Grammar parses for passage 8.28.4
Open translation for this passage
πάλαι δὲ ἦν πόλισμα ἡ Τεῦθις.
Existential/copular ἦν has πόλισμα as its nominal predicate; ἡ Τεῦθις is the nominative subject. πάλαι is a temporal adverb and δέ a coordinating particle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πάλαι | πάλαι | ADV | Adv | Degree=Pos | 3 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 3 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | xcomp | high | Nominal predicate of εἰμί. |
| 5 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | D-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Τεῦθις | det | high | |
| 6 | Τεῦθις | Τεῦθις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | nsubj | high | Proper name; nominative subject. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high |
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ ἰδίᾳ παρείχοντο οἱ ἐνταῦθα ἡγεμόνα·
The prepositional phrase ἐπὶ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ is temporal (‘in the war against Ilium’); ἰδίᾳ modifies παρείχοντο, and ἡγεμόνα is its accusative object/predicative complement. The form Ἰλίῳ is treated as a proper-name dative governed by πρὸς, though the construction is unusual.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 4 πολέμου | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 παρείχοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 4 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρείχοντο | obl | high | Genitive after ἐπί; temporal circumstance. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 7 Ἰλίῳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἰλίῳ | Ἴλιον | PROPN | Ne--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πολέμου | nmod | low | Unusual πρὸς + dative form; likely proper name Ilium within the relative/attributive phrase. |
| 8 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A----DSF- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 παρείχοντο | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, ‘separately/individually’. |
| 9 | παρείχοντο | παρέχω | VERB | V-IIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἐνταῦθα | det | high | Article substantivizing ἐνταῦθα. |
| 11 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 παρείχοντο | nsubj | medium | Substantivized by οἱ, ‘the people here’; coordinated/implicit nominal subject. |
| 12 | ἡγεμόνα | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρείχοντο | obj | high | Accusative object of παρείχοντο, ‘provided a leader’. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 παρείχοντο | punct | high |