Grammar parses for passage 8.37.3
Open translation for this passage
θεῶν δὲ αὐτὰ τὰ ἀγάλματα, Δέσποινα καὶ ἡ Δημήτηρ τε καὶ ὁ θρόνος ἐν ᾧ καθέζονται, καὶ τὸ ὑπόθημα τὸ ὑπὸ τοῖς ποσίν ἐστιν ἑνὸς ὁμοίως λίθου·
Elliptical continuation: θεῶν modifies the understood preceding subject/object context; αὐτὰ τὰ ἀγάλματα is the coordinated subject, with Δέσποινα, Δημήτηρ, and θρόνος appositional/specifying elements. ἐστιν governs the final predicate, with ἑνὸς λίθου expressing material/genitive of composition; καθέζονται is relative-clause verb for ᾧ, whose antecedent is θρόνος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγάλματα | nmod | medium | Genitive relation is elliptical/context-dependent. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 ἀγάλματα | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγάλματα | det | high | Intensifying/determining pronoun with τὰ ἀγάλματα. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγάλματα | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Subject/object status depends on omitted governing context; coordinated nominal subject under ἐστιν is plausible. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀγάλματα | punct | high | |
| 7 | Δέσποινα | Δέσποινα | PROPN | N-NF-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγάλματα | appos | medium | Name/title in apposition or coordination with ἀγάλματα. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 Δημήτηρ | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Δημήτηρ | det | high | |
| 10 | Δημήτηρ | Δημήτηρ | PROPN | N-NF-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Δέσποινα | conj | high | |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 12 καὶ | cc | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 14 θρόνος | cc | high | |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 θρόνος | det | high | |
| 14 | θρόνος | θρόνος | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Δέσποινα | conj | high | Coordinated nominal element; number/gender mismatch with neuter ἀγάλματα reflects elliptical construction. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 ᾧ | case | high | |
| 16 | ᾧ | ὅς | PRON | P-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καθέζονται | obl | high | Relative pronoun refers to θρόνος. |
| 17 | καθέζονται | καθέζομαι | VERB | V3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 14 θρόνος | acl:relcl | high | Middle/passive-form verb, ‘they sit’; plural subject is understood figures. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 καθέζονται | punct | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 ὑπόθημα | cc | high | |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ὑπόθημα | det | high | |
| 21 | ὑπόθημα | ὑπόθημα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ὑπόθημα | det | high | Article introducing a restrictive/descriptive relative-like phrase. |
| 23 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 ποσίν | case | high | |
| 24 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ποσίν | det | high | |
| 25 | ποσίν | πούς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ἐστιν | obl | high | ὑπό with dative: ‘under the feet’. |
| 26 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 27 | ἑνὸς | εἷς | NUM | A-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 λίθου | nummod | medium | Genitive numeral agreeing semantically with λίθου; morphology is masculine singular genitive. |
| 28 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 26 ἐστιν | advmod | high | ‘Likewise/equally’. |
| 29 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐστιν | nmod | high | Genitive of material/composition with ἐστιν. |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐστιν | punct | high |
καὶ οὔτε τῶν ἐπὶ τῇ ἐσθῆτι οὔτε ὁπόσα εἴργασται περὶ τὸν θρόνον οὐδέν ἐστιν ἑτέρου λίθου προσεχὲς σιδήρῳ καὶ κόλλῃ, ἀλλὰ τὰ πάντα ἐστὶν εἷς λίθος.
Coordination with οὔτε...οὔτε... and ἀλλά; οὐδέν is the subject of ἐστιν, while προσεχές governs the dative instrument/material phrases. The first coordinated οὔτε-phrase is substantivized by the article and elliptical after οὐδέν; ὁπόσα εἴργασται is the second coordinated substantive phrase. Analysis of εἴργασται as perfect middle/passive is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 οὔτε | cc | high | |
| 2 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | cc | high | First member of οὔτε...οὔτε coordination. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T- GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐσθῆτι | det | high | Article substantivizes the genitive phrase. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἐσθῆτι | case | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T- DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐσθῆτι | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐσθῆτι | ἐσθής | NOUN | N- DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 τῶν | nmod | high | Genitive article phrase: things on the garment. |
| 7 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ὁπόσα | cc | high | Second member of οὔτε...οὔτε coordination. |
| 8 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | PX-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 εἴργασται | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural relative/interrogative form. |
| 9 | εἴργασται | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 8 ὁπόσα | acl:relcl | medium | Perfect middle/passive form; construed as modifying ὁπόσα. |
| 10 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 θρόνον | case | high | |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θρόνον | det | high | |
| 12 | θρόνον | θρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 εἴργασται | obl | high | Object of περὶ. |
| 13 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | PX-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter singular subject: nothing. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | ἑτέρου | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 λίθου | amod | high | Genitive modifying λίθου. |
| 16 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 προσεχὲς | obl | high | Genitive of material/type with προσεχές. |
| 17 | προσεχὲς | προσεχής | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 18 | σιδήρῳ | σίδηρος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 προσεχὲς | obl | medium | Dative of instrument/material with προσεχές. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 κόλλῃ | cc | high | |
| 20 | κόλλῃ | κόλλα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 σιδήρῳ | conj | high | Coordinated with σιδήρῳ. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Adversative coordination. |
| 23 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 πάντα | det | high | |
| 24 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective. |
| 25 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated copular clause. |
| 26 | εἷς | εἷς | NUM | M-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 λίθος | nummod | high | One, agreeing semantically with λίθος. |
| 27 | λίθος | λίθος | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐστὶν | attr | high | Predicate nominal. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high |
οὗτος οὐκ ἐσεκομίσθη σφίσιν ὁ λίθος, ἀλλὰ κατὰ ὄψιν ὀνείρατος λέγουσιν αὐτὸν ἐξευρεῖν ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου τὴν γῆν ὀρύξαντες.
The passive ἐσεκομίσθη has οὗτος as subject and σφίσιν as dative recipient/reference; λέγουσιν governs the infinitival report αὐτὸν ἐξευρεῖν, with ὀρύξαντες agreeing with the understood subject of the infinitive (the local people). κατὰ ὄψιν ὀνείρατος is an idiom meaning 'in accordance with a dream vision'; ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου modifies the location of the finding, while τὴν γῆν is the object of ὀρύξαντες.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PDNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 2 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | advmod | high | |
| 3 | ἐσεκομίσθη | εἰσκομίζω | VERB | V3SAPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP3PD | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | iobj | medium | Dative of the local people/recipients; exact semantic role is contextual. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 λίθος | det | high | |
| 6 | λίθος | λίθος | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | nsubj:pass | medium | Appositional/referential subject clarification after οὗτος; likely the stone is the true nominative subject. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ὄψιν | case | high | |
| 10 | ὄψιν | ὄψις | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 λέγουσιν | obl | high | With κατά, idiomatic manner/ground expression. |
| 11 | ὀνείρατος | ὄνειρα | NOUN | N--GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὄψιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὄψιν. |
| 12 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3PAPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb after ἀλλά. |
| 13 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | RP3ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 14 ἐξευρεῖν | nsubj:xsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 14 | ἐξευρεῖν | ἐξευρίσκω | VERB | V--AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | |
| 15 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 περιβόλου | case | high | Preposition/adposition governing the genitive. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 περιβόλου | det | high | |
| 17 | περιβόλου | περίβολος | NOUN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐξευρεῖν | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐξευρεῖν. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 γῆν | det | high | |
| 19 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ὀρύξαντες | obj | high | Object of ὀρύξαντες. |
| 20 | ὀρύξαντες | ὀρύσσω | VERB | V--AAPNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἐξευρεῖν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle; nominative plural masculine, with its understood subject controlled by the reporting people rather than αὐτόν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐσεκομίσθη | punct | high |