Grammar parses for passage 6.20.17
Open translation for this passage
λέγουσι δὲ καὶ ὡς Μυρτίλῳ κενὸν ἐνταῦθα ἠρίον ποιήσειε Πέλοψ καὶ θύσειέ τε αὐτῷ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ φόνῳ μήνιμα ἰώμενος καὶ ἐπονομάσαι Ταράξιππον, ὅτι τῷ Οἰνομάῳ διὰ τοῦ Μυρτίλου τῆς τέχνης ἐταράχθησαν αἱ ἵπποι·
The passage reports several coordinated aorist optatives under λέγουσι; the final ὅτι-clause gives the causal explanation for the horses' disturbance.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ποιήσειε | mark | medium | Introduces content clause. |
| 5 | Μυρτίλῳ | Μυρτίλος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἠρίον | obl | medium | Dative with κενόν/ἠρίον, likely 'for/to Myrtilus'. |
| 6 | κενὸν | κενός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἠρίον | amod | high | Predicative adjective with neuter ἠρίον. |
| 7 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ἠρίον | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἠρίον | ἠρίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ποιήσειε | obj | medium | Object of ποιήσειε; spelling variant of ἡρίον/ἠρίον 'tomb'. |
| 9 | ποιήσειε | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | medium | Optative in reported/content clause; subject follows. |
| 10 | Πέλοψ | Πέλοψ | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ποιήσειε | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 θύσειέ | cc | high | |
| 12 | θύσειέ | θύω | VERB | V-AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ποιήσειε | conj | high | Coordinated optative. |
| 13 | τε | τε | PART | PTCL | _ | 12 θύσειέ | discourse | medium | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 14 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 12 θύσειέ | iobj | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 μήνιμα | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 φόνῳ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 φόνῳ | det | high | |
| 18 | φόνῳ | φόνος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 μήνιμα | nmod | high | |
| 19 | μήνιμα | μήνιμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 θύσειέ | obj | high | |
| 20 | ἰώμενος | ἰάομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 θύσειέ | advcl | high | Participial adjunct with Πέλοψ as understood subject. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐπονομάσαι | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἐπονομάσαι | ἐπονομάζω | VERB | V-FAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | medium | Third coordinated reported action; form may be read as aorist optative. |
| 23 | Ταράξιππον | Ταράξιππος | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπονομάσαι | obj | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐπονομάσαι | punct | high | |
| 25 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | mark | high | Causal clause. |
| 26 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Οἰνομάῳ | det | high | |
| 27 | Οἰνομάῳ | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | obl | high | Dative of affected experiencer/possessor. |
| 28 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 30 Μυρτίλου | case | high | |
| 29 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Μυρτίλου | det | high | |
| 30 | Μυρτίλου | Μυρτίλος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | obl | high | Genitive object of διά in causal/mediating sense. |
| 31 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 τέχνης | det | high | |
| 32 | τέχνης | τέχνη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐταράχθησαν, probably 'in/through the skill'; exact construction uncertain. |
| 33 | ἐταράχθησαν | ταράσσω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 22 ἐπονομάσαι | advcl | high | Causal clause governed by ὅτι. |
| 34 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 35 ἵπποι | det | high | |
| 35 | ἵπποι | ἵππος | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 ἐταράχθησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high |
τοῖς δέ ἐστιν εἰρημένον ὡς αὐτὸς Οἰνόμαος ὁ τοὺς ἱππεύοντάς ἐστιν ἐν τῷ δρόμῳ βλάπτων.
The sentence is syntactically irregular as transmitted: εἰρημένον is a perfect passive participle with τοῖς as its dative experiencer/agent, while ὡς introduces a reported proposition; ἐστιν with ὁ ... βλάπτων is best read as an embedded copular construction, though the repeated ἐστιν and accusative τοὺς ἱππεύοντας leave the exact intended syntax uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἰρημένον | obl:agent | medium | Dative with the passive participle, likely marking the persons to whom/ by whom it is said. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 εἰρημένον | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 εἰρημένον | cop | medium | Forms a periphrastic/passive predicate with εἰρημένον; construction is somewhat irregular. |
| 4 | εἰρημένον | λέγω | VERB | V-rpemn--- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect passive participle, neuter singular nominative; likely impersonal ‘it has been said’. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 εἰρημένον | mark | high | Introduces the content of what has been said. |
| 6 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P---nm-s-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 Οἰνόμαος | det | high | Intensive pronoun modifying Οἰνόμαος. |
| 7 | Οἰνόμαος | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | NbMn-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βλάπτων | nsubj | medium | Subject of βλάπτων in the embedded clause; exact attachment is affected by the transmitted syntax. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----nm-s-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βλάπτων | det | high | Article introducing the attributive participial phrase. |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T----am-p-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἱππεύοντάς | det | high | |
| 10 | ἱππεύοντάς | ἱππεύω | VERB | V-sppama-- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 βλάπτων | obj | medium | Accusative participle, apparently object of βλάπτων; token form includes movable/metrical final sigma. |
| 11 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 βλάπτων | cop | low | The second ἐστιν is difficult to reconcile with the surrounding participles; treated as copula for βλάπτων. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 δρόμῳ | case | high | |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----dm-s-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δρόμῳ | det | high | |
| 14 | δρόμῳ | δρόμος | NOUN | N--dms--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἱππεύοντάς | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν, modifying ἱππεύοντάς. |
| 15 | βλάπτων | βλάπτω | VERB | V-sppamn-- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 Οἰνόμαος | acl | medium | Attributive/narrative present participle; its relation to the repeated ἐστιν is syntactically uncertain. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 4 εἰρημένον | punct | high |
ἤκουσα δὲ καὶ ἐς τὸν Πορθάονος Ἀλκάθουν ἀγόντων τὴν αἰτίαν, ὡς ἐνταῦθα μέρη λάβοι γῆς ὁ Ἀλκάθους ἀποθανὼν ὑπὸ Οἰνομάου τῶν Ἱπποδαμείας γάμων ἕνεκα· ἅτε δὲ ἀτυχήσαντα ἐν ἱπποδρόμῳ, βάσκανόν τε εἶναι τοῖς ἱππεύουσι καὶ οὐκ εὐμενῆ δαίμονα.
The infinitive phrase ἀγόντων ... τὴν αἰτίαν is governed by ἤκουσα; ὡς introduces reported explanation. ὁ Ἀλκάθους is a genitival patronymic/name construction, and the participles ἀποθανών and ἀτυχήσαντα are coordinated explanatory predicates; case agreement in the latter is somewhat compressed/uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-1AIA-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Ἀλκάθουν | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀλκάθουν | det | high | |
| 6 | Πορθάονος | Πορθάων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀλκάθουν | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival name. |
| 7 | Ἀλκάθουν | Ἀλκάθοος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγόντων | obj | high | |
| 8 | ἀγόντων | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἤκουσα | ccomp | medium | Genitive participle with acc. subject/object-like phrase; construction is compressed. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 αἰτίαν | det | high | |
| 10 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγόντων | obj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 λάβοι | mark | high | Introduces reported explanation. |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 15 λάβοι | advmod | high | |
| 14 | μέρη | μέρος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 λάβοι | obj | medium | Accusative plural with λαμβάνω, likely ‘portions/parts’. |
| 15 | λάβοι | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-2AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἀγόντων | ccomp | high | |
| 16 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 μέρη | nmod | high | |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ἀλκάθους | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἀλκάθους | Ἀλκάθοος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποθανὼν | nsubj | medium | Personal name, with genitive-looking spelling in the supplied text; parsed as nominative subject. |
| 19 | ἀποθανὼν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 λάβοι | advcl | high | |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Οἰνομάου | case | high | |
| 21 | Οἰνομάου | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποθανὼν | obl:agent | high | |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 γάμων | det | medium | Form may be masculine or neuter genitive plural; agrees semantically with γάμων as masculine. |
| 23 | Ἱπποδαμείας | Ἱπποδάμεια | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 γάμων | nmod | high | |
| 24 | γάμων | γάμος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἕνεκα | nmod | high | |
| 25 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 γάμων | case | high | Postposition governing genitive. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | |
| 27 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | mark | high | Introduces causal/characterizing participial clause. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | cc | high | |
| 29 | ἀτυχήσαντα | ἀτυχέω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 35 εἶναι | advcl | low | Accusative participle is difficult to reconcile with the nominative subject; possibly attraction or textual/elliptical construction. |
| 30 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 ἱπποδρόμῳ | case | high | |
| 31 | ἱπποδρόμῳ | ἱππόδρομος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | obl | high | |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 29 ἀτυχήσαντα | punct | high | |
| 33 | βάσκανόν | βάσκανος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective in the infinitival complement. |
| 34 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 βάσκανόν | cc | high | |
| 35 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἀγόντων | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated semantically with the preceding reported content. |
| 36 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 ἱππεύουσι | det | high | |
| 37 | ἱππεύουσι | ἱππεύω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 33 βάσκανόν | obl | high | Substantival dative participle, ‘those riding’. |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 εὐμενῆ | cc | high | |
| 39 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 εὐμενῆ | advmod | high | |
| 40 | εὐμενῆ | εὐμενής | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Second predicate adjective coordinated with βάσκανον. |
| 41 | δαίμονα | δαίμων | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 εὐμενῆ | obl | medium | Appositional/predicative accusative with εὐμενῆ; semantic relation is somewhat compressed. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high |