Grammar parses for passage 8.28.4
Open translation for this passage
τῇ χώρᾳ δὲ τῇ Θεισόᾳ προσεχὴς κώμη Τεῦθίς ἐστι·
The sentence is a copular identification: κώμη is the subject/predicate nominal, Τεῦθίς names it, and προσεχής takes the dative τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Θεισόᾳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 χώρᾳ | det | high | |
| 2 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κώμη | obl | high | Dative of relation/adjacency with προσεχής. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 κώμη | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Θεισόᾳ | det | high | |
| 5 | Θεισόᾳ | Θεισόα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 χώρᾳ | appos | high | Appositional specification of χώρα. |
| 6 | προσεχὴς | προσεχής | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κώμη | amod | high | |
| 7 | κώμη | κώμη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominal with ἐστι understood/copular. |
| 8 | Τεῦθίς | Τεῦθις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κώμη | appos | high | Name specifying the village. |
| 9 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 κώμη | cop | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 κώμη | punct | high |
πάλαι δὲ ἦν πόλισμα ἡ Τεῦθις.
Existential/copular ἦν has πόλισμα as its nominal predicate; ἡ Τεῦθις is the nominative subject. πάλαι is a temporal adverb and δέ a coordinating particle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πάλαι | πάλαι | ADV | Adv | Degree=Pos | 3 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 3 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | xcomp | high | Nominal predicate of εἰμί. |
| 5 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | D-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Τεῦθις | det | high | |
| 6 | Τεῦθις | Τεῦθις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | nsubj | high | Proper name; nominative subject. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high |
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ ἰδίᾳ παρείχοντο οἱ ἐνταῦθα ἡγεμόνα·
The prepositional phrase ἐπὶ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ is temporal (‘in the war against Ilium’); ἰδίᾳ modifies παρείχοντο, and ἡγεμόνα is its accusative object/predicative complement. The form Ἰλίῳ is treated as a proper-name dative governed by πρὸς, though the construction is unusual.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 4 πολέμου | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 παρείχοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 4 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρείχοντο | obl | high | Genitive after ἐπί; temporal circumstance. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 7 Ἰλίῳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἰλίῳ | Ἴλιον | PROPN | Ne--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πολέμου | nmod | low | Unusual πρὸς + dative form; likely proper name Ilium within the relative/attributive phrase. |
| 8 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A----DSF- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 παρείχοντο | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, ‘separately/individually’. |
| 9 | παρείχοντο | παρέχω | VERB | V-IIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἐνταῦθα | det | high | Article substantivizing ἐνταῦθα. |
| 11 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 παρείχοντο | nsubj | medium | Substantivized by οἱ, ‘the people here’; coordinated/implicit nominal subject. |
| 12 | ἡγεμόνα | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρείχοντο | obj | high | Accusative object of παρείχοντο, ‘provided a leader’. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 παρείχοντο | punct | high |
ὄνομα δὲ αὐτῷ Τεῦθιν, οἱ δὲ Ὄρνυτόν φασιν εἶναι.
The sentence has an elliptical first clause ('his name [was] Teuthis') followed by φασιν εἶναι with accusative-name construction; the two clauses are loosely coordinated by δέ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Τεῦθιν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative with implied/copular construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 Τεῦθιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 Τεῦθιν | iobj | high | Dative of possession/reference: 'his name'. |
| 4 | Τεῦθιν | Τεῦθις | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Accusative predicate name in an elliptical clause ('[it was] Teuthis'); proper-name inflection is somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Τεῦθιν | punct | high | |
| 6 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | p-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 9 φασιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized article/pronoun, 'they'; lemma convention may also be αὐτός. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 9 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 8 | Ὄρνυτόν | Ὄρνυτος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative subject/predicate-name in the infinitival clause. |
| 9 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite reporting verb; coordinates with the preceding elliptical clause. |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 φασιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of φασιν. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φασιν | punct | high |
ὡς δὲ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν οὐκ ἐγίνετο ἐπίφορα ἐξ Αὐλίδος πνεύματα, ἀλλὰ ἄνεμος σφᾶς βίαιος ἐπὶ χρόνον εἶχεν ἐγκλείσας, ἀφίκετο ὁ Τεῦθις Ἀγαμέμνονι ἐς ἀπέχθειαν καὶ ὀπίσω τοὺς Ἀρκάδας ὧν ἦρχεν ἀπάξειν ἔμελλεν.
The main clause has coordinated predicates ἀφίκετο and ἔμελλεν; the initial ὡς-clause contains a contrastive clause with ἄνεμος as subject and ἐγκλείσας as a shared-subject participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐγίνετο | mark | high | Introduces the causal/content subordinate clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐγίνετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐγίνετο | iobj | high | Dative with γίγνομαι, indicating for whom the winds did not arise. |
| 5 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 ἐγίνετο | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 21 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὡς-clause. |
| 7 | ἐπίφορα | ἐπίφορος | ADJ | A----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 πνεύματα | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with πνεύματα; construed substantivally with the following noun. |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Αὐλίδος | case | high | |
| 9 | Αὐλίδος | Αὐλίς | PROPN | Ne----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πνεύματα | nmod | high | |
| 10 | πνεύματα | πνεῦμα | NOUN | N----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐγίνετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγίνετο; ἐπίφορα is its adjectival modifier/predicate. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐγίνετο | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 εἶχεν | cc | high | Coordinates the contrasting clause. |
| 13 | ἄνεμος | ἄνεμος | NOUN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-----A--- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 18 εἶχεν | obj | high | Object of εἶχεν. |
| 15 | βίαιος | βίαιος | ADJ | A--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἄνεμος | amod | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 χρόνον | case | high | |
| 17 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 εἶχεν | obl | high | Accusative duration with εἶχεν. |
| 18 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 21 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Contrasting finite clause coordinated after the ὡς-clause. |
| 19 | ἐγκλείσας | ἐγκλείω | VERB | V--SAPMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 18 εἶχεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, subject shared with ἄνεμος; manner/result nuance. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 εἶχεν | punct | high | |
| 21 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 22 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Τεῦθις | det | high | |
| 23 | Τεῦθις | Τεῦθις | PROPN | N--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | Ἀγαμέμνονι | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | N--DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Dative complement with ἀφικνέομαι, expressing arrival into hostility toward Agamemnon. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 ἀπέχθειαν | case | high | |
| 26 | ἀπέχθειαν | ἀπέχθεια | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Goal/state expression: into hostility. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ἀπάξειν | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival complement with the preceding result/action. |
| 28 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 33 ἀπάξειν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀπάξειν. |
| 29 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Ἀρκάδας | det | high | |
| 30 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | Ne----AP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἀπάξειν | obj | high | Object of ἀπάξειν. |
| 31 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | P---GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἦρχεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἦρχεν: those whom he led. |
| 32 | ἦρχεν | ἄρχω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 30 Ἀρκάδας | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying Ἀρκάδας; ὧν is its genitive object. |
| 33 | ἀπάξειν | ἀπάγω | VERB | V--FAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Future|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 34 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Future infinitive governed by ἔμελλεν. |
| 34 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 21 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | Coordinated main predicate; governs ἀπάξειν. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |