Μυρτίλος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Οἰνομάῳ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of διὰ. |
| 31 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-3GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 τέχνης | det | high | Article with τέχνης. |
| 32 | τέχνης | τέχνη | NOUN | N-SF---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Οἰνομάῳ | nmod | medium | Likely genitive of cause/means modifying the passive clause. |
| 33 | ἐταράχθησαν | ταράσσω | VERB | V-AIP-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Finite causal clause dependent on λέγουσι. |
| 34 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | L-3FP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 35 ἵπποι | det | high | Article with ἵπποι. |
| 35 | ἵπποι | ἵππος | NOUN | N-NP---N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive verb. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἤκουσα δὲ καὶ ἐς τὸν Πορθάονος Ἀλκάθουν ἀγόντων τὴν αἰτίαν, ὡς ἐνταῦθα μέρη λάβοι γῆς ὁ Ἀλκάθους ἀποθανὼν ὑπὸ Οἰνομάου τῶν Ἱπποδαμείας γάμων ἕνεκα· ἅτε δὲ ἀτυχήσαντα ἐν ἱπποδρόμῳ, βάσκανόν τε εἶναι τοῖς ἱππεύουσι καὶ οὐκ εὐμενῆ δαίμονα.
The syntax shifts from an indirect statement introduced by ὡς to an infinitival characterization; ἀτυχήσαντα is somewhat irregular in case and likely reflects a loose explanatory participial construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-1AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐς | cc | medium | Likely coordinates ἐς with another element. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 8 ἀγόντων | case | high | Preposition governing the following accusative phrase. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀλκάθουν | det | high | Article modifying Πορθάονος/Ἀλκάθουν phrase. |
| 6 | Πορθάονος | Πορθάων | PROPN | N-S---GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀλκάθουν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Ἀλκάθουν. |
| 7 | Ἀλκάθουν | Ἀλκάθους | PROPN | N-S---AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγόντων | obj | high | Proper name in accusative, object of ἀγόντων. |
| 8 | ἀγόντων | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-GMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ἤκουσα | xcomp | high | Genitive absolute / attendant participial clause dependent on ἤκουσα. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 αἰτίαν | det | high | Article with αἰτίαν. |
| 10 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγόντων | obj | high | Direct object of ἀγόντων; 'the cause/reason'. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀγόντων | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 15 λάβοι | mark | high | Introduces the reported explanation. |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | _ | 15 λάβοι | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying λάβοι. |
| 14 | μέρη | μέρος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 λάβοι | obj | high | Object of λάβοι. |
| 15 | λάβοι | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-2AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ὡς | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect statement after ὡς. |
| 16 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 μέρη | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive dependent of μέρη. |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀλκάθους | det | high | Article with Ἀλκάθους. |
| 18 | Ἀλκάθους | Ἀλκάθους | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λάβοι | nsubj | high | Subject of λάβοι. |
| 19 | ἀποθανὼν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 Ἀλκάθους | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying Ἀλκάθους. |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | Case=Gen | 21 Οἰνομάου | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 21 | Οἰνομάου | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | N-S---GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποθανὼν | obl | high | Agent of ἀποθανών. |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 γάμων | det | high | Article with γάμων. |
| 23 | Ἱπποδαμείας | Ἱπποδάμεια | PROPN | N-S---GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 γάμων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of γάμων. |
| 24 | γάμων | γάμος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἕνεκα | obl | high | Dependent of ἕνεκα expressing cause. |
| 25 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | _ | Case=Gen | 24 γάμων | case | high | Postposition taking genitive. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 λάβοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 27 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | mark | high | Causal/comparative marker. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 27 ἅτε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 29 | ἀτυχήσαντα | ἀτυχέω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 εἶναι | advcl | medium | Form is accusative while expected syntax is participial explanation; likely dependent on implicit subject of εἶναι. |
| 30 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | Case=Dat | 31 ἱπποδρόμῳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 31 | ἱπποδρόμῳ | ἱππόδρομος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | obl | high | Oblique complement of participle ἀτυχήσαντα. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 33 | βάσκανόν | βάσκανος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 δαίμονα | amod | high | Predicate adjective with δαίμονα. |
| 34 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 33 βάσκανόν | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 35 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἤκουσα | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement in reported speech. |
| 36 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 37 ἱππεύουσι | det | high | Article with ἱππεύουσι. |
| 37 | ἱππεύουσι | ἱππεύω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 εἶναι | obl | high | Dative participle functioning substantively, 'those riding'. |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 39 οὐκ | cc | high | Coordinates two predicates/adjectives. |
| 39 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 40 εὐμενῆ | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 40 | εὐμενῆ | εὐμενής | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 δαίμονα | amod | high | Second predicate adjective modifying δαίμονα. |
| 41 | δαίμονα | δαίμων | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement of εἶναι. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Punctuation. |