Grammar parses for passage 8.28.5
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθα Ἀθηνᾶν λέγουσι Μέλανι τῷ Ὦπος εἰκασμένην ἀποτρέπειν τῆς ὁδοῦ Τεῦθιν τῆς οἴκαδε·
Infinitival construction: λέγουσι governs an accusative-and-infinitive proposition, with Ἀθηνᾶν as the understood subject of εἰκασμένην/ἀποτρέπειν; Μέλανι τῷ Ὦπος is a dative agent/association with εἰκασμένην, while Τεῦθιν is the object of ἀποτρέπειν and τῆς ὁδοῦ the source/separation complement. The final τῆς οἴκαδε is an elliptic or textually difficult directional phrase; analysis is low confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-adverb | PronType=Dem | 3 λέγουσι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | Ἀθηνᾶν | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-3---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 εἰκασμένην | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival clause. |
| 3 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | Μέλανι | Μέλας | PROPN | N-3---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἰκασμένην | obl:agent | medium | Dative associated with εἰκασμένην, plausibly agent or instrument. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ὦπος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ὦπος | Ὦπος | PROPN | N-DSM--M- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Μέλανι | appos | medium | Patronymic/name in apposition to Μέλανι; form is orthographically irregular for a dative proper name. |
| 7 | εἰκασμένην | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-RMP-4AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 8 ἀποτρέπειν | advcl | high | Perfect passive participle, predicated of Ἀθηνᾶν. |
| 8 | ἀποτρέπειν | ἀποτρέπω | VERB | V-PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσι. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ὁδοῦ | det | high | |
| 10 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποτρέπειν | obl:from | medium | Genitive of separation/source with ἀποτρέπειν. |
| 11 | Τεῦθιν | Τεῦθις | PROPN | N-3---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποτρέπειν | obj | high | |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 οἴκαδε | det | low | Syntactically difficult with οἴκαδε; likely belongs to an elliptical nominal phrase. |
| 13 | οἴκαδε | οἴκαδε | ADV | D-------- | AdvType=Loc | 8 ἀποτρέπειν | advmod | low | Directional adverb ‘homeward/home’; preceding article is anomalous or reflects ellipsis. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 λέγουσι | punct | high |
ὁ δέ, ἅτε οἰδοῦντος αὐτῷ τοῦ θυμοῦ, παίει τὴν θεὸν τῷ δόρατι ἐς τὸν μηρόν, ἀπήγαγε δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Αὐλίδος ὀπίσω τὸν στρατόν.
The sentence has a genitive absolute (ἅτε οἰδοῦντος ... τοῦ θυμοῦ) followed by two coordinated finite predicates; the overt subject ὁ is shared by παίει and ἀπήγαγε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παίει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 10 παίει | cc | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 10 παίει | punct | high | |
| 4 | ἅτε | ἅτε | ADV | D | _ | 5 οἰδοῦντος | mark | medium | Concessive/causal particle introducing the genitive absolute. |
| 5 | οἰδοῦντος | οἰδέω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 παίει | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with θυμοῦ as genitive subject. |
| 6 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 οἰδοῦντος | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/interest with οἰδοῦντος. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θυμοῦ | det | high | |
| 8 | θυμοῦ | θυμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 οἰδοῦντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 10 παίει | punct | high | |
| 10 | παίει | παίω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 12 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 παίει | obj | high | Feminine θεόν refers to the goddess. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 δόρατι | det | high | |
| 14 | δόρατι | δόρυ | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 παίει | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 17 μηρόν | case | high | |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 μηρόν | det | high | |
| 17 | μηρόν | μηρός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παίει | obl | high | Goal/affected-location complement of παίει. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 19 ἀπήγαγε | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἀπήγαγε | ἀπάγω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 10 παίει | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 19 ἀπήγαγε | cc | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 19 ἀπήγαγε | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 22 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 24 Αὐλίδος | case | high | |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 Αὐλίδος | det | high | |
| 24 | Αὐλίδος | Αὐλίς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἀπήγαγε | obl | high | Place name. |
| 25 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D | _ | 19 ἀπήγαγε | advmod | high | Adverb meaning back/again. |
| 26 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 στρατόν | det | high | |
| 27 | στρατόν | στρατός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀπήγαγε | obj | high | |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | U | _ | 10 παίει | punct | high |
ἀναστρέψας δὲ ἐς τὴν οἰκείαν, τὴν θεὸν ἔδοξεν αὐτὴν τετρωμένην φανῆναί οἱ τὸν μηρόν·
The infinitival clause depends on ἔδοξεν: the god appeared to him to have been wounded in the thigh; αὐτήν and τετρωμένην are accusative subject/predicate of φανῆναι, while οἱ is the dative experiencer.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναστρέψας | ἀναστρέφω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἔδοξεν | advcl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 1 ἀναστρέψας | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R----- | _ | 5 οἰκείαν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 οἰκείαν | det | high | |
| 5 | οἰκείαν | οἰκεῖος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀναστρέψας | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective, likely ‘home/own country’; object of ἐς. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀναστρέψας | punct | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 8 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔδοξεν | obj | high | Feminine referent ‘the goddess’. |
| 9 | ἔδοξεν | δοκέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 12 φανῆναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | τετρωμένην | τιτρώσκω | VERB | V-RPP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 12 φανῆναί | xcomp | high | Accusative participial predicate with αὐτήν; φανῆναι takes the infinitive clause. |
| 12 | φανῆναί | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-2APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 9 ἔδοξεν | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔδοξεν. |
| 13 | οἱ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἔδοξεν | iobj | medium | Enclitic dative experiencer; form is dative singular of the third-person pronoun. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μηρόν | det | high | |
| 15 | μηρόν | μηρός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 τετρωμένην | obl | high | Accusative of respect with τετρωμένην: wounded in the thigh. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔδοξεν | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου κατέλαβε Τεῦθιν φθινώδης νόσος, μόνοις τε Ἀρκάδων τοῖς ἐνταῦθα οὐκ ἀπεδίδου καρπὸν οὐδένα ἡ γῆ.
The sentence has two coordinated predicates: νόσος κατέλαβε Τεῦθιν and ἡ γῆ οὐκ ἀπεδίδου καρπόν; μόνοις τε Ἀρκάδων τοῖς ἐνταῦθα is a compressed dative phrase specifying the affected Arcadians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλαβε | nsubj | high | Substantivized article/pronominal subject: τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 κατέλαβε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 4 τούτου | case | high | |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλαβε | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἀπό. |
| 5 | κατέλαβε | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | Τεῦθιν | Τεῦθις | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλαβε | obj | high | Personal name, object of κατέλαβε. |
| 7 | φθινώδης | φθινώδης | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 νόσος | amod | high | |
| 8 | νόσος | νόσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλαβε | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέλαβε. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 κατέλαβε | punct | high | |
| 10 | μόνοις | μόνος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἀρκάδων | amod | high | Agrees with Ἀρκάδων substantively understood/elliptical in the dative phrase. |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἀπεδίδου | cc | medium | Correlative/additive τε linking the second predication. |
| 12 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 μόνοις | nmod | medium | Genitive of the group from which the dative subset is specified; syntactically somewhat compressed. |
| 13 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀπεδίδου | iobj | high | Dative recipient/affected group with ἀπεδίδου. |
| 14 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | _ | 13 τοῖς | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying the dative group. |
| 15 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἀπεδίδου | advmod | high | Clausal negation. |
| 16 | ἀπεδίδου | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 5 κατέλαβε | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate, with τε. |
| 17 | καρπὸν | καρπός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπεδίδου | obj | high | |
| 18 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καρπὸν | det | high | Negative determiner modifying καρπόν. |
| 19 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 γῆ | det | high | |
| 20 | γῆ | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπεδίδου | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπεδίδου. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 κατέλαβε | punct | high |