Grammar parses for passage 8.48.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ἄρεως ἄγαλμα ἐν τῇ Τεγεατῶν ἀγορᾷ.
Existential εἰμί has postponed subject ἄγαλμα; Ἄρεως is a genitive possessor, and the prepositional phrase specifies location. The copular/existential analysis is high confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἄγαλμα | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | Ἄρεως | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἄγαλμα | nmod:poss | high | |
| 5 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ἀγορᾷ | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀγορᾷ | det | high | |
| 8 | Τεγεατῶν | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀγορᾷ | nmod | high | |
| 9 | ἀγορᾷ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Locative complement of εἰμί, realized as an ἐν-phrase. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
τοῦτο ἐκτετύπωται μὲν ἐπὶ τῇ στήλῃ, Γυναικοθοίναν δὲ ὀνομάζουσιν αὐτόν.
Two coordinated clauses: τοῦτο is the neuter demonstrative subject of ἐκτετύπωται; Γυναικοθοίναν is the accusative name/predicate object of ὀνομάζουσιν, with αὐτόν as its object. The participial form ἐκτετύπωται is parsed as perfect middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PDNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 ἐκτετύπωται | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἐκτετύπωται | ἐκτυπόω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 2 ἐκτετύπωται | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 6 στήλῃ | case | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RAFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 στήλῃ | det | high | |
| 6 | στήλῃ | στήλη | NOUN | NDFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐκτετύπωται | obl | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐκτετύπωται | punct | high | |
| 8 | Γυναικοθοίναν | Γυναικοθοίνας | PROPN | NEAMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 10 ὀνομάζουσιν | xcomp | medium | Proper-name accusative functioning as a predicate naming complement; lexical gender and declensional details are uncertain. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 10 ὀνομάζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 10 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 2 ἐκτετύπωται | conj | high | |
| 11 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | PEASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐκτετύπωται | punct | high |
ὑπὸ γὰρ τὸν Λακωνικὸν πόλεμον καὶ Χαρίλλου τοῦ Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλέως τὴν πρώτην ἐπιστρατείαν λαβοῦσαι αἱ γυναῖκές σφισιν ὅπλα ἐλόχων ὑπὸ τὸν λόφον ὃν Φυλακτρίδα ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ὀνομάζουσι·
The sentence has a participial subject construction: αἱ γυναῖκες, having received the first expedition of Charillus, lay in ambush with weapons for the Laconians beneath the hill. ὑπό is first temporal ('during') and second locative; ἐλόχων is imperfect active third plural. The relative clause modifies λόφον, with Φυλακτρίδα as a predicate accusative after ὀνομάζουσι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 πόλεμον | case | high | With accusative πόλεμον, temporal 'during'. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἐλόχων | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 4 | Λακωνικὸν | Λακωνικός | ADJ | A-AM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πόλεμον | amod | high | |
| 5 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-AM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐλόχων | obl | high | Temporal accusative governed by ὑπό. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 βασιλέως | cc | high | Coordinates the second temporal genitive phrase. |
| 7 | Χαρίλλου | Χαρίλλος | PROPN | NPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 βασιλέως | nmod | high | Possessive/relational genitive with ἐπιστρατείαν. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 βασιλέως | det | high | |
| 9 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GM-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 βασιλέως | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'of the Lacedaemonians'. |
| 10 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-GM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιστρατείαν | nmod | high | Appositional/relational genitive: Charillus, king of the Lacedaemonians. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιστρατείαν | det | high | |
| 12 | πρώτην | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-AF-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιστρατείαν | amod | high | |
| 13 | ἐπιστρατείαν | ἐπιστρατεία | NOUN | N-AF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 λαβοῦσαι | obj | high | Object of λαβοῦσαι. |
| 14 | λαβοῦσαι | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAAP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἐλόχων | advcl | high | Aorist participle agreeing with αἱ γυναῖκες. |
| 15 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 γυναῖκές | det | high | |
| 16 | γυναῖκές | γυνή | NOUN | N-NF-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 ἐλόχων | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐλόχων. |
| 17 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 ἐλόχων | iobj | medium | Reflexive dative, likely 'for themselves' or 'for them'; syntactic role is dative with ὅπλα. |
| 18 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | N-AN-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἐλόχων | obj | high | Weapons, object associated with ἐλόχων. |
| 19 | ἐλόχων | λοχάω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect active: 'lay in ambush'. |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 22 λόφον | case | high | With accusative λόφον, locative 'beneath'. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 λόφον | det | high | |
| 22 | λόφον | λόφος | NOUN | N-AM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐλόχων | obl | high | Locative oblique complement of ἐλόχων. |
| 23 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | R-AM-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ὀνομάζουσι; antecedent λόφον. |
| 24 | Φυλακτρίδα | Φυλακτρίς | PROPN | N-AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative/name assigned to the hill. |
| 25 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 26 ἡμῶν | case | high | Elided ἐπί; with genitive ἡμῶν, 'in our time'. |
| 26 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-GP | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί. |
| 27 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 22 λόφον | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐλόχων | punct | high |
συνελθόντων δὲ τῶν στρατοπέδων καὶ τολμήματα ἀποδεικνυμένων ἑκατέρωθεν τῶν ἀνδρῶν πολλά τε καὶ ἄξια μνήμης, οὕτω φασὶν ἐπιφανῆναί σφισι τὰς
The opening is a coordinated genitive absolute; φασίν introduces an accusative-and-infinitive construction, truncated after τὰς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνελθόντων | συνέρχομαι | VERB | VAorActPtGen | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 φασὶν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with token 4. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Pos | 1 συνελθόντων | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | TGenPl | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 4 στρατοπέδων | det | high | |
| 4 | στρατοπέδων | στρατόπεδον | NOUN | NGenPl | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 συνελθόντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἀποδεικνυμένων | cc | high | Coordinates the second genitive-absolute participle. |
| 6 | τολμήματα | τόλμημα | NOUN | NAccPl | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 7 ἀποδεικνυμένων | obj | high | Object of ἀποδεικνυμένων. |
| 7 | ἀποδεικνυμένων | ἀποδείκνυμι | VERB | P pres mid/pass pt gen pl | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 1 συνελθόντων | conj | high | Second genitive-absolute participle. |
| 8 | ἑκατέρωθεν | ἑκατέρωθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἀποδεικνυμένων | advmod | high | ‘From both sides’; modifies ἀποδεικνυμένων. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | TGenPl | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 10 ἀνδρῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | NGenPl | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 7 ἀποδεικνυμένων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀποδεικνυμένων: the men displaying the exploits. |
| 11 | πολλά | πολύς | ADJ | AAccPlNeut | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 6 τολμήματα | amod | high | Adjectival modifier agreeing with τολμήματα. |
| 12 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 πολλά | cc | high | First member of τε καί. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἄξια | cc | high | Coordinates ἄξια with πολλά. |
| 14 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | AAccPlNeut | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 6 τολμήματα | conj | high | Coordinated adjective modifying or predicated of τολμήματα. |
| 15 | μνήμης | μνήμη | NOUN | NGenSg | Case=Genitive|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 14 ἄξια | nmod | high | Genitive of value/reference with ἄξια. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 17 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 φασὶν | advmod | high | Correlative adverb, ‘thus’. |
| 18 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | VPresActInd3Pl | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb introducing indirect statement. |
| 19 | ἐπιφανῆναί | ἐπιφαίνω | VERB | VAorActInf | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Accusative-and-infinitive complement of φασίν. |
| 20 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | PDat3Pl | Case=Dative|Number=Plural|Person=3 | 19 ἐπιφανῆναί | iobj | high | Dative of appearance, ‘to them’. |
| 21 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | TAccPlFem | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Number=Plural | 19 ἐπιφανῆναί | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive; the sentence continues beyond the supplied fragment. |